1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
2276
2277
2278
2279
2280
2281
2282
2283
2284
2285
2286
2287
2288
2289
2290
2291
2292
2293
2294
2295
2296
2297
2298
2299
2300
2301
2302
2303
2304
2305
2306
2307
2308
2309
2310
2311
2312
2313
2314
2315
2316
2317
2318
2319
2320
2321
2322
2323
2324
2325
2326
2327
2328
2329
2330
2331
2332
2333
2334
2335
2336
2337
2338
2339
2340
2341
2342
2343
2344
2345
2346
2347
2348
2349
2350
2351
2352
2353
2354
2355
2356
2357
2358
2359
2360
2361
2362
2363
2364
2365
2366
2367
2368
2369
2370
2371
2372
2373
2374
2375
2376
2377
2378
2379
2380
2381
2382
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2388
2389
2390
2391
2392
2393
2394
2395
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
2406
2407
2408
2409
2410
2411
2412
2413
2414
2415
2416
2417
2418
2419
2420
2421
2422
2423
2424
2425
2426
2427
2428
2429
2430
2431
2432
2433
2434
2435
2436
2437
2438
2439
2440
2441
2442
2443
2444
2445
2446
2447
2448
2449
2450
2451
2452
2453
2454
2455
2456
2457
2458
2459
2460
2461
2462
2463
2464
2465
2466
2467
2468
2469
2470
2471
2472
2473
2474
2475
2476
2477
2478
2479
2480
2481
2482
2483
2484
2485
2486
2487
2488
2489
2490
2491
2492
2493
2494
2495
2496
2497
2498
2499
2500
2501
2502
2503
2504
2505
2506
2507
2508
2509
2510
2511
2512
2513
2514
2515
2516
2517
2518
2519
2520
2521
2522
2523
2524
2525
2526
2527
2528
2529
2530
2531
2532
2533
2534
2535
2536
2537
2538
2539
2540
2541
2542
2543
2544
2545
2546
2547
2548
2549
2550
2551
2552
2553
2554
2555
2556
2557
2558
2559
2560
2561
2562
2563
2564
2565
2566
2567
2568
2569
2570
2571
2572
2573
2574
2575
2576
2577
2578
2579
2580
2581
2582
2583
2584
2585
2586
2587
2588
2589
2590
2591
2592
2593
2594
2595
2596
2597
2598
2599
2600
2601
2602
2603
2604
2605
2606
2607
2608
2609
2610
2611
2612
2613
2614
2615
2616
2617
2618
2619
2620
2621
2622
2623
2624
2625
2626
2627
2628
2629
2630
2631
2632
2633
2634
2635
2636
2637
2638
2639
2640
2641
2642
2643
2644
2645
2646
2647
2648
2649
2650
2651
2652
2653
2654
2655
2656
2657
2658
2659
2660
2661
2662
2663
2664
2665
2666
2667
2668
2669
2670
2671
2672
2673
2674
2675
2676
2677
2678
2679
2680
2681
2682
2683
2684
2685
2686
2687
2688
2689
2690
2691
2692
2693
2694
2695
2696
2697
2698
2699
2700
2701
2702
2703
2704
2705
2706
2707
2708
2709
2710
2711
2712
2713
2714
2715
2716
2717
2718
2719
2720
2721
2722
2723
2724
2725
2726
2727
2728
2729
2730
2731
2732
2733
2734
2735
2736
2737
2738
2739
2740
2741
2742
2743
2744
2745
2746
2747
2748
2749
2750
2751
2752
2753
2754
2755
2756
2757
2758
2759
2760
2761
2762
2763
2764
2765
2766
2767
2768
2769
2770
2771
2772
2773
2774
2775
2776
2777
2778
2779
2780
2781
2782
2783
2784
2785
2786
2787
2788
2789
2790
2791
2792
2793
2794
2795
2796
2797
2798
2799
2800
2801
2802
2803
2804
2805
2806
2807
2808
2809
2810
2811
2812
2813
2814
2815
2816
2817
2818
2819
2820
2821
2822
2823
2824
2825
2826
2827
2828
2829
2830
2831
2832
2833
2834
2835
2836
2837
2838
2839
2840
2841
2842
2843
2844
2845
2846
2847
2848
2849
2850
2851
2852
2853
2854
2855
2856
2857
2858
2859
2860
2861
2862
2863
2864
2865
2866
2867
2868
2869
2870
2871
2872
2873
2874
2875
2876
2877
2878
2879
2880
2881
2882
2883
2884
2885
2886
2887
2888
2889
2890
2891
2892
2893
2894
2895
2896
2897
2898
2899
2900
2901
2902
2903
2904
2905
2906
2907
2908
2909
2910
2911
2912
2913
2914
2915
2916
2917
2918
2919
2920
2921
2922
2923
2924
2925
2926
2927
2928
2929
2930
2931
2932
2933
2934
2935
2936
2937
2938
2939
2940
2941
2942
2943
2944
2945
2946
2947
2948
2949
2950
2951
2952
2953
2954
2955
2956
2957
2958
2959
2960
2961
2962
2963
2964
2965
2966
2967
2968
2969
2970
2971
2972
2973
2974
2975
2976
2977
2978
2979
2980
2981
2982
2983
2984
2985
2986
2987
2988
2989
2990
2991
2992
2993
2994
2995
2996
2997
2998
2999
3000
3001
3002
3003
3004
3005
3006
3007
3008
3009
3010
3011
3012
3013
3014
3015
3016
3017
3018
3019
3020
3021
3022
3023
3024
3025
3026
3027
3028
3029
3030
3031
3032
3033
3034
3035
3036
3037
3038
3039
3040
3041
3042
3043
3044
3045
3046
3047
3048
3049
3050
3051
3052
3053
3054
3055
3056
3057
3058
3059
3060
3061
3062
3063
3064
3065
3066
3067
3068
3069
3070
3071
3072
3073
3074
3075
3076
3077
3078
3079
3080
3081
3082
3083
3084
3085
3086
3087
3088
3089
3090
3091
3092
3093
3094
3095
3096
3097
3098
3099
3100
3101
3102
3103
3104
3105
3106
3107
3108
3109
3110
3111
3112
3113
3114
3115
3116
3117
3118
3119
3120
3121
3122
3123
3124
3125
3126
3127
3128
3129
3130
3131
3132
3133
3134
3135
3136
3137
3138
3139
3140
3141
3142
3143
3144
3145
3146
3147
3148
3149
3150
3151
3152
3153
3154
3155
3156
3157
3158
3159
3160
3161
3162
3163
3164
3165
3166
3167
3168
3169
3170
3171
3172
3173
3174
3175
3176
3177
3178
3179
3180
3181
3182
3183
3184
3185
