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<body class="article">
<div id="header">
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Subsurface4Banner.png" alt="Banner" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><span class="big">USER MANUAL</span></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Manual authors</strong>: Willem Ferguson, Jacco van Koll, Dirk Hohndel, Reinout Hoornweg,
Linus Torvalds, Miika Turkia, Amit Chaudhuri, Jan Schubert, Salvador Cuñat</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><span class="blue"><em>Version 4.2, August 2014</em></span></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Welcome as a user of <em>Subsurface</em>, an advanced dive logging program with
extensive infrastructure to describe, organise, interpret and print scuba
and free dives. <em>Subsurface</em> offers many advantages over other similar
software solutions:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Do you use two different dive computer brands, each with its own proprietary
software for downloading dive logs? Do you dive with rebreathers as well
as open circuit? Do you use a Reefnet Sensus time-depth recorder
in conjunction with a dive computer? <em>Subsurface</em> offers a standard
interface for downloading dive logs from all these different pieces of
equipment and to store and analyse the dive logs within a unified system.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Do you use more than one operating system? <em>Subsurface</em> is fully compatible
with Mac, Linux and Windows, allowing you to access your dive log on each
of your operating systems with a single application.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Do you use Linux or Mac and your dive computer has only Windows-based software
for downloading dive information (e.g. Mares)? <em>Subsurface</em> provides a way of
storing and analysing your dive logs on other operating systems.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Subsurface</em> binaries are available for Windows PCs (Win XP or later), Intel
based Macs (OS/X) and many Linux distributions. <em>Subsurface</em> can be built for
many more hardware platforms and software environments where Qt and
libdivecomputer are available.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The scope of this document is the use of the <em>Subsurface</em> program. To install
the software, consult the <em>Downloads</em> page on the
<a href="http://subsurface.hohndel.org/"><em>Subsurface</em> web site</a>.
Please discuss issues with this program by sending an email to
<a href="mailto:subsurface@hohndel.org">our mailing list</a> and report bugs at
<a href="http://trac.hohndel.org">our bugtracker</a>. For instructions on how to build the
software and (if needed) its dependencies please consult the INSTALL file
included with the source code.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Audience</strong>: Recreational Scuba Divers, Free Divers, Tec Divers, Professional
Divers</p></div>
<div id="toc">
<div id="toctitle">Table of Contents</div>
<noscript><p><b>JavaScript must be enabled in your browser to display the table of contents.</b></p></noscript>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_UserSurvey">1. The user survey</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>In order to develop <em>Subsurface</em> in a way that serves its users in the best possible way,
it is important to have some user information. Upon launching <em>Subsurface</em>
after using this software for a week or so, a one-box user survey pops up. It is entirely
optional and the user controls what, if any, data are sent to the <em>Subsurface</em> development
team. Any data that the user chooses to send is extremely useful, and will only be
used to steer future development and to customise the software to fit the needs of
the <em>Subsurface</em> users. If one completes the survey, or clicks the option not to
be asked again, that should be the last communication of this nature one receives.
However, if one’s diving and/or subsurface habits change and one wishes to provide
another survey, this can be done by launching <em>Subsurface</em> with the <em>--survey</em> option on the
command line.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_StartUsing">2. Start Using the Program</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <em>Subsurface</em> window is usually divided into four panels with a <strong>Main
Menu</strong> (File Import Log View Filter Help) at the top of the window (for Windows
and Linux) or the top of the screen (for Mac and Ubuntu Unity). The four panels are:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
The <strong>Dive List</strong> to the bottom left containing a list of all the dives in the
user’s
dive log. A dive can be selected and highlighted on the dive list by clicking on
it. In most situations the up/down keys can be used to switch
between dives. The <strong>Dive List</strong> is an important tool for manipulating a dive log.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The <strong>Dive Map</strong> to the bottom right, showing the user’s dive sites on a world
map
and centred on the site of the last dive selected in the <strong>Dive List</strong>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The <strong>Dive Info</strong> to the top left, giving more detailed information on the
dive selected in the <strong>Dive List</strong>, including some statistics for the selected dive or for all
highlighted dive(s).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The <strong>Dive Profile</strong> to the top right, showing a graphical dive profile of the
selected dive in the <strong>Dive List</strong>.
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The dividers between panels can be dragged in order to change the size of any of
the panels. <em>Subsurface</em> remembers the position of the dividers, so the next
time <em>Subsurface</em> starts it uses the positions of the dividers from when the program
was last used.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If a dive is selected in the <strong>Dive List</strong>, the dive location, detailed information
and profile of
the <em>selected dive</em> are shown in the respective panels. On the other hand, if
one highlights more than one dive the last highlighted dive is the <em>selected
dive</em>, but summary data of all <em>highlighted dives</em> are shown in the <strong>Stats</strong> tab
of the <strong>Dive Info</strong> panel (maximum, minimum and average depths, durations, water
temperatures and SAC; total time and number of dives selected).</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" id="S_ViewPanels" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/main_window.jpg" alt="The Main Window" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The user can determine which of the four panels are displayed by selecting the
<strong>View</strong> option on the main menu. This feature gives the user several choices of
display:</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>All</strong>: show all four of the panels as in the screenshot above.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Divelist</strong>: Show only the Dive List.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Profile</strong>: Show only the Dive Profile of the selected dive.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Info</strong>: Show only the Dive Notes about the last selected dive and statistics for
all highlighted dives.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Globe</strong>: Show only the world map, centred on the last selected dive.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Like many other functions that can be accessed via the Main Menu, these options
can be triggered using keyboard shortcuts. The shortcuts for a particular system
are shown with an underline in the main menu entries. Since different Operating
Systems and the user chosen language may cause <em>Subsurface</em> to use different
shortcut keys they are not listed here in the user manual.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When the program is started for the first time, it shows no information at all.
This is because the program doesn’t have any dive information available. In the
following sections, the procedures to create a new logbook will be described.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_NewLogbook">3. Creating a new logbook</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Select <em>File → New Logbook</em> from the main menu. All existing dive data are
cleared so that new information can be added. If there are unsaved data in an
open logbook, the user is asked whether the open logbook should be
saved before a new logbook is created.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_GetInformation">4. How to store dive information in the user’s logbook</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>There are several ways in which dive information can be added to a logbook:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
Enter dive information by hand. This is typically useful if the diver did not
use a dive computer and dives were recorded in a written logbook.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Import dive information directly from a dive computer if it is supported by
<em>Subsurface</em>. The latest list of dive computers supported by <em>Subsurface</em> can
be found at:
<a href="http://subsurface.hohndel.org/documentation/supported-dive-computers/">
Supported dive computers</a>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Import dive information from another database or file format. If you
have kept your dive logs with other log software, these logs can often
be imported to subsurface. This is discussed in more detail below.
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_EnterData">4.1. Entering dive information by hand</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This is usually the approach for dives without a dive computer. The basic record
of information within <em>Subsurface</em> is a dive. The most important information
in a simple dive logbook usually includes dive type, date, time, duration,
depth, the names of your dive buddy and of the dive master or dive guide, and
some remarks about the dive. <em>Subsurface</em> can store much more information
than this for each dive. In order to add a dive to a dive log, select <em>Log
→ Add Dive</em> from the Main Menu. The program then shows three panels to enter
information for a dive: two tabs in the <strong>Dive Info</strong> panel (<strong>Dive Notes</strong> and
<strong>Equipment</strong>), as well as the <strong>Dive Profile</strong> panel that displays a graphical profile
of each dive. These panels are respectively marked <span class="red">A</span>, <span class="red">B</span> and
<span class="red">C</span>
in the figure below. Each of these tabs will now be explained for data entry.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/AddDive1.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Add dive" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When one edits a field in Dive notes or Equipment panels, <em>Subsurface</em> enters <strong>Editing Mode</strong>,
indicated by the message in the blue box at the top of the <em>Dive Notes</em> panel. This message is
displayed in all the panels under Dive notes and Equipment when in <strong>Editing Mode</strong>.</p></div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_dive_notes">4.1.1. Dive Notes</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This panel contains the date, time and place information for a particular dive,
environmental conditions, co-divers and buddies, as well as some descriptive
information. If one clicks on the <strong>Dive Notes</strong> tab, the following
fields are visible:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/AddDive2.jpg" alt="FIGURE: The Dive Notes tab" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <strong>Time</strong> field reflects the date and the time of the dive. By clicking
the date, a calendar is displayed from which
one can choose the correct date. Press ESC to escape from the calendar.
The time values (hour and minutes) can also be
edited directly by clicking on each of them in the text box and by overtyping the
information displayed. The default date is the present date and the default time is
an hour in advance of the present time.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Air and water temperatures</strong>: the air and water temperatures during the
dive can be typed directly on the fields to the right of the Start time.
Temperature units are not needed, as they will be automatically supplied by
<em>Subsurface</em>. Only the numerical value must be
typed by the user (the units selected in the <em>Preferences</em>
will determine whether metric or imperial units are used).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Location</strong>: Here the name of the dive site can be entered, e.g. "Tihany, Lake
Balaton,
Hungary". Auto completion of location names will make this easier if one
frequently dives at the same sites.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Coordinates</strong>: The geographic coordinates of the dive site should be entered
here. These can come from three sources:</p></div>
<div class="olist loweralpha"><ol class="loweralpha">
<li>
<p>
One can find the coordinates on the world map in the bottom right hand
part
of the Subsurface window. The map displays a green bar indicating "No location
data - Move the map and double-click to set the dive location". Upon a double-click
at the appropriate place, the green bar disappears and the coordinates are
stored.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The coordinates can be obtained from the <em>Subsurface</em> Companion app if the
user has an Android device with GPS and if the coordinates of the dive site
were stored using that device.
<a href="#S_Companion">Click here for more information</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The coordinates can be entered by hand if they are known, using one of
four formats with latitude followed by longitude:
</p>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>ISO 6709 Annex D format e.g. 30°13'28.9"N 30°49'1.5"E
Degrees and decimal minutes, e.g. N30° 13.49760' , E30° 49.30788'
Degrees minutes seconds, e.g. N30° 13' 29.8" , E30° 49' 1.5"
Decimal degrees, e.g. 30.22496 , 30.821798</code></pre>
</div></div>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Southern hemisphere latitudes are given with a <strong>S</strong>, e.g. S30°, or with a
negative value, e.g. -30.22496. Similarly western longitudes are given with a
<strong>W</strong>, e.g. W07°, or with a negative value, e.g. -7.34323.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Please note that GPS coordinates of a dive site are linked to the Location
name - so adding coordinates to dives that do not have a location description
will cause unexpected behaviour (Subsurface will think that all of these
dives have the same location and try to keep their GPS coordinates the
same).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Divemaster</strong>: The name of the dive master or dive guide for this dive can be
entered here.
Again, this field offers auto completion based on the list of dive masters in
the current logbook.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Buddy</strong>: In this field one can enter the name(s) of the buddy / buddies
(separated by commas) who accompanied the user on the dive. Auto completion
is offered based on the list of buddies in the current logbook.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Suit</strong>: The type of diving suit used for the dive can be entered here.
As with the other items, auto completion of the suit description is available.
Some dry-suit users may choose to use this field to record what combination of
suit and thermal protection undersuit was used.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Rating</strong>: One can provide a subjective overall rating of the dive on a
5-point scale by clicking the appropriate star on the rating scale.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Visibility</strong>: Similarly, one can provide a rating of visibility during the
dive on a
5-point scale by clicking the appropriate star.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Tags</strong>: Tags that describe the type of dive performed may
be entered here (separated by commas). Examples of common tags are boat, drift,
training, cave etc. <em>Subsurface</em> has many built-in tags. Auto completion is once again offered.
For instance, if <code>cav</code> was typed, then the tags <strong>cave</strong> and <strong>cavern</strong> are
shown for the user to choose from.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Notes</strong>: Any additional information can be typed here.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <strong>Save</strong> and <strong>Cancel</strong> buttons are used to save all the information for tabs in
the info panel and in the dive profile panel, so there’s no need to use them
until ALL other information has been added. Here is an example of a completed
Dive Notes panel:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/CompletedDiveInfo.jpg" alt="FIGURE: A completed Dive Notes tab" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_equipment">4.1.2. Equipment</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The Equipment tab allows the user to enter information about the type of
cylinder and gas used, as well as the weights used for a dive. This is a highly interactive part of
<em>Subsurface</em> and the information on
cylinders and gases (entered here) affects the behaviour of the dive profile
(top right-hand panel).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph" id="S_CylinderData"><p><strong>Cylinders</strong>: The cylinder information is entered through a dialogue that looks
like this:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Gas_dialogue1.jpg" alt="FIGURE:Initial cylinder dialogue" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The + button at the top right allows the user to add more cylinders for this
dive.
The dark dustbin icon on the left allows one to delete information for a
particular cylinder. Note that it is not possible to delete a cylinder if it is used during the
dive. One cylinder is implicitly used in the dive, even without a gas change event. Thus the first
cylinder cannot be deleted until another cylinder is created.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Start by selecting a cylinder type on the left-hand side of the
table. To select a cylinder, click in the <strong>Type</strong> box.
This brings up a button that can be used to display a dropdown list of
cylinders:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Gas_dialogue2.jpg" alt="FIGURE:The cylinder drop-down list button" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The drop-down list can be used to select the cylinder type used
for the dive or the user may start typing in the box which shows the
available options for the entered characters. The
<strong>Size</strong> of the cylinder as well as its working pressure (<strong>WorkPress</strong>) will
automatically be shown in the dialogue. If a cylinder is not shown in the dropdown list,
type the name and description of that cylinder into the <strong>Type</strong> field.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Next, indicate the starting pressure and the ending pressure of
the
gas used during the dive. The unit of pressure (metric/imperial) corresponds
to the setting in the <em>Preferences</em>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Finally, type in the gas mixture used in the <strong>O2%</strong> field. If air
was used, a value of 21% can be entered on this field, or it might be
left blank. If nitrox or trimix were used, their percentages of oxygen and/or
helium must be specified.
Any inappropriate fields should be left empty. After typing the information for
the cylinder, press <em>ENTER</em> on the keyboard or click
outside the cell that contains the cursor. Information for any additional
cylinders can be added by using the + button at the top right hand. Following
is an example of a complete description for a
dive made using two cylinders (air and EAN50):</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/CylinderDataEntry3.jpg" alt="FIGURE: a completed cylinder dive information table" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Weights</strong>: Information about the weight system used during a dive can be entered
using a dialogue very similar to that for the cylinder information. If the user
clicks the + button on the top right of the weights dialogue, the table looks
like this:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/WeightsDataEntry1.jpg" alt="FIGURE: The Weights dialogue" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If one then clicks on the <strong>Type</strong> field, a drop-down list becomes accessible
through a down-arrow:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/WeightsDataEntry2.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Weights type drop-down list button" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The drop-down list can then be used to select the type of weight system or the user may start
typing in the box which shows the available options for the entered characters. In
the <strong>Weight</strong>
field, the weight used during the dive must be typed. After typing the
information
for the weight system the user must either press <em>ENTER</em> on the keyboard or
click outside the
cell that contains the cursor. It is possible to enter
information for more than one weight system by adding an additional system using
the + button on the top right hand. Weight systems can be deleted using the
dustbin icon on the left hand. Here is an example of information for a dive
with two types of weights: integrated and a weight belt:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/WeightsDataEntry3.jpg" alt="FIGURE: A completed weights information table" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>There’s NO need to click the <em>Save</em> button before the dive
profile has been completed.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_CreateProfile">4.1.3. Creating a Dive Profile</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <strong>Dive Profile</strong> (a graphical representation of the depth of the dive as a
function of time) is indicated in the panel on the top right hand of the
<em>Subsurface</em> window. When a dive is manually added to a logbook, <em>Subsurface</em>
presents a default dive profile that needs to be modified to best represent the
dive being described:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/DiveProfile1.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Initial dive profile" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Modifying the dive profile</em>: When the cursor is moved around the dive profile,
its position is indicated by two coloured lines (red and green) as shown below.
The depth and time
that the cursor represents are indicated at the top of the black information box
(@ and D). The units (metric/imperial) on the axes are determined by the
<strong>Preference</strong> settings. The dive profile itself comprises several
line segments demarcated by waypoints (white dots on the profile, as shown
above). The default dive depth is 15 m.
If the dive depth was 20 m then the user needs to drag the appropriate waypoints
downwards to represent 20 m. To add a waypoint, double-click on
any line segment. To move an additional waypoint, drag it.