3186
3187
3188
3189
3190
3191
3192
3193
3194
3195
3196
3197
3198
3199
3200
3201
3202
3203
3204
3205
3206
3207
3208
3209
3210
3211
3212
3213
3214
3215
3216
3217
3218
3219
3220
3221
3222
3223
3224
3225
3226
3227
3228
3229
3230
3231
3232
3233
3234
3235
3236
3237
3238
3239
3240
3241
3242
3243
3244
3245
3246
3247
3248
3249
3250
3251
3252
3253
3254
3255
3256
3257
3258
3259
3260
3261
3262
3263
3264
3265
3266
3267
3268
3269
3270
3271
3272
3273
3274
3275
3276
3277
3278
3279
3280
3281
3282
3283
3284
3285
3286
3287
3288
3289
3290
3291
3292
3293
3294
3295
3296
3297
3298
3299
3300
3301
3302
3303
3304
3305
3306
3307
3308
3309
3310
3311
3312
3313
3314
3315
3316
3317
3318
3319
3320
3321
3322
3323
3324
3325
3326
3327
3328
3329
3330
3331
3332
3333
3334
3335
3336
3337
3338
3339
3340
3341
3342
3343
3344
3345
3346
3347
3348
3349
3350
3351
3352
3353
3354
3355
3356
3357
3358
3359
3360
3361
3362
3363
3364
3365
3366
3367
3368
3369
3370
3371
3372
3373
3374
3375
3376
3377
3378
3379
3380
3381
3382
3383
3384
3385
3386
3387
3388
3389
3390
3391
3392
3393
3394
3395
3396
3397
3398
3399
3400
3401
3402
3403
3404
3405
3406
3407
3408
3409
3410
3411
3412
3413
3414
3415
3416
3417
3418
3419
3420
3421
3422
3423
3424
3425
3426
3427
3428
3429
3430
3431
3432
3433
3434
3435
3436
3437
3438
3439
3440
3441
3442
3443
3444
3445
3446
3447
3448
3449
3450
3451
3452
3453
3454
3455
3456
3457
3458
3459
3460
3461
3462
3463
3464
3465
3466
3467
3468
3469
3470
3471
3472
3473
3474
3475
3476
3477
3478
3479
3480
3481
3482
3483
3484
3485
3486
3487
3488
3489
3490
3491
3492
3493
3494
3495
3496
3497
3498
3499
3500
3501
3502
3503
3504
3505
3506
3507
3508
3509
3510
3511
3512
3513
3514
3515
3516
3517
3518
3519
3520
3521
3522
3523
3524
3525
3526
3527
3528
3529
3530
3531
3532
3533
3534
3535
3536
3537
3538
3539
3540
3541
3542
3543
3544
3545
3546
3547
3548
3549
3550
3551
3552
3553
3554
3555
3556
3557
3558
3559
3560
3561
3562
3563
3564
3565
3566
3567
3568
3569
3570
3571
3572
3573
3574
3575
3576
3577
3578
3579
3580
3581
3582
3583
3584
3585
3586
3587
3588
3589
3590
3591
3592
3593
3594
3595
3596
3597
3598
3599
3600
3601
3602
3603
3604
3605
3606
3607
3608
3609
3610
3611
3612
3613
3614
3615
3616
3617
3618
3619
3620
3621
3622
3623
3624
3625
3626
3627
3628
3629
3630
3631
3632
3633
3634
3635
3636
3637
3638
3639
3640
3641
3642
3643
3644
3645
3646
3647
3648
3649
3650
3651
3652
3653
3654
3655
3656
3657
3658
3659
3660
3661
3662
3663
3664
3665
3666
3667
3668
3669
3670
3671
3672
3673
3674
3675
3676
3677
3678
3679
3680
3681
3682
3683
3684
3685
3686
3687
3688
3689
3690
3691
3692
3693
3694
3695
3696
3697
3698
3699
3700
3701
3702
3703
3704
3705
3706
3707
3708
3709
3710
3711
3712
3713
3714
3715
3716
3717
3718
3719
3720
3721
3722
3723
3724
3725
3726
3727
3728
3729
3730
3731
3732
3733
3734
3735
3736
3737
3738
3739
3740
3741
3742
3743
3744
3745
3746
3747
3748
3749
3750
3751
3752
3753
3754
3755
3756
3757
3758
3759
3760
3761
3762
3763
3764
3765
3766
3767
3768
3769
3770
3771
3772
3773
3774
3775
3776
3777
3778
3779
3780
3781
3782
3783
3784
3785
3786
3787
3788
3789
3790
3791
3792
3793
3794
3795
3796
3797
3798
3799
3800
3801
3802
3803
3804
3805
3806
3807
3808
3809
3810
3811
3812
3813
3814
3815
3816
3817
3818
3819
3820
3821
3822
3823
3824
3825
3826
3827
3828
3829
3830
3831
3832
3833
3834
3835
3836
3837
3838
3839
3840
3841
3842
3843
3844
3845
3846
3847
3848
3849
3850
3851
3852
3853
3854
3855
3856
3857
3858
3859
3860
3861
3862
3863
3864
3865
3866
3867
3868
3869
3870
3871
3872
3873
3874
3875
3876
3877
3878
3879
3880
3881
3882
3883
3884
3885
3886
3887
3888
3889
3890
3891
3892
3893
3894
3895
3896
3897
3898
3899
3900
3901
3902
3903
3904
3905
3906
3907
3908
3909
3910
3911
3912
3913
3914
3915
3916
3917
3918
3919
3920
3921
3922
3923
3924
3925
3926
3927
3928
3929
3930
3931
3932
3933
3934
3935
3936
3937
3938
3939
3940
3941
3942
3943
3944
3945
3946
3947
3948
3949
3950
3951
3952
3953
3954
3955
3956
3957
3958
3959
3960
3961
3962
3963
3964
3965
3966
3967
3968
3969
3970
3971
3972
3973
3974
3975
3976
3977
3978
3979
3980
3981
3982
3983
3984
3985
3986
3987
3988
3989
3990
3991
3992
3993
3994
3995
3996
3997
3998
3999
4000
4001
4002
4003
4004
4005
4006
4007
4008
4009
4010
4011
4012
4013
4014
4015
4016
4017
4018
4019
4020
4021
4022
4023
4024
4025
4026
4027
4028
4029
4030
4031
4032
4033
4034
4035
4036
4037
4038
4039
4040
4041
4042
4043
4044
4045
4046
4047
4048
4049
4050
4051
4052
4053
4054
4055
4056
4057
4058
4059
4060
4061
4062
4063
4064
4065
4066
4067
4068
4069
4070
4071
4072
4073
4074
4075
4076
4077
4078
4079
4080
4081
4082
4083
4084
4085
4086
4087
4088
4089
4090
4091
4092
4093
4094
4095
4096
4097
4098
4099
4100
4101
4102
4103
4104
4105
4106
4107
4108
4109
4110
4111
4112
4113
4114
4115
4116
4117
4118
4119
4120
4121
4122
4123
4124
4125
4126
4127
4128
4129
4130
4131
4132
4133
4134
4135
4136
4137
4138
4139
4140
4141
4142
4143
4144
4145
4146
4147
4148
4149
4150
4151
4152
4153
4154
4155
4156
4157
4158
4159
4160
4161
4162
4163
4164
4165
4166
4167
4168
4169
4170
4171
4172
4173
4174
4175
4176
4177
4178
4179
4180
4181
4182
4183
4184
4185
4186
4187
4188
4189
4190
4191
4192
4193
4194
4195
4196
4197
4198
4199
4200
4201
4202
4203
4204
4205
4206
4207
4208
4209
4210
4211
4212
4213
4214
4215
4216
4217
4218
4219
4220
4221
4222
4223
4224
4225
4226
4227
4228
4229
4230
4231
4232
4233
4234
4235
4236
4237
4238
4239
4240
4241
4242
4243
4244
4245
4246
4247
4248
4249
4250
4251
4252
4253
4254
4255
4256
4257
4258
4259
4260
4261
4262
4263
4264
4265
4266
4267
4268
4269
4270
4271
4272
4273
4274
4275
4276
4277
4278
4279
4280
4281
4282
4283
4284
4285
4286
4287
4288
4289
4290
4291
4292
4293
4294
4295
4296
4297
4298
4299
4300
4301
4302
4303
4304
4305
4306
4307
4308
4309
4310
4311
4312
4313
4314
4315
4316
4317
4318
4319
4320
4321
4322
4323
4324
4325
4326
4327
4328
4329
4330
4331
4332
4333
4334
4335
4336
4337
4338
4339
4340
4341
4342
4343
4344
4345
4346
4347
4348
4349
4350
4351
4352
4353
4354
4355
4356
4357
4358
4359
4360
4361
4362
4363
4364
4365
4366
4367
4368
4369
4370
4371
4372
4373
4374
4375
4376
4377
4378
4379
4380
4381
4382
4383
4384
4385
4386
4387
4388
4389
4390
4391
4392
4393
4394
4395
4396
4397
4398
4399
4400
4401
4402
4403
4404
4405
4406
4407
4408
4409
4410
4411
4412
4413
4414
4415
4416
4417
4418
4419
4420
4421
4422
4423
4424
4425
4426
4427
4428
4429
4430
4431
4432
4433
4434
4435
4436
4437
4438
4439
4440
4441
4442
4443
4444
4445
4446
4447
4448
4449
4450
4451
4452
4453
4454
4455
4456
4457
4458
4459
4460
4461
4462
4463
4464
4465
4466
4467
4468
4469
4470
4471
4472
4473
4474
4475
4476
4477
4478
4479
4480
4481
4482
4483
4484
4485
4486
4487
4488
4489
4490
4491
4492
4493
4494
4495
4496
4497
4498
4499
4500
4501
4502
4503
4504
4505
4506
4507
4508
4509
4510
4511
4512
4513
4514
4515
4516
4517
4518
4519
4520
4521
4522
4523
4524
4525
4526
4527
4528
4529
4530
4531
4532
4533
4534
4535
4536
4537
4538
4539
4540
4541
4542
4543
4544
4545
4546
4547
4548
4549
4550
4551
4552
4553
4554
4555
4556
4557
4558
4559
4560
4561
4562
4563
4564
4565
4566
4567
4568
4569
4570
4571
4572
4573
4574
4575
4576
4577
4578
4579
4580
4581
4582
4583
4584
4585
4586
4587
4588
4589
4590
4591
4592
4593
4594
4595
4596
4597
4598
4599
4600
4601
4602
4603
4604
4605
4606
4607
4608
4609
4610
4611
4612
4613
4614
4615
4616
4617
4618
4619
4620
4621
4622
4623
4624
4625
4626
4627
4628
4629
4630
4631
4632
4633
4634
4635
4636
4637
4638
4639
4640
4641
4642
4643
4644
4645
4646
4647
4648
4649
4650
4651
4652
4653
4654
4655
4656
4657
4658
4659
4660
4661
4662
4663
4664
4665
4666
4667
4668
4669
4670
4671
4672
4673
4674
4675
4676
4677
4678
4679
4680
4681
4682
4683
4684
4685
4686
4687
4688
4689
4690
4691
4692
4693
4694
4695
4696
4697
4698
4699
4700
4701
4702
4703
4704
4705
4706
4707
4708
4709
4710
4711
4712
4713
4714
4715
4716
4717
4718
4719
4720
4721
4722
4723
4724
4725
4726
4727
4728
4729
4730
4731
4732
4733
4734
4735
4736
4737
4738
4739
4740
4741
4742
4743
4744
4745
4746
4747
4748
4749
4750
4751
4752
4753
4754
4755
4756
4757
4758
4759
4760
4761
4762
4763
4764
4765
4766
4767
4768
4769
4770
4771
4772
4773
4774
4775
4776
4777
4778
4779
4780
4781
4782
4783
4784
4785
4786
4787
4788
4789
4790
4791
4792
4793
4794
4795
4796
4797
4798
4799
4800
4801
4802
4803
4804
4805
4806
4807
4808
4809
4810
4811
4812
4813
4814
4815
4816
4817
4818
4819
4820
4821
4822
4823
4824
4825
4826
4827
4828
4829
4830
4831
4832
4833
4834
4835
4836
4837
4838
4839
4840
4841
4842
4843
4844
4845
4846
4847
4848
4849
4850
4851
4852
4853
4854
4855
4856
4857
4858
4859
4860
4861
4862
4863
4864
4865
4866
4867
4868
4869
4870
4871
4872
4873
4874
4875
4876
4877
4878
4879
4880
4881
4882
4883
4884
4885
4886
4887
4888
4889
4890
4891
4892
4893
4894
4895
4896
4897
4898
4899
4900
4901
4902
4903
4904
4905
4906
4907
4908
4909
4910
4911
4912
4913
4914
4915
4916
4917
4918
4919
4920
4921
4922
4923
4924
4925
4926
4927
4928
4929
4930
4931
4932
4933
4934
4935
4936
4937
4938
4939
4940
4941
4942
4943
4944
4945
4946
4947
4948
4949
4950
4951
4952
4953
4954
4955
4956
4957
4958
4959
4960
4961
4962
4963
4964
4965
4966
4967
4968
4969
4970
4971
4972
4973
4974
4975
4976
4977
4978
4979
4980
4981
4982
4983
4984
4985
4986
4987
4988
4989
4990
4991
4992
4993
4994
4995
4996
4997
4998
4999
5000
5001
5002
5003
5004
5005
5006
5007
5008
5009
5010
5011
5012
5013
5014
5015
5016
5017
5018
5019
5020
5021
5022
5023
5024
5025
5026
5027
5028
5029
5030
5031
5032
5033
5034
5035
5036
5037
5038
5039
5040