To remove this waypoint, right-click on it and choose "Remove this point" from the
context menu. The user needs to drag the waypoints to represent an
accurate
time duration for the dive. Below is a dive profile that represents a dive
to 20 m for 30 min, followed by a 5 minute safety stop at 5 m.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/DiveProfile2.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Edited dive profile" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Specifying the gas composition:</em> The gas composition used is clearly indicated
along the line segments of the dive profile. This defaults to the first gas
mixture specified in the <strong>Equipment</strong> tab, which was air in the case of the
profile illustrated above. The gas mixtures of segments of the dive profile can
be edited. This is done by right-clicking on the particular
waypoint and selecting the appropriate gas from the context menu. Changing
the gas for a waypoint affects the gas shown in the segment <em>to the left</em> of
that
waypoint. Note that only the gases defined in the <strong>Equipment</strong> tab appear in the
context menu.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/DiveProfile3.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Gas composition context menu" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Below is the profile of a dive to 20 m for 30 min and with a switch from air to
EAN50 at the end of the duration at 20m. In this case the first cylinder in the
<strong>Equipment</strong> tab contained air and the second cylinder contained EAN50.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/DiveProfile4.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Completed dive profile" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_saving_the_hand_entered_dive_information">4.1.4. Saving the hand-entered dive information</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The information entered in the <strong>Dive Notes</strong> tab, the <strong>Equipment</strong> tab as well as
the <strong>Dive Profile</strong> can now be saved in the user’s logbook by using the two
buttons
on the top right hand of the Dive Notes tab. If the <em>Save</em> button is clicked,
the dive data
are saved in the current logbook. If the <em>Cancel</em> button is clicked, the newly
entered
dive data are discarded. When exiting <em>Subsurface</em>, the user will be prompted
once more to save the logbook with the new dive(s).</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_ImportDiveComputer">4.2. Importing new dive information from a Dive Computer</h3>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_connecting_and_importing_data_from_a_dive_computer">4.2.1. Connecting and importing data from a dive computer.</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The use of dive computers allows the collection of a large amount of
information about
each dive, e.g. a detailed record of depth, duration, rates of ascent/descent
and of gas partial pressures. <em>Subsurface</em> can capture this information and
present it as part of the dive information, using dive
information from a wide range of dive computers. The latest list of supported
dive computers can be found at:
<a href="http://subsurface.hohndel.org/documentation/supported-dive-computers/">
Supported dive computers</a>.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/warning2.png" alt="Warning" />
</td>
<td class="content">Several dive computers consume more power when they are in their
PC-Communication mode. <strong>This could drain the dive computer’s battery</strong>. We
therefore
recommend that the user checks if the dive computer is charged when
connected to the USB port of a PC. For example, several Suunto and Mares dive
computers do not recharge through the USB connection. Users should refer to
the dive computer’s manual
if they are unsure whether the dive computer recharges its batteries
while connected to the USB port.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To import dive information from a dive computer to a computer with
<em>Subsurface</em>,
it is necessary that the two pieces of equipment communicate with one another.
This
involves setting up the communications port (or mount point) of the computer
with <em>Subsurface</em> that communicates with the dive computer. In order to set up
this communication, one needs to find the appropriate information to
instruct
<em>Subsurface</em> where and how to import the dive information.
<a href="#_appendix_a_operating_system_specific_information_for_importing_dive_information_from_a_dive_computer">Appendix A</a>
provides the technical information to help the user achieving this for different
operating
systems and
<a href="#_appendix_b_dive_computer_specific_information_for_importing_dive_information">Appendix B</a>
has dive computer specific information.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After this, the dive computer can be hooked up to the user’s PC, which can be
achieved by following these steps:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
The interface cable should be connected to a free USB port (or the Infra-red
or Bluetooth connection set up as described later in this manual)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The dive computer should be placed into PC Communication mode.
(Users should refer to the manual of their specific dive computer)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
In <em>Subsurface</em>, from the Main Menu, the user must select <em>Import → Import
From Dive Computer</em>.
Dialogue <strong>A</strong> in the figure below appears:
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/ImportFromDC1.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Download dialogue 1" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Dive computers tend to keep a certain number of dives in their memory, even
though these dives have already been imported to <em>Subsurface</em>. For that reason
<em>Subsurface</em> only imports dives that have not been uploaded before. This makes
the download process faster on most dive computers and also saves battery power
of the dive computer (at least for those not charging while connected via USB).
If, for some reason, the user wishes to import ALL dives from the dive computer,
even though some may already be in the logbook, then check the check box labelled
<em>Force download of all dives</em>.</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
The dialogue has two drop-down lists, <strong>Vendor</strong> and <strong>Dive Computer</strong>. On the
<strong>vendor</strong> drop-down list select the make of the computer, e.g.
Suunto, Oceanic,
Uwatec, Mares. On the <strong>Dive Computer</strong> drop-down list, the model name of
the dive computer must be selected, e.g. D4 (Suunto), Veo200 (Oceanic), or Puck
(Mares).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The <strong>Device or Mount Point</strong> drop-down list contains the USB or Bluetooth port
name that <em>Subsurface</em> needs in order to communicate with the dive computer.
The appropriate port name must be selected. Consult
<a href="#_appendix_a_operating_system_specific_information_for_importing_dive_information_from_a_dive_computer">Appendix A</a>
and
<a href="#_appendix_b_dive_computer_specific_information_for_importing_dive_information">Appendix B</a>
for technical details on how to find the appropriate port information for a
particular dive
computer and, in some cases, how to do the correct settings to the operating
system of the computer on which <em>Subsurface</em> is running.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
If all the dives on the dive computer need to be downloaded, check the
checkbox <em>Force download of all dives</em>. Normally, <em>Subsurface</em> only downloads
dives after the date-time of the last dive in the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel. If one
or more of your dives in <em>Subsurface</em> have been accidentally deleted or if there
are older dives that still need to be downloaded from the dive computer, this
checkbox needs to be activated. Some dive computers (e.g. Mares Puck) do not provide
a contents list to <em>Subsurface</em> before the download in order to select only new dives.
Consequently, for these dive computers, all dives are downloaded
irrespective of the status of this check box.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
If the checkbox <em>Always prefer downloaded dives</em>
has been checked and, during download, dives with identical date-times exist on
the dive computer and on the <em>Subsurface</em>
<strong>Dive List</strong> panel, the record in the <em>Subsurface</em> divelog will be overwritten
by the record from the dive computer
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Do <strong>not</strong> check the checkboxes labelled <em>Save libdivecomputer logfile</em> and
<em>Save libdivecomputer dumpfile</em>. These are only used as diagnostic tools
when problems with downloads are experienced (see below).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The <em>OK</em> button must then be clicked. Dialogue <strong>B</strong> in the figure above
appears.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
With communication established, one can see how the data are
retrieved from the dive computer.
Depending on the make of the dive computer and/or number of recorded dives, this
could take some time. The user should be patient. The <em>Download</em> dialogue
shows a
progress bar at the bottom of the dialogue (for some dive computers the
progress information could be inaccurate as we cannot determine how much
downloadable data there is until all data have been downloaded). When the
download of the dive information is complete, all the imported dives appear
in the <strong>Dive List</strong>, sorted by date and time. Disconnect and
switch off the dive
computer to conserve its battery power.
If a particular dive is selected, the <strong>Dive Profile</strong> panel shows an informative
graph of dive depth against time for that particular dive.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
If there is a problem in communicating with the dive computer, an error
message will be shown, similar to this text: "Unable to open /dev/ttyUSB0 Mares
(Puck Pro)". Refer to the text in the box below.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="sidebarblock">
<div class="content">
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>PROBLEMS WITH DATA DOWNLOAD FROM A DIVE COMPUTER?</strong></p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/important.png" alt="Important" />
</td>
<td class="content">Check the following:</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Is the dive computer still in PC-communication or
Upload mode?
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Is the battery of the dive computer fully charged? If not then the battery
must be charged or replaced.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Is the connecting cable faulty? Does the cable work perfectly using other
software? Has it worked before, or is this the first time the cable is being used? Are the contacts
on the dive computer and the cable clean?
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Consult
<a href="#_appendix_a_operating_system_specific_information_for_importing_dive_information_from_a_dive_computer">Appendix A</a>
and make sure that the correct Mount Point
was specified (see above).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
On Unix-like operating systems, does the user have write permission to the
USB port? If not, consult
<a href="#_appendix_a_operating_system_specific_information_for_importing_dive_information_from_a_dive_computer">Appendix A</a>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If the <em>Subsurface</em> computer does not recognise the USB adaptor by
showing an appropriate device name next to the Mount Point, then there is a
possibility that the cable or USB adaptor is faulty. A faulty cable is the most
common cause of communication failure between dive computer and <em>Subsurface</em>
computer. It is also possible that the <em>Subsurface</em> computer cannot interpret
the data. Perform a download for diagnostic purposes with the following
two check boxes checked in the download dialogue discussed above:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>Save libdivecomputer logfile
Save libdivecomputer dumpfile</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Important</strong>: These check boxes are only used when problems are encountered
during the download process: under normal circumstances they should not be checked.
When checking these boxes, the user is prompted to select a folder to
save the information to. The default folder is the one in which the <em>Subsurface</em>
dive log is kept.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Important:</strong> <em>After downloading with the above checkboxes
checked, no dives are added to the
<strong>Dive List</strong> but two files are created in the folder selected above</em>:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>subsurface.log
subsurface.bin</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>These files should be send to the <em>Subsurface</em> mail list:
<em>subsurface@hohndel.org</em> with a
request for the files to be analysed. Provide the dive computer
make and model
as well as contextual information about the dives recorded on the dive computer.</p></div>
</div></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_DeviceNames">4.2.2. Changing the name of a dive computer</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>It may be necessary to distinguish between different dive computers used to
upload dive logs to <em>Subsurface</em>. For instance if one’s partner’s dive computer is the
same make and model as one’s own and dive logs are uploaded from both dive computers
to the same <em>Subsurface</em> computer, then
one would perhaps like to call one dc "Alice’s Suunto D4" and the other one
"Bob’s Suunto D4". Alternatively, perhaps a technical diver dives with two or more
dive computers of the same model, the logs of both (or all) being uploaded.
In this case it might be prudent to call one of them
"Suunto D4 (1)" and another one "Suunto D4 (2)". This is easily done in <em>Subsurface</em>.
On the <strong>Main Menu</strong>, select <em>Log → Edit device names</em>. A dialog opens, indicating the
current Model, ID and Nickname of the dive computers used for upload. Edit the Nickname
field for the appropriate dive computer. After saving the Nickname, the dive logs
show the nickname for that particular device instead of the model name,
allowing easy identification of devices.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_EditDiveInfo">4.2.3. Updating the dive information imported from the dive computer.</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The information from the dive computer is not complete and more
details must be added in order to have a fuller record of the dives. To
do this,
the <strong>Dive Notes</strong> and the <strong>Equipment</strong> tabs on the top left hand of the
<em>Subsurface</em> window should be used.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_dive_notes_2">4.2.4. Dive Notes</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The date and time of the dive, gas mixture and (often) water temperature is
shown as obtained from the dive computer, but the user needs to add some
additional information by hand in order to have a more complete dive record.
If the contents of this tab is changed or edited in any way, the message in a blue box at
the top of the panel indicates that the dive is being edited. If one
clicks on the <strong>Dive Notes</strong> tab, the following fields are
visible:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/AddDive3.jpg" alt="FIGURE: The Dive Notes tab" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <strong>Time</strong> field reflects the date and time of the dive. By clicking
the date, a calendar is displayed from which
one can choose the correct date. Press ESC to close the calendar.
The time values (hour and minutes) can also be
edited directly by clicking on each of them in the text box and by overtyping the
information displayed.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Air/water temperatures</strong>: Air and water temperatures during the dive are shown
in these fields to the right of the Start time. Many dive computers supply water
temperature information and this field may therefore not require further
editing. If air temperature is not provided by the dive computer, the first temperature reading
might be used for the air temperature. Generally this is close enough to the real air temperature as
the change in the temperature sensor reading is quite slow to follow the changes in the environment.
If editing is required, only a value is required, the units of temperature will be
automatically supplied by
<em>Subsurface</em> (according to the <em>Preferences</em>, metric or imperial units will
be used).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Location</strong>: In this field one should type in text that describes the site
where the dive was performed, e.g. "Tihany, Lake Balaton, Hungary".
Auto completion of location names will
make this easier if one frequently dives at the same sites.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Coordinates</strong>: The geographic coordinates of the dive site should be entered
here. These can come from three sources:</p></div>
<div class="olist loweralpha"><ol class="loweralpha">
<li>
<p>
The user can find the coordinates on the world map in the bottom right hand
part
of the Subsurface window. The map displays a green bar indicating "Move the map
and double-click to set the dive location". Double-click
at the appropriate place, the green bar disappears and the coordinates are
stored.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The user can obtain the coordinates from the <em>Subsurface</em> Companion app if
an Android device with GPS was used and the if the coordinates of the dive site
were stored using that device.
<a href="#S_Companion">Click here for more information</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The coordinates can be entered by hand if they are known, using one of
four formats with latitude followed by longitude:
</p>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>ISO 6709 Annex D format e.g. 30°13'28.9"N 30°49'1.5"E
Degrees and decimal minutes, e.g. N30° 13.49760' , E30° 49.30788'
Degrees minutes seconds, e.g. N30° 13' 29.8" , E30° 49' 1.5"
Decimal degrees, e.g. 30.22496 , 30.821798</code></pre>
</div></div>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Southern hemisphere latitudes are given with a <strong>S</strong>, e.g. S30°, or with a
negative value, e.g. -30.22496. Similarly, western longitudes are given with a
<strong>W</strong>, e.g. W07°, or with a negative value, e.g. -7.34323.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Please note that GPS coordinates of a dive site are linked to the Location
name - so adding coordinates to dives that do not have a location description
will cause unexpected behaviour (Subsurface will think that all of these
dives have the same location and try to keep their GPS coordinates the
same).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Divemaster</strong>: The name of the dive master or dive guide for this dive should be
entered in this field
which offers auto completion based on the list of dive masters in
the current logbook.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Buddy</strong>: In this field, one enters the name(s) of the buddy / buddies
(separated with commas) who accompanied him/her on the
dive. Auto completion based on the list of buddies in the current logbook is
offered.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Suit</strong>: Here the type of diving suit used for the dive can be entered.
Auto completion of the suit description is available.
Some dry-suit users may choose to use this field to record what combination of
suit and thermal protection undersuit was used.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Rating</strong>: One can provide a subjective overall rating of the dive on a
5-point scale by clicking the appropriate star on the rating scale.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Visibility</strong>: Similarly, one can provide a rating of visibility during the
dive on a
5-point scale by clicking the appropriate star.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Tags</strong>: Tags that describe the type of dive performed can be entered
here (separated by commas). Examples of common tags are boat, drift, training,
cave, etc.
<em>Subsurface</em> has many built-in tags. If the user starts typing a tag, the
program
will list the tags that correspond to the typing. For instance, if the user
typed
<code>cav</code>, then the tags <strong>cave</strong> and <strong>cavern</strong> are shown for the user to choose from.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Notes</strong>: Any additional information for the dive can be entered here.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <strong>Save</strong> and <strong>Cancel</strong> buttons are used to save all the information for tabs
in the info panel and in the dive profile panel, so there’s no need to use them
until ALL other information has been added. Here is an example of a completed
Dive Notes panel:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/CompletedDiveInfo.jpg" alt="FIGURE: A completed Dive Notes tab" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_equipment_2">4.2.5. Equipment</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The Equipment tab allows one to enter information about the type of
cylinder and gas used as well as the weights used for the dive. The
message in a blue box at the top of the panel:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/BlueEditBar.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Blue edit bar" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>indicates that the dive is being edited. This is a highly interactive part of
<em>Subsurface</em> and the information on
cylinders and gases (entered here) determines the behaviour of the dive profile
(top right-hand panel).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Cylinders</strong>: The cylinder information is entered through a dialogue that looks
like this:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/DC_gas_dialogue1.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Initial cylinder dialogue" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In most cases <em>Subsurface</em> obtains the gas used from the dive computer and
automatically inserts the gas composition(% oxygen) in the table. The + button
at the top right allows the user to add more cylinders for this dive. The dark
dustbin icon on the left allows the deletion of information for a cylinder.
Note that it is not possible to delete a cylinder if it is used during the
dive. A cylinder might be implicitly used in the dive, even without a gas change event.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The user should start by selecting a cylinder type on the left-hand side of the
table. To select a cylinder, the <strong>cylinder type</strong> box should be clicked. This
brings up a list button that can be used to display a dropdown list of
cylinders:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/DC_gas_dialogue2.jpg" alt="FIGURE: The cylinder drop-down list button" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The drop-down list can then be used to select the cylinder type that was used
for this dive or the user may start typing in the box which shows the available
options for the entered characters. The
<strong>Size</strong> of the cylinder as well as its working pressure (<strong>WorkPress</strong>) will
automatically be shown in the dialogue.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Next one must indicate the starting pressure and the ending pressure of the
specified gas during the dive. The unit of pressure (metric/imperial)
corresponds to the settings chosen in the <em>Preferences</em>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Finally, provide the gas mixture used. If air was used, the
value of 21% can be entered or this field can be left blank. If nitrox or
trimix were used, their percentages of oxygen and/or helium should be entered.
Any inappropriate fields should be left empty. After typing the
information for the cylinder,
either press <em>ENTER</em> on the keyboard or click outside the cell
that contains
the cursor. Information for any additional cylinders can be added by using the<br />
button at the top right hand. Following is an example of a complete description
for a dive using two cylinders (air and EAN50):</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/CylinderDataEntry3.jpg" alt="FIGURE: a completed cylinder dive information table" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Weights</strong>: Information about the weight system used can be entered
using a dialogue very similar to that of the cylinder information. If one
clicks
the + button on the top right of the weights dialogue, the table looks like
this:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/WeightsDataEntry1.jpg" alt="FIGURE:The Weights dialogue" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>By clicking on the <strong>Type</strong> field, a drop-down list becomes accessible through a
down-arrow:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/WeightsDataEntry2.jpg" alt="FIGURE:Weights type drop-down list button" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The drop-down list can then be used to select the type of weight system
used during the dive or the user may start typing in the box
which shows the available options for the entered characters.
In the <strong>Weight</strong>
field, type in the amount of weight used during the dive. After
specifying the weight
system, the user can either press <em>ENTER</em> on the keyboard or click outside the
cell with the cursor.
It is possible to enter information for more than one weight system by adding
an additional system
using the + button on the top right hand. Weight systems can be deleted using
the dustbin icon on the left hand. Here is an example of information for a dive
with two types of weights: integrated as well as a weight belt:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/WeightsDataEntry3.jpg" alt="FIGURE: A completed weights information table" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_adding_bookmarks_to_a_dive">4.2.6. Adding Bookmarks to a dive</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Many divers wish to annotate their dives with text that indicate particular events
during the dive, e.g. "Saw dolphins", or "Released surface bouy". This is easily
done:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Right-click at the appropriate point on the dive profile.
This brings up the dive profile context menu. Select <em>Add bookmark</em>. A red flag is
placed on the dive profile at the point that was initially selected (see <strong>A</strong> below).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Right-click on the red flag. This brings up the context menu (see <strong>B</strong> below). Select <em>Edit name</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
A text box is shown. Type the explanatory text for the bookmark (see <strong>C</strong> below). Select <em>OK</em>.
This saves the text associated with the bookmark.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
If one hovers using the mouse over the red bookmark, the appropriate text is shown at
the bottom of the information box (see <strong>D</strong> below).
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Bookmarks.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Bookmark dialog" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_saving_the_updated_dive_information">4.2.7. Saving the updated dive information</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The information entered in the <strong>Dive Notes</strong> tab and the <strong>Equipment</strong> tab can be
saved by
using the
two buttons on the top right hand of the <strong>Dive Notes</strong> tab. If the <em>Save</em> button
is clicked,
the dive data are saved. If the <em>Cancel</em> button is clicked, then the newly
entered dive data are
deleted, although the dive profile obtained from the dive computer will be
retained. When the user exits <em>Subsurface</em> there is a final prompt to confirm
that the new data should be saved.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_importing_dive_information_from_other_digital_data_sources_or_other_data_formats">4.3. Importing dive information from other digital data sources or other data formats</h3>
<div class="paragraph" id="S_ImportingAlienDiveLogs"><p>If a user has been diving for some time, it is possible that several dives were
logged using other dive log software. This information does not need retyping
because these dive logs can probably be
imported into <em>Subsurface</em>. <em>Subsurface</em> will import dive logs from a range of
other
dive log software. While some software is supported natively, for others the
user has to
export the logbook(s) to an intermediate format so that they can then be imported
by <em>Subsurface</em>.
Currently, <em>Subsurface</em> supports importing CSV log files from several sources.
APD LogViewer, XP5, Sensus and Seabear files are
preconfigured, but because the import is flexible, users can configure their own
imports.
Manually kept log files (e.g. in spreadsheet) can also be imported by
configuring the CSV import.
<em>Subsurface</em> can also import UDDF and UDCF files used by some divelog
software and some dive computers, like the Heinrichs & Weikamp DR5. Finally,
for some divelog software like Mares Dive Organiser it is currently suggested to
import the logbooks first into a webservice like <em>divelogs.de</em> and then import
them from there with
<em>Subsurface</em>, as divelogs.de supports a few additional logbook formats that
<em>Subsurface</em> currently cannot parse.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If the format of other software is supported natively on Subsurface, it should be sufficient to select
either <em>Import→Import log files</em> or <em>File→Open log file</em>. <em>Subsurface</em> supports the data formats
of many dive computers, including Suunto and Shearwater. When importing dives, <em>Subsurface</em>
tries to detect multiple records for
the same dive and merges the information as best as it can. If
there are no time zone issues (or other reasons that would cause the
beginning time of the dives to be significantly different) <em>Subsurface</em>
will not create duplicate entries.</p></div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_using_the_universal_import_dialogue">4.3.1. Using the universal import dialogue</h4>
<div class="paragraph" id="Unified_import"><p>Importing dives from other software is performed through a universal interface
that is activated by selecting <em>Import</em> from the Main Menu, then clicking on
<em>Import Log Files</em>. This brings up the dialogue <strong>A</strong> below.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Import1.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Import dialogue: step 1" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Towards the bottom right is a dropdown selector with a default label
of <em>Dive Log Files</em> which gives access to the different types of direct imports
available, as in dialogue <strong>B</strong>, above. Currently these are:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
XML-formatted dive logs (Divinglog 5.0, MacDive and several other dive log systems)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
UDDF-formatted dive logs (e.g. Kenozoooid)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
UDCF-formatted dive logs
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
JDiveLog
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Suunto Dive Manager (DM3 and DM4)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
CSV (text-based and spreadsheet-based) dive logs.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Selecting the appropriate file in the file list of the dialogue opens
the imported dive log in the <em>Subsurface</em> <strong>Dive List</strong>. Some other formats, not
accessible through the Import dialogue are also supported, as explained below.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_importing_from_mares_dive_organiser_v2_1">4.3.2. Importing from Mares Dive Organiser V2.1</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Since Mares utilise proprietary Windows software not compatible with
multi-platform applications, these dive logs cannot be
directly imported into
<em>Subsurface</em>. Mares dive logs need to be imported using a three-step process,
using <em>www.divelogs.de</em> as a mechanism to extract the dive log information.</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
The dive log data from Mares Dive Organiser need to be exported to the user’s
desktop, using
a <em>.sdf</em> file name extension. Refer to <a href="#Mares_Export">Appendix C</a> for more
information.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Data should then be imported into <em>www.divelogs.de</em>. One needs to create a user
account in
<em>www.divelogs.de</em>, log into that web site, then
select <em>Import Logbook → Dive Organiser</em> from the menu on the left hand side.
The instructions must be carefully followed to transfer the dive information
(in <em>.sdf</em> format) from the Dive Organiser database to <em>www.divelogs.de</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Finally, import the dives
from <em>divelogs.de</em> to <em>Subsurface</em>, using the instructions below.
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_ImportingDivelogsDe">4.3.3. Importing dives from <strong>divelogs.de</strong></h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The import of dive information from <em>divelogs.de</em> is simple, using a single
dialogue box. The <em>Import→Import form Divelogs.de</em> option should be selected
from the Main Menu. This
brings up a dialogue box (see figure on left [<strong>A</strong>] below). Enter a
user-ID and password for <em>divelogs.de</em> into the appropriate fields and then
select
the <em>Download</em> button. Download from <em>divelogs.de</em> starts immediately,
displaying a progress bar in the dialogue box. At the end of the download, the
success status is indicated (see figure on the right [<strong>B</strong>], below). The
<em>Apply</em> button should then be selected, after which the imported dives appear in the
<em>Subsurface</em> <strong>Dive List</strong> panel.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Divelogs1.jpg" alt="FIGURE:Download from Divelogs.de" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_ImportingCSV">4.3.4. Importing dives in CSV format</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Sometimes dive computers export dive information as files with
<em>comma-separated values</em> (.CSV). For example, the APD Inspiration and Evolution
closed circuit rebreather (CCR) systems export dive information in a CSV
formatted file that normally contains information for a single dive only. These
files can easily be imported into <em>Subsurface</em>.
CSV files are normally organised into
a single line that provides the headers of the data columns, followed by the
data, one record per line. CSV files can be opened with a normal text editor.
Following is a highly simplified and shortened example of a CSV file from an
APD rebreather:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> Dive Time (s) Depth (m) pO₂ - Setpoint (Bar) pO₂ - C1 Cell
1 (Bar) Ambient temp. (Celsius)
0 0.0 0.70 0.81 13.1
0 1.2 0.70 0.71 13.1
0 0.0 0.70 0.71 13.1
0 1.2 0.70 0.71 13.2
0 1.2 0.70 0.71 13.1
10 1.6 0.70 0.72 12.7
20 1.6 0.70 0.71 12.6
30 1.7 0.70 0.71 12.6
40 1.8 0.70 0.68 12.5
50 1.6 0.70 0.68 12.5
60 2.4 0.70 0.69 12.5
70 3.5 0.70 0.69 12.4
80 4.2 0.70 0.72 12.5
90 4.0 0.70 0.71 12.4</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Note that each title may comprise more than one word; for instance
<em>Dive Time (s)</em> in the above data example. Before being able to import the data
to <em>Subsurface</em> one first needs to know:</p></div>
<div class="olist loweralpha"><ol class="loweralpha">
<li>
<p>
Which character separates the different columns within a single line of
data? This field separator should be either a comma (,) or a TAB character.
This can be determined by opening the file with a text editor. If it is
comma-delimited, then the comma
characters between the values are clearly visible. If no commas are evident and
the numbers are aligned in columns,
the file is probably TAB-delimited (i.e. it uses a TAB as a field separator, as
in the above example).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Which data columns need to be imported into <em>Subsurface</em>? The Dive Time and
Depth columns are always required. Open the file using a text editor and note
the titles of the columns to be imported and their column positions. For
instance for the above example:
</p>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>Time: column 1
Depth: column 2
Temperature: column 5
pO₂: column 4</code></pre>
</div></div>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Armed with this information, importing the data into <em>Subsurface</em> is
straightforward. Select
<em>Import→Import Log Files</em> from the main menu. In the resulting file
selection menu, select <em>CSV files</em>, after which a common configuration dialog
appears for all the
files with a CSV extension:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Import_CSV1.jpg" alt="FIGURE: CSV download dialogue" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>There are pre-configured definitions for some dive computers, e.g. the APD
rebreathers. If the user’s dive computer is on this list, it should be selected
using the dropdown
box labeled <em>Pre-configured imports</em>. Select the button at the bottom right
to indicate whether the dive data are in metric of imperial units.
Finally <em>OK</em> should be clicked and
the dive will be imported and listed in the <strong>Dive List</strong> tab of <em>Subsurface</em>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If the dive computer is not on the pre-configured list, the user must
select the <em>Field
Separator</em> (TAB or comma) for the particular CSV file, using the appropriate
dropdown list. and indicate which columns in the CSV file
contain which data
variables. For each data column used for import, the user must check the
appropriate check box
and indicate in which column these data are found. For instance, the image above
corresponds to the dialogue that would apply to the CSV data set described above
the image. After completing the column specification, select the <em>OK</em> button
and the dive will be imported and listed in the <strong>Dive List</strong> tab of <em>Subsurface</em>.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_ImportingManualCSV">4.3.5. Importing dives from manually kept CSV file</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If one keeps dive logs in a spreadsheet, there is an option to import
those dives as well. Spreadsheet data, exported as a CSV file, can
be imported to <em>Subsurface</em>. When importing manually
kept log files, the information needed is quite different as we are
importing only metadata, not profile samples.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Similarly to importing dives in CSV format (see above), one needs to
know the internal format
of the CSV data to import.</p></div>
<div class="olist loweralpha"><ol class="loweralpha">
<li>
<p>
Which character separates the different columns within a single line of
data? This
should be either a comma (,), semicolon (;) or a TAB
character, and could be determined by opening the file with a text
editor. If it is comma-delimited, then the comma
characters between the values are clearly visible. If no commas are evident and
the data
are in clear columns, the file
is probably TAB-delimited (i.e. it uses a TAB as a field separator, as in the
above example).
A recommended field separator for the export is tab, as commas might be part of
the
field values themselves. Therefore the use of an appropriate field separator
in very important.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Which columns need to be imported into <em>Subsurface</em>? We do not
currently have any mandatory input fields, but some, e.g. dive duration
are crucial for the log file to make any sense. Possible options
can be seen in the image below and one should include all the
fields available in both your log file and in the <em>Subsurface</em>
import.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Units used for depth, weight and temperature. We consider depth to be
either feet or meters, weight kilograms or pounds and temperature either
Celsius or Fahrenheit. However, the users can select <em>Metric</em> or
<em>Imperial</em> in the <em>Preferences</em> tab of <em>Subsurface</em>. No mixture of unit
systems is allowed for the different fields.
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Importing manually kept CSV log files is quite straight forward, but
there might be many fields and counting the field numbers is error
prone. Therefore validation of the data to be imported is critical.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To import the dives, select <em>Import→Import Log Files</em> from the menu
bar. If the CSV option in the dropdown list is selected and the file list
includes file names ending with .CSV, one can select the
<em>Manual dives</em> tab that will bring up the following configuration dialog:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Import_CSV2.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Download dialog for Manual CSV logs" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The input fields can be configured as appropriate, and when everything is done
the <em>OK</em> button should be selected to perform the import. New dives should
appear in the <strong>Dive List</strong> area of <em>Subsurface</em>.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_Companion">4.4. Importing GPS coordinates with the <em>Subsurface Companion App</em> for mobile phones</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Using the <strong>Subsurface Companion App</strong> on an Android device with a GPS, the coordinates
for the diving
location can be automatically passed to the <em>Subsurface</em>
dive log. The Companion App stores the dive locations on
a dedicated Internet-based file server. <em>Subsurface</em>, in turn, can collect
the localities from the file server.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To do this:</p></div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_create_a_companion_app_account">4.4.1. Create a Companion App account</h4>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Register on the <a href="http://api.hohndel.org/login/"><em>Subsurface companion web page</em></a>.
A confirmation email with instructions and a personal <strong>DIVERID</strong> will be sent,
a long number that gives access to the file server and Companion App capabilities.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Download the app from
<a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.subsurface">Google Play Store</a>
or from
<a href="http://f-droid.org/repository/browse/?fdfilter=subsurface&fdid=org.subsurface">F-Droid</a>.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_using_the_subsurface_companion_app_on_a_smartphone">4.4.2. Using the Subsurface companion app on a smartphone</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>On first use the app has three options:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Create a new account.</em> Equivalent to registering in <em>Subsurface</em> companion
page using an Internet browser. One can request a <strong>DIVERID</strong> using this option,
but this is supplied via email and followed up by interaction with the
<a href="http://api.hohndel.org/login/"><em>Subsurface companion web page</em></a> in order to
activate the account.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Retrieve an account.</em> If users forgot their <strong>DIVERID</strong> they will receive an email
to recover the number.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Use an existing account.</em> Users are prompted for their <strong>DIVERID</strong>. The app saves
this <strong>DIVERID</strong> and does not ask for it again unless one uses the <em>Disconnect</em> menu
option (see below).
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/important.png" alt="Important" />
</td>
<td class="content">In the <em>Subsurface</em> main program, the <strong>DIVERID</strong> should also be entered on the
Default Preferences
panel, obtained by selecting <em>File→Preferences→Defaults</em> from the main menu
in <em>Subsurface</em> itself.