5041
5042
5043
5044
5045
5046
5047
5048
5049
5050
5051
5052
5053
5054
5055
5056
5057
5058
5059
5060
5061
5062
5063
5064
5065
5066
5067
5068
5069
5070
5071
5072
5073
5074
5075
5076
5077
5078
5079
5080
5081
5082
5083
5084
5085
5086
5087
5088
5089
5090
5091
5092
5093
5094
5095
5096
5097
5098
5099
5100
5101
5102
5103
5104
5105
5106
5107
5108
5109
5110
5111
5112
5113
5114
5115
5116
5117
5118
5119
5120
5121
5122
5123
5124
5125
5126
5127
5128
5129
5130
5131
5132
5133
5134
5135
5136
5137
5138
5139
5140
5141
5142
5143
5144
5145
5146
5147
5148
5149
5150
5151
5152
5153
5154
5155
5156
5157
5158
5159
5160
5161
5162
5163
5164
5165
5166
5167
5168
5169
5170
5171
5172
5173
5174
5175
5176
5177
5178
5179
5180
5181
5182
5183
5184
5185
5186
5187
5188
5189
5190
5191
5192
5193
5194
5195
5196
5197
5198
5199
5200
5201
5202
5203
5204
5205
5206
5207
5208
5209
5210
5211
5212
5213
5214
5215
5216
5217
5218
5219
5220
5221
5222
5223
5224
5225
5226
5227
5228
5229
5230
5231
5232
5233
5234
5235
5236
5237
5238
5239
5240
5241
5242
5243
5244
5245
5246
5247
5248
5249
5250
5251
5252
5253
5254
5255
5256
5257
5258
5259
5260
5261
5262
5263
5264
5265
5266
5267
5268
5269
5270
5271
5272
5273
5274
5275
5276
5277
5278
5279
5280
5281
5282
5283
5284
5285
5286
5287
5288
5289
5290
5291
5292
5293
5294
5295
5296
5297
5298
5299
5300
5301
5302
5303
5304
5305
5306
5307
5308
5309
5310
5311
5312
5313
5314
5315
5316
5317
5318
5319
5320
5321
5322
5323
5324
5325
5326
5327
5328
5329
5330
5331
5332
5333
5334
5335
5336
5337
5338
5339
5340
5341
5342
5343
5344
5345
5346
5347
5348
5349
5350
5351
5352
5353
5354
5355
5356
5357
5358
5359
5360
5361
5362
5363
5364
5365
5366
5367
5368
5369
5370
5371
5372
5373
5374
5375
5376
5377
5378
5379
5380
5381
5382
5383
5384
5385
5386
5387
5388
5389
5390
5391
5392
5393
5394
5395
5396
5397
5398
5399
5400
5401
5402
5403
5404
5405
5406
5407
5408
5409
5410
5411
5412
5413
5414
5415
5416
5417
5418
5419
5420
5421
5422
5423
5424
5425
5426
5427
5428
5429
5430
5431
5432
5433
5434
5435
5436
5437
5438
5439
5440
5441
5442
5443
5444
5445
5446
5447
5448
5449
5450
5451
5452
5453
5454
5455
5456
5457
5458
5459
5460
5461
5462
5463
5464
5465
5466
5467
5468
5469
5470
5471
5472
5473
5474
5475
5476
5477
5478
5479
5480
5481
5482
5483
5484
5485
5486
5487
5488
5489
5490
5491
5492
5493
5494
5495
5496
5497
5498
5499
5500
5501
5502
5503
5504
5505
5506
5507
5508
5509
5510
5511
5512
5513
5514
5515
5516
5517
5518
5519
5520
5521
5522
5523
5524
5525
5526
5527
5528
5529
5530
5531
5532
5533
5534
5535
5536
5537
5538
5539
5540
5541
5542
5543
5544
5545
5546
5547
5548
5549
5550
5551
5552
5553
5554
5555
5556
5557
5558
5559
5560
5561
5562
5563
5564
5565
5566
5567
5568
5569
5570
5571
5572
5573
5574
5575
5576
5577
5578
5579
5580
5581
5582
5583
5584
5585
5586
5587
5588
5589
5590
5591
5592
5593
5594
5595
5596
5597
5598
5599
5600
5601
5602
5603
5604
5605
5606
5607
5608
5609
5610
5611
5612
5613
5614
5615
5616
5617
5618
5619
5620
5621
5622
5623
5624
5625
5626
5627
5628
5629
5630
5631
5632
5633
5634
5635
5636
5637
5638
5639
5640
5641
5642
5643
5644
5645
5646
5647
5648
5649
5650
5651
5652
5653
5654
5655
5656
5657
5658
5659
5660
5661
5662
5663
5664
5665
5666
5667
5668
5669
5670
5671
5672
5673
5674
5675
5676
5677
5678
5679
5680
5681
5682
5683
5684
5685
5686
5687
5688
5689
5690
5691
5692
5693
5694
5695
5696
5697
5698
5699
5700
5701
5702
5703
5704
5705
5706
5707
5708
5709
5710
5711
5712
5713
5714
5715
5716
5717
5718
5719
5720
5721
5722
5723
5724
5725
5726
5727
5728
5729
5730
5731
5732
5733
5734
5735
5736
5737
5738
5739
5740
5741
5742
5743
5744
5745
5746
5747
5748
5749
5750
5751
5752
5753
5754
5755
5756
5757
5758
5759
5760
5761
5762
5763
5764
5765
5766
5767
5768
5769
5770
5771
5772
5773
5774
5775
5776
5777
5778
5779
5780
5781
5782
5783
5784
5785
5786
5787
5788
5789
5790
5791
5792
5793
5794
5795
5796
5797
5798
5799
5800
5801
5802
5803
5804
5805
5806
5807
5808
5809
5810
5811
5812
5813
5814
5815
5816
5817
5818
5819
5820
5821
5822
5823
5824
5825
5826
5827
5828
5829
5830
5831
5832
5833
5834
5835
5836
5837
5838
5839
5840
5841
5842
5843
5844
5845
5846
5847
5848
5849
5850
5851
5852
5853
5854
5855
5856
5857
5858
5859
5860
5861
5862
5863
5864
5865
5866
5867
5868
5869
5870
5871
5872
5873
5874
5875
5876
5877
5878
5879
5880
5881
5882
5883
5884
5885
5886
5887
5888
5889
5890
5891
5892
5893
5894
5895
5896
5897
5898
5899
5900
5901
5902
5903
5904
5905
5906
5907
5908
5909
5910
5911
5912
5913
5914
5915
5916
5917
5918
5919
5920
5921
5922
5923
5924
5925
5926
5927
5928
5929
5930
5931
5932
5933
5934
5935
5936
5937
5938
5939
5940
5941
5942
5943
5944
5945
5946
5947
5948
5949
5950
5951
5952
5953
5954
5955
5956
5957
5958
5959
5960
5961
5962
5963
5964
5965
5966
5967