This facilitates synchronisation between <em>Subsurface</em> and the Companion App.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_creating_new_dive_locations">Creating new dive locations</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Now one is ready to get a dive position and
send it to the server. The Android
display will look like the left hand image (<strong>A</strong>) below, but without any dives.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Touch the "+" icon on the top right to add a new dive site, a menu will be
showed with 3 options:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Current: A prompt for a place name (or a request to activate the GPS if it is turned
off) will be displayed, after which the current location is saved.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Use Map: This option allows the user to fix a position by searching a world map. A
world map is shown (see <strong>B</strong> below) on which one should indicate the desired position
with a <em>long press</em> on the touch
sensitive screen (if the marked location is erroneous, simply indicate a new location)
and select the check symbol in the upper right. A dialog is shown allowing to enter the
name of the dive location and the date-time of the dive (see <strong>C</strong> below). In order to import this
dive location in <em>Subsurface</em> it’s advisable to set the time to agree with the time of
that dive on the dive computer.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Companion_5.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Companion App, add location using map" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Import local GPX file: The android device searches for .gpx files and located
archives will be shown. The selected .gpx file is opened and the stored
locations shown. Now one needs to select the appropriate locations, then select the
tab in the upper right, after which the locations will be sent to the web service
and added to the list on the Android device.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_dive_lists_of_dive_locations">Dive lists of dive locations</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The main screen shows a list of dive locations, each with a name, date and
time (see <strong>A</strong> below). Some locations may have an arrow-up icon over the selection box to the left
indicating that they require upload to the server. One
can select individual dive locations from the list. A selected location has a
check mark in the selection box on the left. Group operations (such as <em>Delete</em> or <em>Send</em>)
are performed on several locations that are selected.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Dive locations in this list can be viewed in two ways: a list of locations or a
map indicating the dive locations. The display mode (List or Map) is changed by
selecting <em>Dives</em> at the top left of the screen (see <strong>A</strong> below) and then selecting
the display mode. The display mode can be changed either from the list
of locations or from the map (see <strong>B</strong> below). If one selects a location (on the list
or on the map), an editing
panel opens (see <strong>C</strong> below) where the dive description or other details may be changed.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Companion_4.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Companion App, add location using map" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When one clicks on a dive (<strong>not</strong> selecting the check box), the
name given to it, date/time and GPS coordinates will be shown, with two options at the top
of the screen:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Edit (pencil): Change the text name or other characteristics of the dive location.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Maps: Display a map showing the dive location.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After editing and saving a dive location (see <strong>C</strong> above), one needs to upload it to the web
service, as explained below.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_uploading_dive_locations">Uploading dive locations</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>There are several ways to send locations to the server.
The easiest is by simply
selecting the locations (See <strong>A</strong> below) and then touching the right arrow at the
top right of the screen.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/important.png" alt="Important" />
</td>
<td class="content">Users must be careful, as the trash icon on the right means exactly what it should;
it deletes the selected dive location(s).</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Companion_1.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Screen shots (A-B) of companion app" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After a dive trip using the Companion App, all dive locations are ready to be
downloaded to a <em>Subsurface</em> dive log (see below).</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_settings_on_the_companion_app">Settings on the Companion app</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Selecting the <em>Settings</em> menu option results in the right hand image above (<strong>B</strong>).</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_server_and_account">Server and account</h5>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Web-service URL.</em> This is predefined (<a href="http://api.hohndel.org/">http://api.hohndel.org/</a>)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>User ID.</em> The DIVERID obtained by registering as described above. The easiest way to
obtain it is simply to copy and paste from the confirmation email but, of
course, users can also type this information.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_synchronisation">Synchronisation</h5>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Synchronize on startup.</em> If selected, dive locations in the Android device and those
on the web service synchronise each time the app is started.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Upload new dives.</em> If selected, each time the user adds a dive location it is
automatically sent to the server.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_background_service">Background service</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Instead of entering a unique dive location, users can leave the service running
in the background of their Android device, allowing the continuous collection of GPS locations.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The settings below define the behaviour of the service:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Min duration.</em> In minutes. The app will try to get a location every X minutes
until stopped by the user.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Min distance.</em> In meters. Minimum distance between two locations.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Name template.</em> The name the app will use when saving the locations.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/info.jpg" alt="Tip" />
</td>
<td class="content"><em>How does the background service work?</em> Assuming the user sets 5 minutes and 50
meters in the settings above, the app will start by recording a location at the current
location, followed by another one at every 5 minutes <strong>or</strong> every time one moves 50m
from previous location.
If subsequent locations are within a radius of 50 meters from the previous one,
a new location is not saved. If the user is not moving, only one location is saved,
but if the user is moving, a trace of the route is obtained by saving a
location every 50 meters.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_other">Other</h5>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Mailing List.</em> The mail box for <em>Subsurface</em>. Users can send an email to the
Subsurface mailing list.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Subsurface website.</em> A link to the URL of Subsurface web
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Version.</em> Displays the current version of the Companion App.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_search">Search</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Search the saved dive locations by name or by date and time.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_start_service">Start service</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Initiates the <em>background service</em> following the previously defined settings.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_disconnect">Disconnect</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This is a badly named option that disconnects the app from the server by
resetting the user ID in the app, showing the first screen where an account
can be created, retrieve the ID for an existing account or use the users own
ID. The disconnect option
is useful if a user’s Android device was used to download the dive locations
of another registered diver.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_send_all_locations">Send all locations</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This option sends all locations stored in the Android device to the server.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_downloading_dive_locations_to_the_em_subsurface_em_divelog">4.4.3. Downloading dive locations to the <em>Subsurface</em> divelog</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Download dive(s) from a dive computer or enter them manually into
<em>Subsurface</em> before obtaining the GPS coordinates from the server. The download
dialog can be reached via <em>Ctrl+G</em> or from the <em>Subsurface</em> Main Menu <em>Import
→ Import GPS data from Subsurface Service</em>, resulting in the image on the
left (<strong>A</strong>), below. On first use the DIVERID text box is blank. Provide a
DIVERID, then select the <em>Download</em> button to initiate the download process, after
which the screen on the right (<strong>B</strong>) below appears:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/DownloadGPS.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Downloading Companion app GPS data" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Note that the <em>Apply</em> button is now active. By clicking on it, users can update the locations
of the newly entered or uploaded dives in <em>Subsurface</em> which applies the
coordinates and names entered on the app for all the new dives that match the
date-times of the uploaded GPS localities. If one has entered the name of the dive
location in <em>Subsurface</em> before downloading the GPS coordinates, this name will take
precedence over downloaded one.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Since <em>Subsurface</em> matches GPS locations from the Android device and dive information from the
dive computer based on date-time data, automatic assignment of GPS data to dives is dependent
on agreement of the date-time information between these two devices. Although <em>Subsurface</em> has
a wide range tolerance, it may be unable to identify the appropriate dive if there is
a large difference between the time in the dive computer and that of the Android device,
resulting in no updates.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Similar date-times may not always be possible and there may be many reasons for this (e.g. time zones), or
<em>Subsurface</em> may be unable to decide which is the correct position for a dive (e.g. on repetitive
dives while running <em>background service</em> there may be several locations that would be
included in the time range that fit not only the first dive, but one or more subsequent dives as well).
A workaround for this situation to manually edit the date-time of a dive in the <em>Subsurface</em>
Dive List <strong>before</strong> downloading the GPS data and then to change the date-time back again <strong>after</strong>
downloading GPS data.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/info.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">TIPS:</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Background service</em>, being a very powerful tool, may fill the location list with
many unnecessary locations not corresponding to the exact dive point but reflecting the boat’s route.
Currently these locations are difficult to delete from the server. In some situations it
is therefore prudent to clean up the list on the Android device before sending the dive points to the web
server by simply deleting the inappropriate locations. This might be necessary, for
instance, if one wants to keep the location list clear to see dives in the web service map display (see above).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
It may also make sense to give informative names to the locations sent to the web server, or at least
to use an informative name in the <em>Name Template</em> setting while running the <em>background service</em>,
especially on a dive trip with many dives and dive locations.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_LoadImage">4.5. Adding photographs to dives</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Many (if not most) divers take a camera with them and take photographs
during a dive. One would like to associate each photograph with a specific
dive. <em>Subsurface</em> allows one to load photos into a dive. Photos are superimposed
on the dive profile, from where they can be viewed.</p></div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_loading_photos_and_getting_synchronisation_between_dive_computer_and_camera">4.5.1. Loading photos and getting synchronisation between dive computer and camera</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Left-lick on a dive or on a group of dives on the dive list. Then right-click on this
dive or group of dives and choose the option <em>Load Images</em>:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/LoadImage1.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Load images option" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The system file browser appears. Select the folder and photographs that need
to be loaded into <em>Subsurface</em> and click the <em>Open</em> button.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/LoadImage2.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Load images option" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This brings one to the time synchronisation dialog, shown below. The
critical problem is that the time
synchronisation is not perfect between the dive computer used during a dive,
and the camera used during that same dive. These two devices
often differ by several minutes. If <em>Subsurface</em> can achieve synchronisation,
then the exact times of photographs can be used to position photographs on
the dive profile.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Subsurface</em> achieves this synchronisation in two ways:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Manually</strong>: If the user wrote down the exact camera time at the start of a dive, the
difference in time between the two devices can be determined. Actually, as long as the device
settings for time has not been changed in either device, one could write down the times of
both devices after the dive or even at the end of the day. One can then manually set the time
difference in the <em>Time shift</em> dialog. Towards the top of the dialog is a time setting tool
immediately under the heading <em>Shift times of image(s) by</em>, evident in figure <strong>A</strong> below.
If the camera time is 7 minutes later than that of the dive computer, set the time setting
tool to a value of 00:07. Select either the <em>earlier</em> or <em>later</em> radio button.
In the above example, the <em>earlier</em> option is appropriate, since the photos need to be shifted
7 minutes earlier (camera is 7 minutes ahead of dive computer). Ignore any "AM" or "PM" suffix
in that tool. Click the <em>OK</em> button and synchronisation is achieved.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/LoadImage3b.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Synchronisation dialog" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<strong>By photograph</strong>: There is a very slick way of achieving synchronisation. If one takes a
photograph of the face of the dive computer showing the time, then <em>Subsurface</em> can obtain
the exact time the photograph was taken, using the metadata that the camera stores within
each photo. In order to do this, use the bottom half of the Time shift_ dialog. If one uses
the bottom part, the top part of the dialog is ignored. Click on
the horizontal bar entitled "<em>Select image of divecomputer showing time</em>. This brings up
a file browser with which one can select the photograph of the dive computer. Select the
photograph using the file browser and click on <em>OK</em>. This photograph of the dive computer
appears in the bottom panel of the <em>Shift times</em> dialog. Now <em>Subsurface</em> knows exactly
when the photograph has been taken. Now set the date-time dialog to the left of the photo
so that this tool reflects the date and time of the dive computer in the photo. When the
date-time tool has been set, <em>Subsurface</em> knows exactly what the time difference between
camera and dive computer is, and synchronisation is achieved. There is a
photograph with the face of the dive computer and with the date-time tool set to the
date-time on image <strong>B</strong> above.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If the timestamp of a photograph is long before or after the dive, it is not placed on
the dive profile. If the timestamp of the photo is within 30 minutes of the dive, it is shown.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_viewing_the_photos">4.5.2. Viewing the photos</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In order to view the photos added to a dive, activate the <em>show-photos</em> button in the tool bar
to the left of the dive profile:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:left;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/icons/ShowPhotos.png" alt="FIGURE:Show photos toolbar button" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After the images have been loaded, they appear in two places:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
the <em>Photos</em> tab of the <strong>Dive Notes</strong> panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
as tiny icons (stubs) on the dive profile at the appropriate positions reflecting the time
each photograph was taken. See below:
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/LoadImage4.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Photos on dive profile" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If one hovers with the mouse over any of the photo icons, then a thumbnail photo
is shown of the appropriate photo. See the image below:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/LoadImage5.jpg" alt="FIGURE:Thumbnail photo on dive profile" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Clicking on the thumbnail brings up a full size
photo overlaid on the <em>Subsurface</em> window. This allows good viewing of
the photographs that have been added (see the image below). Note that the thumbnail
has a small dustbin icon in the bottom right hand corner (see image above). If one selects
the dustbin, the image is removed from the dive. Therefore some care
is required when clicking on a thumbnail. Images
can also be deleted using the <em>Photos</em> tab (see text below).</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/LoadImage6.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Full-screen photo on dive profile" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_the_em_photos_em_tab">4.5.3. The <em>Photos</em> tab</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Photographs associated with a dive are shown as thumbnails in the <em>Photos</em> tab of the <em>Dive Notes</em>
panel. Photos taken in rapid succession during a dive (therefore sometimes with large
overlap on the dive profile) can easily be accessed in the <em>Photos</em> tab. This tab serves as
a tool for individually accessing the photos of a dive, while the stubs on the dive profile
give an indication of when during a dive a photo was taken. By single-clicking on a thumbnail in
the <em>Photos</em> panel, a photo is selected. By double-clicking a thumbnail, the full-sized image is
shown, overlaying the <em>Subsurface</em> window. A photo can be deleted from the <em>Photos</em> panel by selecting
it (single-click) and then by pressing the <em>Del</em> key on the keyboard. This removes the photo both
from the <em>Photos</em> tab as well as the dive profile.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_photos_on_an_external_hard_disk">4.5.4. Photos on an external hard disk</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Most underwater photographers store their photos on an external drive. If such a drive can be mapped
(almost always the case) the photos can be directly accessed by <em>Subsurface</em>. This facilitates the interaction
between <em>Subsurface</em> and an external repository of photos. When associating a dive profile with photos from an
external drive, the normal procedure of selection and synchronisation (see text above) is used.
However, after the external drive has been disconnected, <em>Subsurface</em> cannot access these photos any more.
If the display of photos is activated (using the toolbox to the left of the <em>Dive Profile</em>), the
program only shows a small white dot where each photo should be on the dive profile.
In addition the <em>Photos</em> tab only shows the file names of the photos. This is normal behaviour.
If, later, the external drive with the photos is connected again, the photos can be seen in the normal way.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_obtaining_more_information_about_dives_entered_into_the_logbook">5. Obtaining more information about dives entered into the logbook</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_the_strong_dive_info_strong_tab_for_individual_dives">5.1. The <strong>Dive Info</strong> tab (for individual dives)</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The Dive Info tab gives some summary information about a particular dive that
has been selected in the <strong>Dive List</strong>. Useful information here includes the
surface interval before the dive, the maximum and mean depths of the dive, the
gas volume consumed, the surface air consumption (SAC) and the number of oxygen
toxicity units (OTU) incurred.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/info.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Gas consumption and SAC calculations:
<em>Subsurface</em> calculates SAC and Gas consumption taking in account gas
incompressibility, particularly at tank pressures above 200 bar, making them more accurate.
Users should refer to <a href="#SAC_CALCULATION">Appendix D</a> for more information.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_the_strong_stats_strong_tab_for_groups_of_dives">5.2. The <strong>Stats</strong> tab (for groups of dives)</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The Stats tab gives summary statistics for more than one dive, assuming that
more than one dive has been selected in the <strong>Dive List</strong> using the standard
Ctrl-click or Shift-click of the mouse. If only one
dive has been selected, figures pertaining to only that dive are given. This tab
shows the number of dives selected, the total amount of dive time in these
dives,
as well as the minimum, maximum and mean for the dive duration,
water temperature and surface air consumption (SAC). It also shows the depth of the
shallowest and deepest dives of those selected.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_DiveProfile">5.3. The <strong>Dive Profile</strong></h3>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Profile2.jpg" alt="Typical dive profile" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Of all the panels in <em>Subsurface</em>, the Dive Profile contains the most detailed
information about each dive. The Dive Profile has a <strong>button bar</strong> on the left hand side
that allows control over several display options. The functions of these
buttons are described below. The main item in the Dive
Profile is the graph of
dive depth as a function of time. In addition to the obvious information of
the depth it also shows the ascent and descent rates compared to the recommended
speed of going up or down in the water column. This information is given using
different colours:</p></div>
<div class="tableblock">
<table rules="all"
width="100%"
frame="border"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4">
<col width="33%" />
<col width="33%" />
<col width="33%" />
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table"><strong>Colour</strong></p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table"><strong>Descent speed (m/min)</strong></p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table"><strong>Ascent speed (m/min)</strong></p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Red</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">> 30</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">> 18</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Orange</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">18 - 30</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">9 - 18</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Yellow</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">9 - 18</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">4 - 9</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Light green</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">1.5 - 9</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">1.5 - 4</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Dark green</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">< 1.5</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">< 1.5</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The profile also includes depth readings for the peaks and troughs in the graph.
Thus, users should see the depth of the deepest point and other peaks. Mean depth
is marked with a horizontal red line.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/scale.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">In some cases the dive profile does not fill the whole area of the <strong>Dive Profile</strong>
panel. Clicking the <strong>Scale</strong> button in the toolbar on the left of the dive profile
frequently increases the size of the dive profile to fill the area of the panel efficiently.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Water temperature</strong> is displayed with its own blue line with temperature values
placed adjacent to significant changes.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The dive profile can include graphs of the <strong>partial pressures</strong>
of O2, N2, and He during the dive (see figure above) as well as a calculated and dive computer
reported deco ceilings (only visible for deep, long, or repetitive dives). Partial pressures of oxygen are indicated in green, those of nitrogen in black, and those of helium in dark red. These
partial pressure graphs are shown below the profile data.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/O2.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Clicking this button allows display of the partial pressure of <strong>oxygen</strong> during the
dive. This is depicted below the dive depth and water temperature graphs.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/N2.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Clicking this button allows display of the partial pressure of <strong>nitrogen</strong> during the dive.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/He.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Clicking this button allows display of the partial pressure of <strong>helium</strong> during the dive.
This is only of importance to divers using Trimix, Helitrox or similar breathing gasses.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <strong>air consumption</strong> graph displays the tank pressure and its change during the
dive. The air consumption takes depth into account so that even when manually
entering the start and end pressures the graph is not a straight line.
Similarly to the depth graph the slope of the tank pressure gives the user information
about the
momentary SAC rate (Surface Air Consumption) when using an air integrated dive computer.
Here the colour
coding is not relative to some absolute values but relative to the average
normalised air consumption during the dive. So areas that are red or orange
indicate
times of increased normalized air consumption while dark green reflects times
when the diver was using less gas than average.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/Heartbutton.png" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Clicking on the heart rate button will allow the display of heart rate information
during the dive if the dive computer was attached to a heart rate sensor.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>It is possible to <strong>zoom</strong> into the profile graph. This is done either by using
the scroll wheel / scroll gesture of your mouse or trackpad. By default
<em>Subsurface</em> always shows a profile area large enough for at least 30 minutes
and 30m
(100ft) – this way short or shallow dives are intuitively recognizable;
something
that free divers clearly won’t care about.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/MeasuringBar.png" alt="FIGURE: Measuring Bar" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/ruler.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Measurements of <strong>depth or time differences</strong> can be achieved by using the
<strong>ruler button</strong> on the left of the dive profile panel.
The measurement is done by dragging the red dots to the two points
on the dive profile that the user wishes to measure. Information is then given
in the horizontal white area underneath the
two red dots.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/ShowPhotos.png" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Photographs that have been added to a dive can be shown on the profile
by selecting
the <strong>Show-photo</strong> button. The position of a photo on the profile
indicates the exact time when this photo was taken. If this button is not active,
the photos are hidden.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The profile can also include the dive computer reported <strong>ceiling</strong> (more
precisely, the deepest deco stop that the dive computer calculated for each
particular moment in time) as a red overlay on the dive profile. Ascent ceilings
arise when a direct ascent to the surface increases
the risk of a diver suffering from decompression sickness (DCS) and it is necessary
to either ascend
slower or to perform decompression stop(s) before ascending to the surface. Not
all dive computers record this information and make it available for download;
for example all of the Suunto dive computers fail to make this very useful data
available to divelog software. <em>Subsurface</em> also calculates ceilings independently,
shown as a green overlay on the dive profile.
Because of the differences in algorithms used
and amount of data available (and other factors taken into consideration at the time
of the calculation) it is unlikely that ceilings from dive computers and from <em>Subsurface</em>
are the same, even if the same algorithm and <em>gradient factors</em> (see below) are used.
It is also quite common that <em>Subsurface</em> calculates a ceiling for
non-decompression dives when the dive computer stayed in non-deco mode during
the whole dive (represented by the <span class="green">dark green</span> section in the profile
at the beginning of this section). This is caused by the fact that
<em>Subsurface’s</em>
calculations describe the deco obligation at each moment during a dive,
while dive computers usually take the upcoming ascent into account. During the
ascent some excess nitrogen (and possibly helium) are already breathed off so
even
though the diver technically encountered a ceiling at depth, the dive still does
not require an explicit deco stop. This feature allows dive computers to offer
longer non-stop bottom times.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/cceiling.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">If the dive computer itself calculates a ceiling and makes it available to
<em>Subsurface</em> during upload of dives, this can be
shown as a red area by checking <strong>Dive computer reported ceiling</strong> button on the Profile Panel.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/ceiling1.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">If the <strong>Calculated ceiling</strong> button on the Profile Panel is clicked, then a ceiling,
calculated by <em>Subsurface</em>, is shown in green if it exists for
a particular dive (<strong>A</strong> in figure below). This setting can be modified in two ways:</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/ceiling2.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">If, in addition, the <strong>show all tissues</strong> button on the Profile Panel is clicked, the ceiling is shown for the tissue
compartments following the Bühlmann model (<strong>B</strong> in figure below).</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/ceiling3.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">If, in addition, the <strong>3m increments</strong> button on the Profile Panel is clicked, then the ceiling is indicated in 3 m increments
(<strong>C</strong> in figure below).</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Ceilings2.jpg" alt="Figure: Ceiling with 3m resolution" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Gradient Factor settings strongly affect the calculated ceilings and their depths.
For more information about Gradient factors, see the section on <a href="#S_GradientFactors">Gradient Factor Preference settings</a>. The
currently used gradient factors (e.g. GF 35/75) are shown above the depth profile if the appropriate toolbar buttons are activated.
<strong>N.B.:</strong> The indicated gradient factors are NOT the gradient factors in use by the dive computer,
but those used by <em>Subsurface</em> to calculate deco obligations
during the dive. For more information external to this manual see:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<a href="http://www.tek-dive.com/portal/upload/M-Values.pdf">Understanding M-values by Erik Baker, <em>Immersed</em> Vol. 3, No. 3.</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="http://www.rebreatherworld.com/general-and-new-to-rebreather-articles/5037-gradient-factors-for-dummies.html">Gradient factors for dummies, by Kevin Watts</a>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_the_dive_profile_context_menu">5.4. The Dive Profile context menu</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The context menu for the Dive Profile is accessed by right-clicking while the
mouse cursor is over the Dive Profile panel. The menu allows the creation of
Bookmarks or Gas Change Event markers other than the ones that might have been
imported from a Dive Computer. Markers are placed against the depth profile line
and with the time of the event set by where the mouse cursor was when the right
mouse button was initially clicked to bring up the menu. Gas Change events
open a further selection of which gas is being switched to, the list based on
the available gases defined in the Equipment Tab. By right-clicking while over
an existing marker, the menu extends adding options to allow deletion of the
marker or to allow all markers of that type to be hidden. Hidden events can be
restored to view by selecting Unhide all events from the context menu.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_the_strong_information_box_strong">5.5. The <strong>Information Box</strong></h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The Information box displays a large range of information pertaining to the dive
profile. Normally the Information Box is located to the top left of the <strong>Dive
Profile</strong> panel. If the mouse points outside of the <strong>Dive Profile</strong> panel, then
only the top line of the Information Box is visible (see left-hand part of
figure (<strong>A</strong>) below). The Information Box can be moved around in the <strong>Dive Profile</strong>
panel by click-dragging it with the mouse so that it is not obstructing
important detail. The position of the Information Box is saved and used again
during subsequent dive analyses.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/InfoBox2.jpg" alt="Figure: Information Box" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The moment the mouse points inside the <strong>Dive Profile</strong> panel, the information box expands and
shows many data items. In this situation, the data reflect the time point along
the dive profile indicated by the mouse cursor (see right-hand part of figure (<strong>B</strong>) above
where the Information Box reflects the situation at the position of the cursor
[arrow] in that image). Therefore, moving the cursor in the horizontal
direction allows the Information Box to show information for any point along the
dive profile.
In this mode, the Information Box gives extensive statistics about depth, gas
and ceiling characteristics of the particular dive. These include: Time period
into the dive (indicated by a @), depth, cylinder pressure (P), temperature,
ascent/descent rate, surface air consumption (SAC), oxygen partial pressure,
maximum operating depth, equivalent air depth (EAD), equivalent narcotic depth
(END), equivalent air density depth (EADD), decompression requirements at that
instant in time (Deco), time to surface (TTS), the calculated ceiling, as well
as the calculated ceiling for several Bühlmann tissue compartments.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The user has control over the display of several statistics, represented as four
buttons on the left of the profile panel. These are:</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/MOD.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Clicking this button causes the Information Box to display the <strong>Maximum Operating Depth
(MOD)</strong> of the dive, given the
gas mixture used. MOD is dependent on the oxygen concentration in the breathing gas.
For air (21% oxygen) it is around 57 m. Below the MOD there is a markedly increased
risk of exposure to the dangers associated with oxygen toxicity.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/NDL.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Clicking this button causes the Information Box to display the <strong>No-deco Limit (NDL)</strong> or the
<strong>Total Time to Surface (TTS)</strong>. NDL is the time duration that a diver can continue with a
dive, given the present depth, that does not require decompression (that is, before an
ascent ceiling appears). Once one has exceeded the NDL and decompression is required (that
is, there is an ascent ceiling above the diver, then TTS gives the number of minutes
required before the diver can surface. TTS includes ascent time as well as decompression
time.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/SAC.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Clicking this button causes the Information Box to display the <strong>Surface Air Consumption (SAC)</strong>.
SAC is an indication of the surface-normalised respiration rate of a diver. The value of SAC
is less than the real
respiration rate because a diver at 10m uses breathing gas at a rate roughly double that of
the equivalent rate at the surface. SAC gives an indication of breathing gas consumption rate
independent of the depth of the dive so that the respiratory rates of different dives
can be compared. The units for SAC is litres/min or cub ft/min.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/EAD.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Clicking this button displays the <strong>Equivalent Air Depth (EAD)</strong> for
nitrox dives as well as the <strong>Equivalent
Narcotic Depth (END)</strong> for trimix dives. These are numbers of
importance to divers who use breathing gases other than air. Their
values are dependent on the composition of the breathing gas. The EAD
is the depth of a hypothetical air dive that has the same partial
pressure of nitrogen as the current depth of the nitrox dive at
hand. A nitrox dive leads to the same decompression obligation as an
air dive to the depth equalling the EAD. The END is the depth of a
hypothetical air dive that has the same sum of partial pressures of
the narcotic gases nitrogen and oxygen as the current trimix dive. A
trimix diver can expect the same narcotic effect as a diver breathing
air diving at a depth equalling the END.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Figure (<strong>B</strong>) above shows an information box with a nearly complete set of data.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_organising_the_logbook_manipulating_groups_of_dives">6. Organising the logbook (Manipulating groups of dives)</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_the_dive_list_context_menu">6.1. The Dive List context menu</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Many actions within <em>Subsurface</em> are dependent on a context menu used
mostly to manipulate groups of dives. The context menu is found by selecting
a dive or a group of dives and then right-clicking.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/ContextMenu.jpg" alt="Figure: Context Menu" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The context menu is used in many manipulations described below.</p></div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_customising_the_information_showed_in_the_strong_dive_list_strong_panel">6.1.1. Customising the information showed in the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel</h4>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:left;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/DiveListOptions.jpg" alt="Example: Dive list info options" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The default information in the <strong>Dive List</strong> includes, for each dive, Dive_number, Date, Rating, Dive_depth,
Dive_duration and Dive_location. This information can be contolled and changed by right-clicking on the
header bar of the <strong>Dive List</strong>. For instance, a right-click on the <em>Date</em> header brings up a list of items
that can be shown in the dive list (see above). Select an item to be shown in the <strong>Dive List</strong> or to be
deleted from the dive list, and the list is immediately updated accordingly. Preferences for information
shown in the <strong>Dive List</strong> is saved and used when <em>Subsurface</em> is re-opened.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_selecting_dives_from_a_particular_dive_site">6.1.2. Selecting dives from a particular dive site</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Many divers have long dive lists and it may be difficult to locate all the dives at a particular site.
By pressing <em>Ctl-F</em> on the keyboard, a text box is opened at the top left hand of the <strong>Dive List</strong>.
Type the name of a dive site in this text box and the <strong>Dive List</strong> is immediately filtered to
show only the dives for that site.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_Renumber">6.2. Renumbering the dives</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Dives are normally numbered incrementally from non-recent dives (low sequence
numbers) to recent dives (having the highest sequence numbers). The numbering
of the dives is not always consistent. For instance, when non-recent dives are
added to the dive list the numbering does not automatically follow on because
of the dives that are more recent in date/time than the newly-added dive with
an older date/time. Therefore, one may sometimes need to renumber the dives.
This is performed by selecting (from the Main Menu) <em>Log → Renumber</em>. Users are
given a choice with respect to the lowest sequence number to be used.
Completing this operation results in new sequence numbers (based on date/time)
for the dives in the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_Group">6.3. Grouping dives into trips and manipulating trips</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For regular divers, the dive list can rapidly become very long. <em>Subsurface</em>
can group dives into <em>trips</em>. It performs this by grouping dives that have
date/times that are not separated in time by more than two days, thus creating
a single heading for each diving trip represented in the dive log. Below is an
ungrouped dive list (<strong>A</strong>, on the left) as well as the corresponding grouped dive
list comprising five dive trips (<strong>B</strong>, on the right):</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Group2.jpg" alt="Figure: Grouping dives" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Grouping into trips allows a rapid way of accessing individual dives without
having to scan a long lists of dives. In order to group the dives in a dive list,
(from the Main Menu) users must select <em>Log → Autogroup</em>. The <strong>Dive List</strong> panel
now shows only the titles for the trips.</p></div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_editing_the_title_and_associated_information_for_a_particular_trip">6.3.1. Editing the title and associated information for a particular trip</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Normally, in the dive list, minimal information is included in the trip title.
More information about a trip can be added by selecting its trip title from
the <strong>Dive List</strong>. This shows a <strong>Trip Notes</strong> tab in the <strong>Dive Notes</strong> panel. Here
users can add or edit information about the date/time, the trip location and any
other general comments about the trip as a whole (e.g. the dive company that was
dived with, the general weather and surface conditions during the trip, etc.).
After entering this
information, users should select <strong>Save</strong> from the buttons at the top right
of the <strong>Trip Notes</strong>
tab. The trip title in the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel should now reflect some of the
edited information.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_viewing_the_dives_during_a_particular_trip">6.3.2. Viewing the dives during a particular trip</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Once the dives have been grouped into trips, users can expand one or more
trips by clicking the arrow-head on the left of each trip title. This expands
the selected trip, revealing the individual dives performed during the trip.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_collapsing_or_expanding_dive_information_for_different_trips">6.3.3. Collapsing or expanding dive information for different trips</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If a user right-clicks after selecting a particular trip in the dive list, the
resulting context menu allows several possibilities to expand or collapse dives
within trips. This includes expanding all trips, collapsing all trips and
collapsing all trips except the selected one.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_merging_dives_from_more_than_one_trip_into_a_single_trip">6.3.4. Merging dives from more than one trip into a single trip</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>By right-clicking on a selected trip title in the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel, a
context menu shows up that allows the merging of trips by either merging of the selected trip
with the trip below or with the trip above.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_splitting_a_single_trip_into_more_than_one_trip">6.3.5. Splitting a single trip into more than one trip</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If a trip includes five dives, the user can split this trip into two trips (trip 1:
top 3 dives; trip 2: bottom 2 dives) by selecting and right-clicking the top
three dives. The resulting context menu allows the user to create a new trip by
choosing the option <strong>Create new trip above</strong>. The top three dives are then
grouped
into a separate trip. The figures below shows the selection and context menu
on the left (A) and
the completed action on the right (B):</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/SplitDive3a.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Split a trip into 2 trips" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_manipulating_single_dives">6.4. Manipulating single dives</h3>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_delete_a_dive_from_the_dive_log">6.4.1. Delete a dive from the dive log</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Dives can be permanently deleted from the dive log by selecting and
right-clicking them to bring up the context menu, and then selecting <strong>Delete
dive(s)</strong>. Typically this would apply to a case where a user wishes to delete
workshop
calibration dives of the dive computer or dives of extremely short duration.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_unlink_a_dive_from_a_trip">6.4.2. Unlink a dive from a trip</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Users can unlink dives from the trip to which they belong. In order to do this,
select and right-click
the relevant dives to bring up the context menu. Then select the option <strong>Remove dive(s)
from trip</strong>. The dive(s) now appear immediately above the trip to
which they belonged.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_add_a_dive_to_the_trip_immediately_above">6.4.3. Add a dive to the trip immediately above</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Selected dives can be moved from the trip to which they belong and placed within
the trip immediately above the currently active trip. To do this, select
and right-click
the dive(s) to bring up the context menu, and then select <strong>Add dive(s) to trip
immediately above</strong>.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_shift_the_start_time_of_dive_s">6.4.4. Shift the start time of dive(s)</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Sometimes it is necessary to adjust the start time of a dive. This may apply to
situations where dives are performed in different time zones or when the dive
computer has an erroneous time. In order to do this, user must select and right-click
the dive(s) to be
adjusted. This action brings up the context menu on which the <strong>Shift times</strong>
option should be selected. User must then specify the
time
(in hours and minutes) by which the dives should be adjusted and click on the
option indicating whether the time adjustment should be forwards or backwards.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_merge_dives_into_a_single_dive">6.4.5. Merge dives into a single dive</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Sometimes a dive is briefly interrupted, e.g. if a diver returns to the surface
for a few minutes, resulting in two or more dives being recorded by the dive
computer and appearing as different dives in the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel. Users can
merge these dives onto a single dive by selecting the appropriate dives,
right-clicking them to bring up the context menu and then selecting <strong>Merge selected
dives</strong>. It may be necessary to edit the dive information in the <strong>Dive Notes</strong>
panel to reflect events or conditions that apply to the merged dive. The figure
below shows the depth profile of two such dives that were merged:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/MergedDive.png" alt="Example: Merged dive" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_ExportLog">7. Exporting the dive log or parts of the dive log</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>The export function can be reached by selecting <em>File → Export</em>, which brings up
the Export dialog. This dialog always gives two options: save ALL dives, or save only
the dives selected in <strong>Dive List</strong> panel of <em>Subsurface</em>. Click the appropriate
radio button (see images below).</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Export.jpg" alt="Figure: Export dialog" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>A dive log or part of it can be saved in three formats:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Subsurface XML</em> format. This is the native format used by <em>Subsurface</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Universal Dive Data Format (<em>UDDF</em>). Refer to <em>http://uddf.org</em> for more information.