5968
5969
5970
5971
5972
5973
5974
5975
5976
5977
5978
5979
5980
5981
5982
5983
5984
5985
5986
5987
5988
5989
5990
5991
5992
5993
5994
5995
5996
5997
5998
5999
6000
6001
6002
6003
6004
6005
6006
6007
6008
6009
6010
6011
6012
6013
6014
6015
6016
6017
6018
6019
6020
6021
6022
6023
6024
6025
6026
6027
6028
6029
6030
6031
6032
6033
6034
6035
6036
6037
6038
6039
6040
6041
6042
6043
6044
6045
6046
6047
6048
6049
6050
6051
6052
6053
6054
6055
6056
6057
6058
6059
6060
6061
6062
6063
6064
6065
6066
6067
6068
6069
6070
6071
6072
6073
6074
6075
6076
6077
6078
6079
6080
6081
6082
6083
6084
6085
6086
6087
6088
6089
6090
6091
6092
6093
6094
6095
6096
6097
6098
6099
6100
6101
6102
6103
6104
6105
6106
6107
6108
6109
6110
6111
6112
6113
6114
6115
6116
6117
6118
6119
6120
6121
6122
6123
6124
6125
6126
6127
6128
6129
6130
6131
6132
6133
6134
6135
6136
6137
6138
6139
6140
6141
6142
6143
6144
6145
6146
6147
6148
6149
6150
6151
6152
6153
6154
6155
6156
6157
6158
6159
6160
6161
6162
6163
6164
6165
6166
6167
6168
6169
6170
6171
6172
6173
6174
6175
6176
6177
6178
6179
6180
6181
6182
6183
6184
6185
6186
6187
6188
6189
6190
6191
6192
6193
6194
6195
6196
6197
6198
6199
6200
6201
6202
6203
6204
6205
6206
6207
6208
6209
6210
6211
6212
6213
6214
6215
6216
6217
6218
6219
6220
6221
6222
6223
6224
6225
6226
6227
6228
6229
6230
6231
6232
6233
6234
6235
6236
6237
6238
6239
6240
6241
6242
6243
6244
6245
6246
6247
6248
6249
6250
6251
6252
6253
6254
6255
6256
6257
6258
6259
6260
6261
6262
6263
6264
6265
6266
6267
6268
6269
6270
6271
6272
6273
6274
6275
6276
6277
6278
6279
6280
6281
6282
6283
6284
6285
6286
6287
6288
6289
6290
6291
6292
6293
6294
6295
6296
6297
6298
6299
6300
6301
6302
6303
6304
6305
6306
6307
6308
6309
6310
6311
6312
6313
6314
6315
6316
6317
6318
6319
6320
6321
6322
6323
6324
6325
6326
6327
6328
6329
6330
6331
6332
6333
6334
6335
6336
6337
6338
6339
6340
6341
6342
6343
6344
6345
6346
6347
6348
6349
6350
6351
6352
6353
6354
6355
6356
6357
6358
6359
6360
6361
6362
6363
6364
6365
6366
6367
6368
6369
6370
6371
6372
6373
6374
6375
6376
6377
6378
6379
6380
6381
6382
6383
6384
6385
6386
6387
6388
6389
6390
6391
6392
6393
6394
6395
6396
6397
6398
6399
6400
6401
6402
6403
6404
6405
6406
6407
6408
6409
6410
6411
6412
6413
6414
6415
6416
6417
6418
6419
6420
6421
6422
6423
6424
6425
6426
6427
6428
6429
6430
6431
6432
6433
6434
6435
6436
6437
6438
6439
6440
6441
6442
6443
6444
6445
6446
6447
6448
6449
6450
6451
6452
6453
6454
6455
6456
6457
6458
6459
6460
6461
6462
6463
6464
6465
6466
6467
6468
6469
6470
6471
6472
6473
6474
6475
6476
6477
6478
6479
6480
6481
6482
6483
6484
6485
6486
6487
6488
6489
6490
6491
6492
6493
6494
6495
6496
6497
6498
6499
6500
6501
6502
6503
6504
6505
6506
6507
6508
6509
6510
6511
6512
6513
6514
6515
6516
6517
6518
6519
6520
6521
6522
6523
6524
6525
6526
6527
6528
6529
6530
6531
6532
6533
6534
6535
6536
6537
6538
6539
6540
6541
6542
6543
6544
6545
6546
6547
6548
6549
6550
6551
6552
6553
6554
6555
6556
6557
6558
6559
6560
6561
6562
6563
6564
6565
6566
6567
6568
6569
6570
6571
6572
6573
6574
6575
6576
6577
6578
6579
6580
6581
6582
6583
6584
6585
6586
6587
6588
6589
6590
6591
6592
6593
6594
6595
6596
6597
6598
6599
6600
6601
6602
6603
6604
6605
6606
6607
6608
6609
6610
6611
6612
6613
6614
6615
6616
6617
6618
6619
6620
6621
6622
6623
6624
6625
6626
6627
6628
6629
6630
6631
6632
6633
6634
6635
6636
6637
6638
6639
6640
6641
6642
6643
6644
6645
6646
6647
6648
6649
6650
6651
6652
6653
6654
6655
6656
6657
6658
6659
6660
6661
6662
6663
6664
6665
6666
6667
6668
6669
6670
6671
6672
6673
6674
6675
6676
6677
6678
6679
6680
6681
6682
6683
6684
6685
6686
6687
6688
6689
6690
6691
6692
6693
6694
6695
6696
6697
6698
6699
6700
6701
6702
6703
6704
6705
6706
6707
6708
6709
6710
6711
6712
6713
6714
6715
6716
6717
6718
6719
6720
6721
6722
6723
6724
6725
6726
6727
6728
6729
6730
6731
6732
6733
6734
6735
6736
6737
6738
6739
6740
6741
6742
6743
6744
6745
6746
6747
6748
6749
6750
6751
6752
6753
6754
6755
6756
6757
6758
6759
6760
6761
6762
6763
6764
6765
6766
6767
6768
6769
6770
6771
6772
6773
6774
6775
6776
6777
6778
6779
6780
6781
6782
6783
6784
6785
6786
6787
6788
6789
6790
6791
6792
6793
6794
6795
6796
6797
6798
6799
6800
6801
6802
6803
6804
6805
6806
6807
6808
6809
6810
6811
6812
6813
6814
6815
6816
6817
6818
6819
6820
6821
6822
6823
6824
6825
6826
6827
6828
6829
6830
6831
6832
6833
6834
6835
6836
6837
6838
6839
6840
6841
6842
6843
6844
6845
6846
6847
6848
6849
6850
6851
6852
6853
6854
6855
6856
6857
6858
6859
6860
6861
6862
6863
6864
6865
6866
6867
6868
6869
6870
6871
6872
6873
6874
6875
6876
6877
6878
6879
6880
6881
6882
6883
6884
6885
6886
6887
6888
6889
6890
6891
6892
6893
6894
6895