UDDF is a generic format that enables communication among many dive computers
and computer programs.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Divelogs.de</em>, an Internet-based dive log repository. In order to upload to <em>Divelogs.de</em>,
one needs a user-ID as well as a password for <em>Divelogs.de</em>. Log into <em>http://en.divelogs.de</em>
and subscribe to this service in order to upload dive log data from <em>Subsurface</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>CSV</em> format, that includes the most critical information of the dive
profile. Included information of a dive is: dive number, date, time,
duration, depth, temperature and pressure.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Worldmap</em> format, an HTML file with a world map upon which each dive and
some information about it are indicated. This map is not editable.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>HTML</em> format, in which the dive(s) are stored in HTML files, readable
with an Internet browser. Most modern web browsers are supported, but Javascript
must be enabled. This generated HTML file is not intended to be edited
by the users.
The HTML dive log contains most of the information and also contains a search
option to search the dive log. HTML export is specified on the second tab of the
Export dialog (image <strong>B</strong> above).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>General Settings</em>, under the HTML tab, provides the following options:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Subsurface Numbers: if this option is checked, the dive(s) are exported with the
numbers associated with them in Subsurface, Otherwise the dive(s) will be numbered
starting from 1.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Minimum Javascript: This will minimize the Javascript produced with the file,
some functionality will be lost.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Export List only: a list of dives will only be exported and the detailed dive
information will not be available.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Under <em>Style Options</em> some style-related options are available like font
size and theme.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Export to other formats can be achieved through third party facilities, for
instance <em>www.divelogs.de</em>.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_Cloud_access">8. Keeping a <em>Subsurface</em> dive log in the Cloud</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>For each diver, dive log information is highly important. Not only is it a record
of diving activities for one’s own pleasure, but it is important information required
for admission to further training courses or (sometimes) even diving sites. The
security of the dive log is therefore critical. In order to have a dive log that is
resistant to failure of a home computer hard drive, loss or theft of equipment, the
Cloud is an obvious solution. This also has the added benefit that one can access one’s dive
log from anywhere in the world without having to carry it with oneself. For this
reason, facilities such as <em>divelogs.de</em> and <em>Diving Log</em> offer facilities to store
dive log information on the Internet. Although <em>Subsurface</em> does not offer integrated
Cloud storage of dive logs, it is simple to achieve this using several of the
existing facilities on the Internet.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For instance
<a href="http://www.dropbox.com/"><em>Dropbox</em></a>
offers a free application that allows
files on the Dropbox servers to be seen as a local folder on one’s desktop computer.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Cloud.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Dropbox folder" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <em>Dropbox</em> program creates a copy of the <em>Dropbox</em> Internet Cloud content on one’s
desktop computer. When the computer is connected to the Internet, the Internet
content is automatically updated. Therefore both the <em>Open</em> and <em>Save</em> of dive logs are done
using the local copy of the dive log in the local <em>Dropbox</em> folder, so there’s no need
for a direct internet connection. If the local copy is modified, e.g. by adding a dive,
the remote copy in the <em>Dropbox</em> server in the Cloud will be automatically updated whenever
Internet access is available.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In this way a dive log in
one’s <em>Dropbox</em> folder can be accessed seamlessly from the Internet and can
be accessed from any place with Internet access. Currently there are no costs
involved for this service. Dropbox (Windows, Mac
and Linux) can be installed by accessing the
<a href="http://www.dropbox.com/install"><em>Install Page on the Dropbox website</em></a>
. Alternatively one can use <em>Dropbox</em> as a mechanism to backup one’s dive log. To
Store a dive log in the Cloud, select <em>File→Save as</em> from the <em>Subsurface</em> main menu,
navigate to the <em>Dropbox</em> folder and select the <em>Save</em> button. To access the dive log
in the Cloud, select <em>File→Open Logbook</em> from the <em>Subsurface</em>
main menu and navigate to the dive log file in the <em>Dropbox</em> folder and select the
<em>Open</em> button.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Several paid services exist on the Internet (e.g. Google, Amazon) where the same
process could be used for the Cloud-based storage of dive logs.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_PrintDivelog">9. Printing a dive log</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Subsurface</em> provides a simple interface to print a whole dive log or only a
few selected dives, including dive profiles and other contextual information.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Before printing, two decisions are required:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Should the whole dive log be printed or only part of it? If only part of the
dive log is required, then the user must select the required dives from the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
What gas partial pressure information is required on the dive profile? Users should select
the appropriate toggle-buttons on the button bar to the left of the Dive Profile panel.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Now the print options should be selected to match the user’s needs. To do this, user should select <em>File→Print</em> from
the Main menu. The following dialogue appears (see the image on the left [A],
below).</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/PrintDiveLog.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Print dialogue" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Under <em>Print type</em> users need to select one of three options:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Print the complete Dive List: to do this, <em>Table Print</em> should be selected.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Print the selected dives (dive profiles and all other information) at 6
dives per printed page: to do this, users should select <em>6 dives per page</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Print the selected dives (dive profiles and all other information) at 2
dives per printed page: to do this, users should select <em>2 dives per page</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Print the selected dives (dive profiles and all other information) at 1
dive per printed page: to do this, users should select <em>1 dive per page</em>.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Under <em>Print options</em> users need to select:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Printing only the dives that have been selected from the dive list prior to
activating the print dialogue, achieved by checking the box <em>Print only
selected dives</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Printing in colour, achieved by checking the box with <em>Print in colour</em>.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <em>Ordering</em> affects the layout of the page (or part of it) for each dive.
The dive profile could be printed at the top of each dive, with the textual
information underneath, or it could be printed with the textual information at
the top with the dive profile underneath. Users should select the appropriate option in the
print dialogue. See the image below which has a layout with
text below the dive profile.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Users can <em>Preview</em> the printed page by selecting the <em>Preview</em> button on the
dialogue. After preview, changes to the options in the print dialogue can be
made, resulting in a layout that fits personal taste.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Next, select the <em>Print</em> button in the dialogue. This activates the regular print
dialogue used by the user operating system (image [<strong>B</strong>] in the middle, above),
allowing them to choose a printer and to set its properties (image [<strong>C</strong>] on the right,
above).
It is important to set the print resolution of the printer to an appropriate value by
changing
the printer properties. Finally, one can print the dives. Below is a (rather small)
example of
the output for one particular page.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Printpreview.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Print preview page" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_Preferences">10. Setting user <em>Preferences</em> for <em>Subsurface</em></h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>There are several settings within <em>Subsurface</em> that the user can specify. These
are found when selecting <em>File→Preferences</em>. The settings are performed in
five groups: <strong>Defaults</strong>, <strong>Units</strong>, <strong>Graph</strong>, <strong>Language</strong> and <strong>Network</strong>. All five sections
operate on the same principles: the user must specify the settings that are to be changed, then
these changes are saved using the <strong>Apply</strong> button. After applying all the new settings users can then
leave the settings panel by selecting <strong>OK</strong>.</p></div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_defaults">10.1. Defaults</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>There are several settings in the <strong>Defaults</strong> panel:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Pref1.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Preferences defaults page" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Lists and tables</strong>: Here one can specify the font type and font size of the
<strong>Dive Table</strong> panel. By decreasing the font size of the <strong>Dive Table</strong>, users can see more dives on a screen.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Dives</strong>: For the <em>Default Dive File</em> one need to specify the directory and
file name of one’s
electronic dive log book. This is a file with filename extension .xml. When
launched, <em>Subsurface</em> will automatically load the specified dive log book.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Display invalid</strong>: Dives can be marked as invalid (when a user wishes to hide
dives that he/she don’t consider valid dives, e.g. pool dives, but still want to
keep them in the dive log). This controls whether those dives are displayed in
the dive list.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Default cylinder</strong>: Here users can specify the default cylinder listed in
the <strong>Equipment</strong> tab of the <strong>Dive Notes</strong> panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Animations</strong>: Some actions in showing the dive profile are performed using
animations. For instance, the axis values for depth and time change from dive to
dive. When viewing a different dive, these changes in axis characteristics do not
happen instantaneously, but are animated. The <em>Speed</em> of animations can be controlled
by setting this slider
with faster animation speed to the left, with a 0 value representing no animation
at all.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Subsurface web service</strong>: When one subscribes to the <a href="#S_Companion">Subsurface web service</a>, a very
long and hard-to-remember userID is issued. This is the place to save that userID. By
checking the option <em>Save User ID locally?</em>, one ensures that a local copy of that userID
is saved.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Clear all settings</strong>: As indicated in the button below this heading, all settings are
cleared and set to default values.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_units">10.2. Units</h3>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Pref2.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Preferences Units page" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Here user can choose between metric and imperial units of depth, pressure,
volume, temperature and mass. By selecting the Metric or Imperial radio button
at the top, users can specify that all units are in the chosen measurement system.
Alternatively, if one selects the <strong>Personalise</strong> radio button, units can be selected
independently, with some units in the metric system and others in imperial.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_graph">10.3. Graph</h3>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Pref3.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Preferences Graph page" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph" id="S_GradientFactors"><p>This panel allows two type of selections:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Show</strong>: Here users can specify the amount of information shown as part of
the dive profile:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Thresholds: <em>Subsurface</em> can display the nitrogen, oxygen and the helium partial pressures during
the dive. These are enabled using the toolbar on the left hand side of the <strong>Dive Profile</strong>
panel. For each of these graphs users can specify a threshold value on the right-hand side of the
Preferences panel. If any of the graphs go above this threshold level, the graph is
highlighted in red, indicating that the threshold has been exceeded.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Draw dive computer reported ceiling red</em>: This checkbox allows exactly what it says.
Not all dive computers report ceiling values. If the dive computer does report it, it may differ
from the ceilings calculated by <em>Subsurface</em>. This is because of the different algorithms and gradient factors available for calculating ceilings, as well as the dynamic way that a
dive computer can calculate ceilings during a dive.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Show unused cylinders in Equipment Tab</em>: This checkbox allows display of information about unused cylinders when viewing the <strong>Equipment Tab</strong>. Conversely, if this box is not checked, and any cylinders entered using the <strong>Equipment Tab</strong> are not used (e.g. there was no gas switch to such a cylinder), then these cylinders are omitted from that list.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Show average depth</em>: Activating this checkbox causes <em>Subsurface</em> to draw a red line across
the dive profile, indicating the mean depth of the dive.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Misc</strong>:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Gradient Factors:* Here users can set the <em>gradient factors</em> used while diving. GF_Low is
the gradient factor at depth and GF_High is used just below the surface.
At intermediate depths gradient factors between GF_Low and GF_High are used.
Gradient factors add conservatism to the nitrogen exposure during a dive, in a
similar way that many dive computers have a conservatism setting. The lower
the value of a gradient factor, the more conservative the calculations are with
respect to nitrogen loading and the deeper the ascent ceilings are. Gradient
factors of 20/60 are considered conservative and values of 60/90 are considered
harsh. Checking <strong>GFLow at max depth</strong> box causes GF_Low to be used at the
deepest depth of a dive. If this box is not checked, GF_Low is applied at
all depths deeper than the first deco stop. For more information see:
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="http://www.tek-dive.com/portal/upload/M-Values.pdf">Understanding M-values by Erik Baker, <em>Immersed</em> Vol. 3, No. 3.</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="http://www.rebreatherworld.com/general-and-new-to-rebreather-articles/5037-gradient-factors-for-dummies.html">Gradient factors for dummies, by Kevin Watts</a>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_language">10.4. Language</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Choose a language that <em>Subsurface</em> will use.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Pref4.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Preferences Language page" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>A checkbox allows one to use the <em>System Default</em> language which in most cases
will be the correct setting; with this <em>Subsurface</em> simply runs in the same
language / country settings as the underlying OS. If this is for some reason
undesirable users can uncheck this checkbox and pick a language / country
combination from the list of included localizations. The <em>Filter</em> text box allows
one to list similar languages. For instance there are several system variants of English
or French. This particular preference requires a restart of <em>Subsurface</em> to take
effect.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_network">10.5. Network</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This panel facilitates communication between <em>Subsurface</em> and data sources on the Internet.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Pref5.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Preferences Network page" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This is important, for instance, when <em>Subsurface</em> needs to communicate with Internet
services such as the <a href="#S_Companion"><em>Subsurface Companion app</em></a> or data export/import
from <em>Divelogs.de</em>. These Internet requirements are determined by one’s type of
connection to the Internet and by the Internet Service Provider (ISP) used.
One’s ISP should provide the appropriate information.
If a proxy server is used for Internet access, the appropriate information needs
to be provided here. The type of proxy needs to be selected from the dropdown list.
after which the IP address of the host and the appropriate port number should
be provided. If the proxy server uses authentication, the appropriate userID and
password also needs to be provided so that <em>Subsurface</em> can automatically pass
through the proxy server to access the Internet.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_DivePlanner">11. The <em>Subsurface</em> dive planner</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Dive planning is an advanced feature of <em>Subsurface</em>, accessible by selecting <em>Log → Plan Dive</em> from the main menu. It allows calculation of
nitrogen load during a dive by using the Bühlmann ZH-L16 algorithm with the addition of gradient factors as
implemented by Erik Baker.</p></div>
<div class="sidebarblock">
<div class="content">
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/warning2.png" alt="Warning" />
</td>
<td class="content">The <em>Subsurface</em> dive planner IS CURRENTLY EXPERIMENTAL
and assumes the user is already familiar with the <em>Subsurface</em>
user interface. It is explicitly used under the following conditions:</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
The user is conversant with dive planning and has the necessary training to perform
dive planning.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The user plans dives within his/her certification limits.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Dive planning makes large assumptions about the characteristics of the <em>average person</em>
and cannot compensate for individual physiology or health or personal history or
life style characteristics.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The safety of a dive plan depends heavily on the way in which the planner is used.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The user is familiar with the user interface of <em>Subsurface</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
A user who is not absolutely sure about any of the above requirements should not use
this feature.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div></div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_the_em_subsurface_em_dive_planner_screen">11.1. The <em>Subsurface</em> dive planner screen</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Like the <em>Subsurface</em> dive log, the planner screen is divided into several sections (see image below). The <strong>setup</strong>
parameters for a dive are entered into the several sections on the left hand side of the screen.