6896
6897
6898
6899
6900
6901
6902
6903
6904
6905
6906
6907
6908
6909
6910
6911
6912
6913
6914
6915
6916
6917
6918
6919
6920
6921
6922
6923
6924
6925
6926
6927
6928
6929
6930
6931
6932
6933
6934
6935
6936
6937
6938
6939
6940
6941
6942
6943
6944
6945
6946
6947
6948
6949
6950
6951
6952
6953
6954
6955
6956
6957
6958
6959
6960
6961
6962
6963
6964
6965
6966
6967
6968
6969
6970
6971
6972
6973
6974
6975
6976
6977
6978
6979
6980
6981
6982
6983
6984
6985
6986
6987
6988
6989
6990
6991
6992
6993
6994
6995
6996
6997
6998
6999
7000
7001
7002
7003
7004
7005
7006
7007
7008
7009
7010
7011
7012
7013
7014
7015
7016
7017
7018
7019
7020
7021
7022
7023
7024
7025
7026
7027
7028
7029
7030
7031
7032
7033
7034
7035
7036
7037
7038
7039
7040
7041
7042
7043
7044
7045
7046
7047
7048
7049
7050
7051
7052
7053
7054
7055
7056
7057
7058
7059
7060
7061
7062
7063
7064
7065
7066
7067
7068
7069
7070
7071
7072
7073
7074
7075
7076
7077
7078
7079
7080
7081
7082
7083
7084
7085
7086
7087
7088
7089
7090
7091
7092
7093
7094
7095
7096
7097
7098
7099
7100
7101
7102
7103
7104
7105
7106
7107
7108
7109
7110
7111
7112
7113
7114
7115
7116
7117
7118
7119
7120
7121
7122
7123
7124
7125
7126
7127
7128
7129
7130
7131
7132
7133
7134
7135
7136
7137
7138
7139
7140
7141
7142
7143
7144
7145
7146
7147
7148
7149
7150
7151
7152
7153
7154
7155
7156
7157
7158
7159
7160
7161
7162
7163
7164
7165
7166
7167
7168
7169
7170
7171
7172
7173
7174
7175
7176
7177
7178
7179
7180
7181
7182
7183
7184
7185
7186
7187
7188
7189
7190
7191
7192
7193
7194
7195
7196
7197
7198
7199
7200
7201
7202
7203
7204
7205
7206
7207
7208
7209
7210
7211
7212
7213
7214
7215
7216
7217
7218
7219
7220
7221
7222
7223
7224
7225
7226
7227
7228
7229
7230
7231
7232
7233
7234
7235
7236
7237
7238
7239
7240
7241
7242
7243
7244
7245
7246
7247
7248
7249
7250
7251
7252
7253
7254
7255
7256
7257
7258
7259
7260
7261
7262
7263
7264
7265
7266
7267
7268
7269
7270
7271
7272
7273
7274
7275
7276
7277
7278
7279
7280
7281
7282
7283
7284
7285
7286
7287
7288
7289
7290
7291
7292
7293
7294
7295
7296
7297
7298
7299
7300
7301
7302
7303
7304
7305
7306
7307
7308
7309
7310
7311
7312
7313
7314
7315
7316
7317
7318
7319
7320
7321
7322
7323
7324
7325
7326
7327
7328
7329
7330
7331
7332
7333
7334
7335
7336
7337
7338
7339
7340
7341
7342
7343
7344
7345
7346
7347
7348
7349
7350
7351
7352
7353
7354
7355
7356
7357
7358
7359
7360
7361
7362
7363
7364
7365
7366
7367
7368
7369
7370
7371
7372
7373
7374
7375
7376
7377
7378
7379
7380
7381
7382
7383
7384
7385
7386
7387
7388
7389
7390
7391
7392
7393
7394
7395
7396
7397
7398
7399
7400
7401
7402
7403
7404
7405
7406
7407
7408
7409
7410
7411
7412
7413
7414
7415
7416
7417
7418
7419
7420
7421
7422
7423
7424
7425
7426
7427
7428
7429
7430
7431
7432
7433
7434
7435
7436
7437
7438
7439
7440
7441
7442
7443
7444
7445
7446
7447
7448
7449
7450
7451
7452
7453
7454
7455
7456
7457
7458
7459
7460
7461
7462
7463
7464
7465
7466
7467
7468
7469
7470
7471
7472
7473
7474
7475
7476
7477
7478
7479
7480
7481
7482
7483
7484
7485
7486
7487
7488
7489
7490
7491
7492
7493
7494
7495
7496
7497
7498
7499
7500
7501
7502
7503
7504
7505
7506
7507
7508
7509
7510
7511
7512
7513
7514
7515
7516
7517
7518
7519
7520
7521
7522
7523
7524
7525
7526
7527
7528
7529
7530
7531
7532
7533
7534
7535
7536
7537
7538
7539
7540
7541
7542
7543
7544
7545
7546
7547
7548
7549
7550
7551
7552
7553
7554
7555
7556
7557
7558
7559
7560
7561
7562
7563
7564
7565
7566
7567
7568
7569
7570
7571
7572
7573
7574
7575
7576
7577
7578
7579
7580
7581
7582
7583
7584
7585
7586
7587
7588
7589
7590
7591
7592
7593
7594
7595
7596
7597
7598
7599
7600
7601
7602
7603
7604
7605
7606
7607
7608
7609
7610
7611
7612
7613
7614
7615
7616
7617
7618
7619
7620
7621
7622
7623
7624
7625
7626
7627
7628
7629
7630
7631
7632
7633
7634
7635
7636
7637
7638
7639
7640
7641
7642
7643
7644
7645
7646
7647
7648
7649
7650
7651
7652
7653
7654
7655
7656
7657
7658
7659
7660
7661
7662
7663
7664
7665
7666
7667
7668
7669
7670
7671
7672
7673
7674
7675
7676
7677
7678
7679
7680
7681
7682
7683
7684
7685
7686
7687
7688
7689
7690
7691
7692
7693
7694
7695
7696
7697
7698
7699
7700
7701
7702
7703
7704
7705
7706
7707
7708
7709
7710
7711
7712
7713
7714
7715
7716
7717
7718
7719
7720
7721
7722
7723
7724
7725
7726
7727
7728
7729
7730
7731
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="application/xhtml+xml; charset=UTF-8" />
<meta name="generator" content="AsciiDoc 8.6.10" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
/*
* compact_subsurface.css, a special style sheet for Subsurface,
* modified by Willem Ferguson and derived from:
* compact.css, version 1.3 by Alex Efros <powerman@powerman.name>
* Licence: Public Domain
*
* Usage: asciidoc -a theme=compact_subsurface ...