The setup is divided into several sections: Available Gases, Rates, Planning, Gas Options and Dive Notes.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>At the top right hand is a green <strong>design panel</strong> upon which the profile of the dive can be
manipulated directly by dragging and clicking as explained below. This feature makes the
<em>Subsurface</em> dive planner unique in ease of use.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>At the bottom right is a text panel with a heading of <em>Dive Plan Details</em>. This is where the details of
the dive plan are provided in a way that can easily be copied to other software. This is also where
any warning messages about the dive plan are printed.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/PlannerWindow1.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Dive planner startup window" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_initiating_dive_planning">11.2. Initiating dive planning</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The dive planner comprises two parts: <strong>constructing a dive plan</strong> and <strong>evaluating</strong>
that dive plan. To perform dive planning, perform these steps:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Clear the existing dive log by creating a new planning log. This is achieved by selecting
<em>File → New logbook</em> from the main menu. This way, dive plans are kept separate
from the existing dive log of completed dives.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
In the top left-hand area of the screen, ensure that the constant dive parameters are
appropriate. These are: Start date and time of the dive, Atmospheric Pressure and Altitude
above sea level of the dive site. The atmospheric pressure can also be entered as an altitude
in metres, assuming an atmospheric pressure of 1.013 bar.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
In the table labelled <em>Available Gases</em>, add the information of the cylinders to be used
as well as the gas composition within that cylinder. This is done in a similar way as for
<a href="#S_CylinderData">providing cylinder data for dive logs</a>. Choose the cylinder type by
double clicking the cylinder type and using the dropdown list, then specify the work
pressure of this cylinder. By leaving the oxygen concentration (O2%) filed empty,
the dive gas is assumed to be air. Otherwise enter the oxygen and/or helium
concentration in the boxes provided in this dialogue. Add additional cylinders by using the
"+" icon to the top righthand of the dialogue.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The dialogue indicating <em>Dive Planner Points</em> is usually not used at this stage of the dive
planning.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_managing_nitrogen_oxygen_and_gas_consumption">11.3. Managing nitrogen, oxygen and gas consumption</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The planning is performed in three stages:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<strong>a) Nitrogen management</strong>: This is performed by specifying the rates for descent and ascent,
as well as the gradient factors (GFLow and GFHigh) under the headings <em>Rates</em> and <em>Planning</em>
to the bottom left of the planning screen. Initially, the GFHigh and GFLow values in the <em>Preferences</em>
panel of <em>Subsurface</em> is used. If these are changed within the planner (see <em>Gas Options</em> within
the planner), the new values are
used without changing the original specifications in the <em>Preferences</em>. Gradient Factor settings strongly affect the calculated ceilings and their depths.
A very low GFLow value brings about decompression stops early on during the dive.
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
For more information about Gradient factors, see the section on <a href="#S_GradientFactors">Gradient Factor Preference settings</a>.
For more information external to this manual see:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<a href="http://www.tek-dive.com/portal/upload/M-Values.pdf">Understanding M-values by Erik Baker, <em>Immersed</em> Vol. 3, No. 3.</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="http://www.rebreatherworld.com/general-and-new-to-rebreather-articles/5037-gradient-factors-for-dummies.html">Gradient factors for dummies, by Kevin Watts</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="http://www.amazon.com/Deco-Divers-Decompression-Theory-Physiology/dp/1905492073/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1403932320&sr=1-1&keywords=deco+for+divers"><em>Deco for Divers</em>, by Mark Powell (2008). Aquapress</a> Southend-on-Sea, UK. ISBN 10: 1-905492-07-3.
An excellent non-technical review.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The ascent rate is critical for nitrogen off-gassing at the end of the dive and is specified
for several depth ranges, utilising the average (or mean) depth as a yardstick. The mean depth
of the dive plan is indicated on the dive profile in the green panel of the dive planner. Ascent rates
at deeper levels are often in the range of 8-12 m/min, while ascent rates near the surface are
often in the range of 4-9 m/min. The descent rate is also specified. If the option <em>Drop to first depth</em>
is activated, then the descent phase of the planned dive will be at the maximal descent rate specified
in the <em>Rates</em> section of the dive setup.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>b) Oxygen management</strong>: In the <strong>Gas Options</strong> part of the dive specification, the maximum partial
pressure for oxygen needs to be specified for the
bottom part of the dive (<em>bottom po2</em>) as well as for the decompression part of the dive (<em>deco po2</em>).
The most commonly
used values are 1.4 bar for the bottom part of the dive and 1.6 bar for any decompression
stages. Normally, a partial pressure of 1.6 bar is not exceeded. PO2 settings and the depth at which switching to a gas takes place can also be edited in the
<em>Available Gases</em> dialog. Normally the planner decides on switching to a new gas when, during
ascent, the partial pressure of the new gas has decreased to 1.6 bar.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>c) Gas management</strong>: One needs keep within the limits of the amount of gas contained in the dive
cylinder(s), allowing for an appropriate margin for safe return to the surface, possibly
sharing with a buddy. Under the <em>Gas Options</em> heading, specify the best (but conservative) estimate
of your surface-equivalent air consumption (SAC, also termed RMV) in
litres/min (for the time being, only SI units are supported). Specify the SAC during the
bottom part of the dive (<em>bottom SAC</em>) as well as during the decompression or safety stops of the
dive (<em>deco SAC</em>). Values of 20-30 l/min are common. For good gas management, a thumbsuck guess
is not sufficient and one needs to
monitor one’s gas consumption on a regular basis, dependent on different dive conditions and/or equipment.
The planner will calculate the total volume of gas used during the dive and will issue a warning
if one exceeds the total amount of gas available. Good practice demands that one does not dive to
the limit of the gas supply but that an appropriate reserve is kept for unforeseen circumstances.
For technical diving, this reserve can be up to 66% of the total available gas.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Now (at last) one can start the detailed time-depth planning of the dive. <em>Subsurface</em> offers a unique
graphical interface for performing this part of the planning. The mechanics of doing this is
similar to hand-entering a dive profile in the dive log part of <em>Subsurface</em>. Upon activating the
planner, a default dive of depth 15 m for 40 min is offered in the green design surface to the top
right hand of the screen. The white dots (waypoints) on the
profile can be dragged with a mouse. Create more waypoints by double-clicking on the profile
line and ensuring that the profile reflects the intended dive. Drag the waypoints to represent
the depth and duration of the dive.
If any of the management limits (for nitrogen, oxygen or gas) is exceeded, the surface
above the dive profile changes from BLUE to RED.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Each waypoint on the dive profile creates a <em>Dive Planner Point</em> in the table on the
left of the dive planner panel. Ensure that the <em>Used Gas</em> value in each row
of that table corresponds to one of the gas mixtures specified in the table with
<em>Available Gases</em> immediately above the Dive Planner Points. Add new waypoints
until the main features of the dive have been completed, e.g. the
bottom time segment and deep stops (if these are implemented). Leave the remaining
waypoints on the ascent to <em>Subsurface</em>. In most cases <em>Subsurface</em>
computes additional way points in order to fulfil decompression requirements for that
dive.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
A waypoint can be moved by selecting that waypoint and by using the arrow keys.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The waypoints listed in the <em>Dive Planner Points</em> dialogue can be edited by hand in
order to obtain a precise presentation of the dive plan. In fact, one can create the
whole dive profile by editing the <em>Dive Planner Points</em> dialog.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Indicate any changes in gas cylinder used by indicating gas changes as explained
in the section <a href="#S_CreateProfile">hand-creating a dive profile</a>. These changes should
reflect the cylinders and gas compositions defined in the table with <em>Available Gases</em>.
If two or more gases are used, automatic gas switches will be suggested during the ascent to
the surface. However, these changes can be deleted by right-clicking the gas change and by
manually creating a gas change by right-clicking on the appropriate waypoint.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Below is an example of a dive plan to 45m using EAN26, followed by an ascent using EAN50
and using the settings as described above.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/DivePlanner2.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Planning a dive: setup" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Once the above has been completed, one can save it by clicking the <em>Save</em> button
towards the bottom left of the green design panel. The saved dive plan will appear
in the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel of <em>Subsurface</em>.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_the_dive_plan_details">11.4. The dive plan details</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>On the bottom right of the dive planner, under <em>Dive Plan Details</em>, the exact details
of the dive plan are provided. These details may be modified by checking any of the
options under the <em>Dive Notes</em> section of the dive planner, immediately to the left
of the <em>Dive Plan Details</em>. If a <em>Verbatim diveplan</em>
is requested, a detailed sentence-level explanation of the dive plan is given. If any
of the management specifications have been exceeded during the planning, a warning
message is printed underneath the dive plan information.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If the option <em>Display segment duration</em> is checked, then the duration of each depth
level is indicated in the <em>Dive Plan Details</em>. This duration INCLUDES the transition
time to get to that level. However, if the <em>Display transition in deco</em> option is checked,
the transitions are shown separately from the segment durations at a particular level.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_printing_the_dive_plan">11.5. Printing the dive plan</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Selecting the <em>Print</em> button in the planner allows printing of the <em>Dive Plan Details</em>
for wet notes. Alternatively one can cut and paste the <em>Dive Plan Details</em> for
inclusion in a text file or word processing document.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Dive plans have many characteristics in common with dive logs (dive profile, dive notes, etc).
After a dive plan has been saved, the dive details and gas calculations are saved in
the <strong>Dive Notes</strong> tab. While a dive plan is being designed, it can be printed using
the <em>Print</em> button in the dive planner. This prints the dive details and gas calculations
in the <em>Dive Plan Details</em> panel of the dive planner. However, after the plan has been saved, it is
represented in a way very similar to a dive log and the gas calculations cannot be
accessed in the same way as during the planning process. The only way to print the
dive plan is to use the <em>File→Print</em> facility on the main menu in the same way as for dive logs.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_planning_for_repetitive_dives">11.6. Planning for repetitive dives</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Repetitive dives can easily be planned if the dates and start times of the
repetitive dive set
is specified appropriately in the top left-hand <em>Start Time</em> field. <em>Subsurface</em>
calculates the gas loading figures correctly and the effect of the first dive is
evaluated on later dives.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If one has just completed a long/deep dive and is planning
another dive, then highlight, in the <strong>Dive List</strong>, the dive that has just been completed
and then activate the planner. Depending on the start time of the planned dive,
the planner takes into account the gas loading incurred during the completed dive
and allows planning within these limitations.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If only a few standard configurations are used (e.g. in GUE), then a template dive can
be created conforming to one of the configurations. If one now wishes to plan a dive using
this configuration, just highlight the template dive in the <strong>Dive List</strong> and activate the
planner: the planner takes into account the configuration in the highlighted dive.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_description_of_the_subsurface_main_menu_items">12. Description of the Subsurface Main Menu items</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>This section describes the functions and operation of the items in the Main Menu
of Subsurface. Several of the items below are links to sections of this manual
dealing with the appropriate operations.</p></div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_file">12.1. File</h3>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_NewLogbook"><em>New Logbook</em></a> - Close the currently open dive logbook and
clear all dive information.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Open logbook</em> - This opens the file manager in order to select a dive
logbook to open.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Save</em> - Save the dive logbook that is currently open.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Save as</em> - Save the current logbook under a different file name.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Close</em> - Close the dive logbook that is currently open.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_ExportLog"><em>Export</em></a> - Export the currently open dive logbook (or
the selected dives in the logbook) to one of several formats.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_PrintDivelog"><em>Print</em></a> - Print the currently open logbook.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_Preferences"><em>Preferences</em></a> - Set the <em>Subsurface</em> preferences.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Quit</em> - Quit <em>Subsurface</em>.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_import">12.2. Import</h3>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_ImportDiveComputer"><em>Import from dive computer</em></a> - Import dive information
from a dive computer.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#Unified_import"><em>Import Log Files</em></a> - Import dive information from a file in
in a <em>Subsurface</em>-compatible format.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_Companion"><em>Import GPS data from Subsurface Service</em></a> - Load GPS
coordinates from the <em>Subsurface</em> mobile phone app.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_ImportingDivelogsDe"><em>Import from Divelogs.de</em></a> - Import dive information
from <em>www.Divelogs.de</em>.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_log">12.3. Log</h3>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_EnterData"><em>Add Dive</em></a> - Manually add a new dive to the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_DivePlanner"><em>Plan Dive</em></a> - This feature allows the planning of dives.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_Renumber"><em>Renumber</em></a> - Renumber the dives listed in the <strong>Dive List</strong>
panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_Group"><em>Auto Group</em></a> - Group the dives in the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel into dive
trips.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_DeviceNames"><em>Edit Device Names</em></a> - Edit the names of dive computers to facilitate your logs.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_view">12.4. View</h3>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_ViewPanels"><em>All</em></a> - View the four main <em>Subsurface</em> panels
simmultaneously.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_ViewPanels"><em>Dive List</em></a> - View only the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_ViewPanels"><em>Profile</em></a> - View only the <strong>Dive Profile</strong> panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_ViewPanels"><em>Info</em></a> - View only the <strong>Dive Notes</strong> panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_ViewPanels"><em>Globe</em></a> - View only the <strong>World Map</strong> panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Yearly Statistics</em> - Display summary statistics about dives during this and past
years.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Prev DC</em> - Switch to next dive computer.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Next DC</em> - Switch to previous dive computer.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Full Screen</em> - Toggles Full Screen mode.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_filter">12.5. Filter</h3>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Select Events</em> - This option is not implemented yet.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_help">12.6. Help</h3>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>About Subsurface</em> - Show a panel with the version number of <em>Subsurface</em> as
well as licensing information.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Check for updates</em> - Find out whether a newer version of Subsurface is available
on the <a href="http://subsurface.hohndel.org/"><em>Subsurface</em> web site</a>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>User Manual</em> - Open a window showing this user manual.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_appendix_a_operating_system_specific_information_for_importing_dive_information_from_a_dive_computer">13. APPENDIX A: Operating system specific information for importing dive information from a dive computer.</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_make_sure_that_the_os_has_the_required_drivers_installed">13.1. Make sure that the OS has the required drivers installed</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/drivers.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">The operating system of the desktop computer needs the appropriate drivers in
order to communicate with the dive computer in whichever way the dive
computer prefers (e.g. bluetooth, USB, infra-red).</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
On Linux users need to have the correct kernel
module loaded. Most distributions will do this automatically, so the
user does not need to load kernel modules. However, some communication
protocols require an additional driver, especially for rarely used
technology such as infra-red.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
On Windows, the OS should offer to download the correct
driver once the user connects the dive computer to the USB port and
operating system sees the equipment for the first time.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
On a Mac users sometimes have to manually hunt for the correct
driver. For example the correct driver for the Mares Puck
devices or any other dive computer using a USB-to-serial interface
based on the Silicon Labs CP2101 or similar chip can be found as
<em>Mac_OSX_VCP_Driver.zip</em> at the
<a href="http://www.silabs.com/support/pages/document-library.aspx?p=Interface&f=USB%20Bridges&pn=CP2101">Silicon Labs document and software repository</a>.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_HowFindDeviceName">13.2. How to Find the Device Name for USB devices and set its write permission</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/usb.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">When a user connects the dive computer by using a USB connector, usually
<em>Subsurface</em> will either propose a drop down list that contains the
correct device name (or mount point for the Uemis Zurich), or it will
disable the device select drop down if no device name is needed at
all. In the rare cases where this doesn’t work, here are some
suggestions of ways to find out what the device name is:</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><div class="title">On Windows:</div><p>Simply try COM1, COM2, etc. The drop down list should contain all connected COM
devices.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><div class="title">On MacOS:</div><p>The drop down box should find all connected dive computers.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><div class="title">On Linux:</div><p>There is a definitive way to find the port:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Disconnect the USB cable from the dive computer
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Open a terminal
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Type the command: <em>dmesg</em> and press enter
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Plug in the USB cable of the dive computer
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Type the command: <em>dmesg</em> and press enter
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>A message similar to this one should appear:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>usb 2-1.1: new full speed USB device number 14 using ehci_hcd
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial
USB Serial support registered for generic
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial_generic
usbserial: USB Serial Driver core
USB Serial support registered for FTDI USB Serial Device
ftdi_sio 2-1.1:1.0: FTDI USB Serial Device converter detected
usb 2-1.1: Detected FT232BM
usb 2-1.1: Number of endpoints 2
usb 2-1.1: Endpoint 1 MaxPacketSize 64
usb 2-1.1: Endpoint 2 MaxPacketSize 64
usb 2-1.1: Setting MaxPacketSize 64
usb 2-1.1: FTDI USB Serial Device converter now attached to ttyUSB3
usbcore: registered new interface driver ftdi_sio
ftdi_sio: v1.6.0:USB FTDI Serial Converters Driver</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The third line from the bottom shows that the FTDI USB adapter is
detected and connected to <code>ttyUSB3</code>. This information can now be used in
the import settings as <code>/dev/ttyUSB3</code> which directs Subsurface to the correct
USB port.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Ensuring that the user has write permission to the USB serial port:</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>On Unix-like operating systems the USB ports can only be accessed by users who
are members
of the <code>dialout</code> group. If one is not root, one may not be a member of
that group and
will not be able to use the USB port. Let us assume one’s username is <em>johnB</em>.</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
As root, type: <code>usermod -a -G dialout johnB</code> (Ubuntu users: <code>sudo usermod
-a -G dialout johnB</code>)
This makes johnB a member of the <code>dialout</code> group.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Type: <code>id johnB</code> This lists all the groups that johnB belongs to and
verifies that
the appropriate group membership has been created. The <code>dialout</code> group should
be listed
among the different IDs.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>With the appropriate device name (e.g. <code>dev/ttyUSB3</code>) and with write permission
to the USB
port, the dive computer interface can connect and one should be able to import
dives.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_HowFindBluetoothDeviceName">13.3. Setting up bluetooth enabled devices</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/bluetooth.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">For dive computers communicating through bluetooth like the Heinrichs
Weikamp Frog or the Shearwater Predator and Petrel there is a
different procedure to get the devices name to communicate with
<em>Subsurface</em>. Follow these steps:</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<strong>For the dive computer, after enabling Bluetooth, ensure it is in Upload mode.</strong>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For Bluetooth pairing of the dive computer, refer to the
manufacturer’s user guide. When using a Shearwater Predator/Petrel, select
<em>Dive Log → Upload Log</em> and wait for the <em>Wait PC</em> message.</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Pair the <em>Subsurface</em> computer with the dive computer.</strong>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><div class="title">On Windows:</div><p>Bluetooth is most likely already enabled. For pairing with the dive computer choose
<em>Control Panel→Bluetooth Devices→Add Wireless Device</em>.
This should bring up a dialog showing your dive computer (in Bluetooth mode) and
allowing pairing. Right click on it and choose <em>Properties→COM
Ports</em> to identify the port used for your dive computer. If there are several
ports listed, use the one saying "Outgoing" instead of "Incoming".</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For downloading to <em>Subsurface</em>, the <em>Subsurface</em> drop-down list should contain
this COM port already. If not, enter it manually.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Note: If there are issues afterwards when downloading from the dive computer using
other software, remove the existing pairing with the dive computer.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><div class="title">On MacOS:</div><p>Click on the Bluetooth symbol in the menu bar and select <em>Set up
Bluetooth Device…</em>. The dive computer should then show up in the list of devices. Select it and go
through the pairing process. This step should only be needed once for
initial setup.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Once the pairing is completed the correct device is shown in the
<em>Device or Mount Point</em> drop-down in the <em>Subsurface</em> <strong>Import</strong> dialog.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><div class="title">On Linux</div><p>Ensure Bluetooth is enabled on the <em>Subsurface</em> computer.
On most common distributions this should be true out of the box and
pairing should be straight forward. For instance, Gnome3 shows a
Bluetooth icon in the upper right corner of the desktop where one selects <em>Set
up New Device</em>. This should show a dialog where one can select the
dive computer (which already should be in Bluetooth mode) and pair it.
If a PIN is required, try manually setting <em>0000</em>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In the rare cases where the above is not true, then
depending on your system, try <code>initd</code> or <code>systemd</code>. This might be different
and also involve loading modules specific to your hardware. In case your system
is running <code>systemd</code>, manually run <code>systemctl start bluetooth.service</code> to
enable it, in case of <code>initd</code>, run something like <code>rc.config start bluetoothd</code> or
<code>/etc/init.d/bluetooth start</code>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>One may also use a manual approach by using such commands:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<code>hciconfig</code> shows the Bluetooth devices available on your
computer (not dive computer), most likely one will see a hci0, if not
try <code>hcitool -a</code> to see inactive devices and run <code>sudo
hciconfig hci0 up</code> to bring them up.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<code>hcitool scanning</code> gets a list of bluetooth enabled
client devices, look for the dive computer and remember the MAC
address are shown there
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<code>bluez-simple-agent hci0 10:00:E8:C4:BE:C4</code> pairs
the dive computer with the bluetooth stack of the <em>Subsurface</em> computer, copy/paste
the MAC address from the output of <em>hcitool scanning</em>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Unfortunately on Linux binding to a communication device has to be done
manually by running:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<code>rfcomm bind /dev/rfcomm0 10:00:E8:C4:BE:C4</code> binds the dive
computer to a communication device in the desktop computer, in case rfcomm is
already taken use rfcomm1 or up. IMPORTANT: Copy/paste the MAC address
from the output of <code>hcitool scanning</code>, the MAC address shown above will not
work.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For downloading dives in <em>Subsurface</em> specify the device name connected to the MAC
address in the last step above, e.g. <em>/dev/rfcomm0</em>.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_appendix_b_dive_computer_specific_information_for_importing_dive_information">14. APPENDIX B: Dive Computer specific information for importing dive information.</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_ImportUemis">14.1. Import from a Uemis Zurich</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/iumis.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content"><em>Subsurface</em> downloads the information
stored on the SDA (the built-in file system of the Uemis) including
information about dive spots and
equipment. Buddy information is not yet downloadable.
Things are very similar to a normal USB-connected dive computer
(the Uemis is one of those that recharge when connected to the USB port).
The main difference is that one does not enter a
device name, but instead the location where the UEMISSDA file system is
mounted once connected to the dive computer. On Windows this is a drive letter (
often <em>E:</em> or <em>F:</em>), on a Mac this is
<em>/Volumes/UEMISSDA</em> and on Linux systems this differs depending on the
distribution. On Fedora it usually is
<em>/var/run/media/<your_username>/UEMISSDA</em>. In all cases <em>Subsurface</em>
should suggest the correct location in the drop down list.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After selecting the above device name, download the
dives from the Uemis Zurich. One technical issue with the Uemis Zurich
download implementation (this is a Uemis firmware limitation, not a
<em>Subsurface</em> issue) is that one cannot download more than about 40-50
dives without running out of memory on the SDA. This will usually only
happen the very first time one downloads dives from the Uemis Zurich.
Normally when downloading at the end of a day or even after a dive
trip, the capacity is sufficient. If <em>Subsurface</em> displays an error
that the dive computer ran out of space the solution is straight
forward. Disconnect the SDA, turn it off and on again, and reconnect
it. You can now retry (or start a new download session) and the
download will continue where it stopped previously. One
may have to do this more than once, depending on how many dives are
stored on the dive computer.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_ImportingGalileo">14.2. Importing dives from the Uwatec Galileo</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/Galileo.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">The Uwatec Galileo dive computers use infra red (IrDA) communication
between the dive computer and Subsurface. The Uwatec hardware uses
a USB dongle based on the serial infra-red (SIR) protocol and the
MSC7780 IrDA controller manufactured by MosChip
and marketed by Scubapro and some electronics companies.
Under Linux, the kernel
already provides for communication using the IrDA protocol. However,
the user additionally needs to load a driver for the IrDA interface
with the dive computer. The easiest way is to load the <strong>irda-tools</strong>
package from the <a href="http://irda.sourceforge.net/docs/startirda.html">Linux IrDA Project</a>.
After the installation of the irda-tools, the <strong>root user</strong> can specify a device name
from the console as follows:
<code>irattach irda0</code></td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After executing this command, Subsurface will recognise the Galileo
dive computer and download dive information.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Under Windows, a similar situation exists. Drivers for the MCS7780 are
available from some Internet web sites e.g.
<a href="http://www.drivers-download.com/Drv/MosChip/MCS7780/">www.drivers-download.com</a>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For the Apple Mac, IrDA communication via the MCS7780 link is not
available for OSX 10.6 or higher.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_ImportingDR5">14.3. Importing dives from Heinrichs Weikamp DR5</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/HW_DR5.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">When mounted as a USB drive the Heinrichs Weikamp DR5 saves a single UDDF file
for every dive.
Mark all the dives you’d like to import or open.
Note: The DR5 does not seem to store gradient factors nor deco information, so
for <em>Subsurface</em> it is not possible to display them. Adjust the gradient
factors in the <em>Graph Settings</em> in <em>Subsurface</em> to generate a deco overlay in the
<em>Subsurface</em> <strong>Dive Profile</strong> panel but please note that the deco calculated by
<em>Subsurface</em> will most likely differ from the one displayed on the DR5.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_import_from_shearwater_predator_using_bluetooth">14.4. Import from Shearwater Predator using Bluetooth</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/predator.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Using a Shearwater Predator one may be able to pair Bluetooth but then encounter
issues when downloading, showing errors like <em>Slip RX: unexp. SLIP END</em> on the
Predator.
This might also arise when using other dive log software and operating
systems other than Linux. We have no detailed idea about the source and how to fix
this, but it is reported to be solved sometimes by one of these steps:</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
use the Bluetooth dongle which came with the Shearwater Predator instead of
the built-in one of the <em>Subsurface</em> computer
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
switch to different Bluetooth drivers for the same hardware
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
switch off WiFi while using Bluetooth
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_appendix_c_exporting_dive_log_information_from_external_dive_log_software">15. APPENDIX C: Exporting Dive log information from external dive log software.</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>The import of dive log data from external dive log software is mostly performed
using
the dialogue found by selecting <em>Import</em> from the Main Menu, then clicking on
<em>Import Log Files</em>. This is a single-step process, more information about which
can be found
<a href="#Unified_import">here.</a>
However, in some cases, a two-step process may be required:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
Export the foreign dive log data to format that is accessible from
<em>Subsurface</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Import the accessible dive log data into <em>Subsurface</em>.
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This appendix provides some information about approaches to export dive log
data from foreign
dive log software. The procedures below mostly apply to Linux and/or Windows.</p></div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_ImportingDivesSuunto">15.1. Exporting dives from <strong>Suunto Divemanager (DM3 and DM4)</strong></h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/suuntologo.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Divemanager 3 (DM3) is an older version of the Suunto software. More recent
Suunto dive computers use Divemanager 4 (DM4). The
two versions of Divemanager use different methods and different file naming
conventions to export dive log data.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Divemanager 3 (DM3):</strong></p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
Start <em>Suunto Divemanager 3</em> and log in with the name containing the logs
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Do not start the import wizard to import dives from the dive computer.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
In the navigation tree on the left side of the program-window, select the appropriate
dives.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Within the list of dives, select the dives you would like to import later:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
To select certain dives: hold <em>ctrl</em> and click the dive
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
To select all dives: Select the first dive, hold down shift and
select the
last dive
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
With the dives marked, use the program menu <em>File → Export</em>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The export pop-up will show. Within this pop-up, there is one field called <em>Export Path</em>.
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Click the browse button next to the field Export Path
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
A file-manager like window pops up
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Navigate to the directory for storing the
Divelog.SDE file
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Optionally change the name of the file for saving
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Click <em>Save</em>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Back in the Export pop-up, press the button <em>Export</em>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The dives are now exported to the file Divelog.SDE.
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Divemanager 4 (DM4):</strong></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To export divelog from <em>Suunto DM4</em>, one needs to locate the DM4 database
where the dives are stored. the user can either look for the original
database or make a backup of the dives. Both methods are described here.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Locating the Suunto DM4 database:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
Start Suunto DM4
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Select <em>Help → About</em>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Click <em>Copy</em> after text <em>Copy log folder path to clipboard</em>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Now open Windows Explorer
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Paste the address to the path box at the top of the File Explorer
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The database is called DM4.db
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Backing up Suunto DM4:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
Start Suunto DM4
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Select <em>File - Create backup</em>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
From the file menu select the location and name for the backup, we’ll
use DM4 in here with the default extension .bak
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Click <em>Save</em>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The dives are now exported to the file DM4.bak
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_exporting_from_mares_dive_organiser_v2_1">15.2. Exporting from Mares Dive Organiser V2.1</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock" id="Mares_Export">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/mareslogo.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Mares Dive Organiser is a Windows application. The dive log is kept as a
Microsoft SQL Compact Edition database with a <em>.sdf</em> filename extension. The
database includes all Dive Organiser-registered divers on the particular
computer and all Mares dive computers used. The safest way to obtain a copy
of the dive database is to export the information to another compatible format
which can be imported into <em>Subsurface</em>.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
Within Dive Organiser, select
<em>Database → Backup</em> from the main menu and back up the database to the desk
top.
This creates a zipped file DiveOrganiserxxxxx.dbf.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Rename the file to
DiveOrganiserxxxxx.zip. Inside the zipped directory is a file
<em>DiveOrganiser.sdf</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Extract the <em>.sdf</em> file from the zipped folder to your Desktop.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The password for accessing the .zip file is <em>mares</em>.
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_ImportingDivinglog">15.3. Exporting dives from <strong>DivingLog 5.0</strong></h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/divingloglogo.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Unfortunately DivingLog XML files give us no
indication on the preferences set on one’s system. So in order for
<em>Subsurface</em> to be able to successfully import XML files from DivingLog
one first needs to ensure that DivingLog is configured
to use the Metric system (one can easily change this within Diving Log by
selecting <em>File → Preferences → Units and Language</em> by clicking the <em>Metric</em>
button). Then do the following:</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
In Divinglog open the <em>File → Export → XML</em> menu
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Select the dives to export
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Click on the export button and select the filename
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_appendix_d_faqs">16. APPENDIX D: FAQs.</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_subsurface_appears_to_miscalculate_gas_consumption_and_sac">16.1. Subsurface appears to miscalculate gas consumption and SAC</h3>
<div class="paragraph" id="SAC_CALCULATION"><p><em>Question</em>: I dived with a 12.2 l tank, starting with 220 bar and ending with 100 bar, and I calculate a different SAC compared what <em>Subsurface</em> calculates. Is <em>Subsurface</em>
miscalculating?</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Answer</em>: Not really. What happens is that <em>Subsurface</em> actually calculates gas
consumption differently - and better - than you expect.
In particular, it takes the incompressibility of the gas into account.
Traditionally, Gas consumption and SAC should be:
<code>consumption = tank size x (start pressure - end pressure)</code></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>and that’s true for an ideal gas, and it’s what you get taught in dive theory.
But an "ideal gas" doesn’t actually exist, and real gases actually don’t compress
linearly with pressure. Also, you are missing the fact that one atmosphere of
pressure isn’t actually one bar.
So the <strong>real</strong> calculation is:</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>consumption = (amount_of_air_at_beginning - amount_of_air_at_end)</code></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>where the amount of air is <strong>not</strong> just "tank size times pressure in bar".
It’s a combination of: "take compressibility into account" (which is a fairly
small issue under 220 bar - you’ll see more differences when you do high-pressure
tanks with 300bar) and "convert bar to atm" (which is the majority of your discrepancy).
Remember: one ATM is ~1.013 bar, so without the compressibility, your gas use is:</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>12.2*((220-100)/1.013)</code></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>which is about 1445, not 1464. So there was 19 l too much in your simple
calculation that ignored the difference between 1 bar and one ATM.
The compressibility does show up above 200 bar, and takes that 1445 down
about eight litres more, so you really did use only about 1437 l of air at surface pressure.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>So be happy: your SAC really is better than your calculations indicated.
Or be sad: your cylinder contains less air than you thought it did.
And as mentioned, the "contains less air than you thought it did" really
starts becoming much more noticeable at high pressure. A 400 bar really does not
contain twice as much air as a 200 bar one. At lower pressures, air acts pretty much like an ideal gas.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_some_dive_profiles_have_time_discrepancies_with_the_recorded_samples_from_my_dive_computer_8230">16.2. Some dive profiles have time discrepancies with the recorded samples from my dive computer…</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Subsurface</em> ends up ignoring surface time for many things (average depth, divetime, SAC, etc).
<em>Question</em>: Why do dive durations in my dive computer differ from that given by <em>Subsurface</em>?</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Answer</em>: For example, if you end up doing a weight check (deep enough to trigger the "dive started")
but then come back up and wait five minutes for your buddies, your dive computer may say
that your dive is 50 minutes long - because you have fifty minutes worth of samples - but
subsurface will say it’s 45 minutes - because you were actually diving for 45 minutes.
It’s even more noticeable if you do things like divemastering the initial OW dives, when
you may stay in the water for a long time, but spend most of it at the surface. And then
you don’t want that to count as some kind of long dive”.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated 2014-08-07 23:54:22 PDT
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