*/
* { padding: 0; margin: 0; }
img { border: 0; }
/*** Layout ***/
body { margin: 10px 20px; }
#header br { display: none; }
#revnumber { display: block; }
#toc { margin: 1em 0; }
.toclevel2 { margin-left: 1em; }
.toclevel3 { margin-left: 2em; }
#footer { margin-top: 2em; }
#preamble .sectionbody,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5 { margin: 1em 0 0 0; }
.admonitionblock,
.listingblock,
.sidebarblock,
.exampleblock,
.tableblock,
.literalblock { margin: 1em 0; }
.admonitionblock td.icon { padding-right: 0.5em; }
.admonitionblock td.content { padding-left: 0.5em; }
.listingblock .content { padding: 0.5em; }
.sidebarblock > .content { padding: 0.5em; }
.exampleblock > .content { padding: 0 0.5em; }
.tableblock caption { padding: 0 0 0.5em 0; }
.tableblock thead th,
.tableblock tbody td,
.tableblock tfoot td { padding: 0 0.5em; }
.quoteblock { padding: 0 2.0em; }
.paragraph { margin: 1em 0 0 0; }
.sidebarblock .paragraph:first-child,
.exampleblock .paragraph:first-child,
.admonitionblock .paragraph:first-child { margin: 0; }
.ulist, .olist, .dlist, .hdlist, .qlist { margin: 1em 0; }
li .ulist, li .olist, li .dlist, li .hdlist, li .qlist,
dd .ulist, dd .olist, dd .dlist, dd .hdlist, dd .qlist { margin: 0; }
ul { margin-left: 1.5em; }
ol { margin-left: 2em; }
dd { margin-left: 3em; }
td.hdlist1 { padding-right: 1em; }
/*** Fonts ***/
body { font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; }
#header { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; }
#header h1 { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; }
#footer { font-family: Georgia, serif; }
#email { font-size: 0.85em; }
#revnumber { font-size: 0.75em; }
#toc { font-size: 0.9em; }
#toctitle { font-weight: bold; }
#footer { font-size: 0.8em; }
h2, h3, h4, h5, .title { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; }
h2 { font-size: 1.5em; }
.sectionbody { font-size: 0.85em; }
.sectionbody .sectionbody { font-size: inherit; }
h3 { font-size: 159%; } /* 1.35em */
h4 { font-size: 141%; } /* 1.2em */
h5 { font-size: 118%; } /* 1em */
.title { font-size: 106%; /* 0.9em */
font-weight: bold;
}
tt, .monospaced { font-family: monospace; font-size: 106%; } /* 0.9em */
dt, td.hdlist1, .qlist em { font-family: Times New Roman, serif;
font-size: 118%; /* 1em */
font-style: italic;
}
.tableblock tfoot td { font-weight: bold; }
/*** Colors and Backgrounds ***/
h1 { color: #527bbd; border-bottom: 2px solid silver; }
#footer { border-top: 2px solid silver; }
h2 { color: #527bbd; border-bottom: 2px solid silver; }
h3 { color: #5D7EAE; border-bottom: 2px solid silver; }
h3 { display: inline-block; }
h4,h5 { color: #5D7EAE; }
.admonitionblock td.content { border-left: 2px solid silver; }
.listingblock .content { background: #f4f4f4; border: 1px solid silver; border-left: 5px solid #e0e0e0; }
.sidebarblock > .content { background: #ffffee; border: 1px solid silver; border-left: 5px solid #e0e0e0; }
.exampleblock > .content { border-left: 2px solid silver; }
.quoteblock { border-left: 5px solid #e0e0e0; }
.tableblock table {
border-collapse: collapse;
border-width: 3px;
border-color: #527bbd;
}
.tableblock table[frame=hsides] { border-style: solid none; }
.tableblock table[frame=border] { border-style: solid; }
.tableblock table[frame=void] { border-style: none; }
.tableblock table[frame=vsides] { border-style: none solid; }
.tableblock table[rules=all] tbody tr *,
.tableblock table[rules=rows] tbody tr * {
border-top: 1px solid #527bbd;
}
.tableblock table[rules=all] tr *,
.tableblock table[rules=cols] tr * {
border-left: 1px solid #527bbd;
}
.tableblock table tbody tr:first-child * {
border-top: 1px solid white; /* none don't work here... %-[] */
}
.tableblock table tr *:first-child {
border-left: none;
}
.tableblock table[frame] thead tr *,
.tableblock table[frame] thead tr * {
border-top: 1px solid white;
border-bottom: 2px solid #527bbd;
}
.tableblock table tr td p.table,
.tableblock table tr td p.table * {
border: 0px;
}
tt, .monospaced { color: navy; }
li { color: #a0a0a0; }
li > * { color: black; }
span.aqua { color: aqua; }
span.black { color: black; }
span.blue { color: blue; }
span.fuchsia { color: fuchsia; }
span.gray { color: gray; }
span.green { color: green; }
span.lime { color: lime; }
span.maroon { color: maroon; }
span.navy { color: navy; }
span.olive { color: olive; }
span.purple { color: purple; }
span.red { color: red; }
span.silver { color: silver; }
span.teal { color: teal; }
span.white { color: white; }
span.yellow { color: yellow; }
span.aqua-background { background: aqua; }
span.black-background { background: black; }
span.blue-background { background: blue; }
span.fuchsia-background { background: fuchsia; }
span.gray-background { background: gray; }
span.green-background { background: green; }
span.lime-background { background: lime; }
span.maroon-background { background: maroon; }
span.navy-background { background: navy; }
span.olive-background { background: olive; }
span.purple-background { background: purple; }
span.red-background { background: red; }
span.silver-background { background: silver; }
span.teal-background { background: teal; }
span.white-background { background: white; }
span.yellow-background { background: yellow; }
span.big { font-size: 2em; }
span.small { font-size: 0.6em; }
span.underline { text-decoration: underline; }
span.overline { text-decoration: overline; }
span.line-through { text-decoration: line-through; }
/*** Misc ***/
.admonitionblock td.icon { vertical-align: top; }
.attribution { text-align: right; }
ul { list-style-type: disc; }
ol.arabic { list-style-type: decimal; }
ol.loweralpha { list-style-type: lower-alpha; }
ol.upperalpha { list-style-type: upper-alpha; }
ol.lowerroman { list-style-type: lower-roman; }
ol.upperroman { list-style-type: upper-roman; }
.hdlist td { vertical-align: top; }
@media screen {
body {
max-width: 50em; /* approximately 80 characters wide */
margin-left: 16em;
}
#toc {
position: fixed;
top: 0;
left: 0;
bottom: 0;
width: 13em;
padding: 0.5em;
padding-bottom: 1.5em;
margin: 0;
overflow: auto;
border-right: 3px solid #f8f8f8;
background-color: white;
}
#toc .toclevel1 {
margin-top: 0.5em;
}
#toc .toclevel2 {
margin-top: 0.25em;
display: list-item;
color: #aaaaaa;
}
#toctitle {
margin-top: 0.5em;
}
}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
/*<+'])');
// Function that scans the DOM tree for header elements (the DOM2
// nodeIterator API would be a better technique but not supported by all
// browsers).
var iterate = function (el) {
for (var i = el.firstChild; i != null; i = i.nextSibling) {
if (i.nodeType == 1 /* Node.ELEMENT_NODE */) {
var mo = re.exec(i.tagName);
if (mo && (i.getAttribute("class") || i.getAttribute("className")) != "float") {
result[result.length] = new TocEntry(i, getText(i), mo[1]-1);
}
iterate(i);
}
}
}
iterate(el);
return result;
}
var toc = document.getElementById("toc");
if (!toc) {
return;
}
// Delete existing TOC entries in case we're reloading the TOC.
var tocEntriesToRemove = [];
var i;
for (i = 0; i < toc.childNodes.length; i++) {
var entry = toc.childNodes[i];
if (entry.nodeName.toLowerCase() == 'div'
&& entry.getAttribute("class")
&& entry.getAttribute("class").match(/^toclevel/))
tocEntriesToRemove.push(entry);
}
for (i = 0; i < tocEntriesToRemove.length; i++) {
toc.removeChild(tocEntriesToRemove[i]);
}
// Rebuild TOC entries.
var entries = tocEntries(document.getElementById("content"), toclevels);
for (var i = 0; i < entries.length; ++i) {
var entry = entries[i];
if (entry.element.id == "")
entry.element.id = "_toc_" + i;
var a = document.createElement("a");
a.href = "#" + entry.element.id;
a.appendChild(document.createTextNode(entry.text));
var div = document.createElement("div");
div.appendChild(a);
div.className = "toclevel" + entry.toclevel;
toc.appendChild(div);
}
if (entries.length == 0)
toc.parentNode.removeChild(toc);
},
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Footnotes generator
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/* Based on footnote generation code from:
* http://www.brandspankingnew.net/archive/2005/07/format_footnote.html
*/
footnotes: function () {
// Delete existing footnote entries in case we're reloading the footnodes.
var i;
var noteholder = document.getElementById("footnotes");
if (!noteholder) {
return;
}
var entriesToRemove = [];
for (i = 0; i < noteholder.childNodes.length; i++) {
var entry = noteholder.childNodes[i];
if (entry.nodeName.toLowerCase() == 'div' && entry.getAttribute("class") == "footnote")
entriesToRemove.push(entry);
}
for (i = 0; i < entriesToRemove.length; i++) {
noteholder.removeChild(entriesToRemove[i]);
}
// Rebuild footnote entries.
var cont = document.getElementById("content");
var spans = cont.getElementsByTagName("span");
var refs = {};
var n = 0;
for (i=0; i<spans.length; i++) {
if (spans[i].className == "footnote") {
n++;
var note = spans[i].getAttribute("data-note");
if (!note) {
// Use [\s\S] in place of . so multi-line matches work.
// Because JavaScript has no s (dotall) regex flag.
note = spans[i].innerHTML.match(/\s*\[([\s\S]*)]\s*/)[1];
spans[i].innerHTML =
"[<a id='_footnoteref_" + n + "' href='#_footnote_" + n +
"' title='View footnote' class='footnote'>" + n + "</a>]";
spans[i].setAttribute("data-note", note);
}
noteholder.innerHTML +=
"<div class='footnote' id='_footnote_" + n + "'>" +
"<a href='#_footnoteref_" + n + "' title='Return to text'>" +
n + "</a>. " + note + "</div>";
var id =spans[i].getAttribute("id");
if (id != null) refs["#"+id] = n;
}
}
if (n == 0)
noteholder.parentNode.removeChild(noteholder);
else {
// Process footnoterefs.
for (i=0; i<spans.length; i++) {
if (spans[i].className == "footnoteref") {
var href = spans[i].getElementsByTagName("a")[0].getAttribute("href");
href = href.match(/#.*/)[0]; // Because IE return full URL.
n = refs[href];
spans[i].innerHTML =
"[<a href='#_footnote_" + n +
"' title='View footnote' class='footnote'>" + n + "</a>]";
}
}
}
},
install: function(toclevels) {
var timerId;
function reinstall() {
asciidoc.footnotes();
if (toclevels) {
asciidoc.toc(toclevels);
}
}
function reinstallAndRemoveTimer() {
clearInterval(timerId);
reinstall();
}
timerId = setInterval(reinstall, 500);
if (document.addEventListener)
document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", reinstallAndRemoveTimer, false);
else
window.onload = reinstallAndRemoveTimer;
}
}
asciidoc.install(3);
/*]]>*/
</script>
</head>
<body class="article">
<div id="header">
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Subsurface4Banner.jpg" alt="Banner" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><span class="big">USER MANUAL</span></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Manual authors</strong>: Willem Ferguson, Jacco van Koll, Dirk Hohndel, Reinout Hoornweg,
Linus Torvalds, Miika Turkia, Amit Chaudhuri, Jan Schubert, Salvador Cuñat, Pedro Neves,
Stefan Fuchs</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><span class="blue"><em>Version 4.7, May 2018</em></span></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Welcome as a user of <em>Subsurface</em>, an advanced dive logging program with
extensive infrastructure to describe, organize, interpret and print scuba
and free dives. <em>Subsurface</em> offers many advantages over other similar
software solutions:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Do you need a flexible way of logging dives using recreational equipment,
even without a dive computer?
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Do you wish to seamlessly include GPS locations of dive sites into your dive log?
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Do you use two different dive computer brands, each with its own proprietary
software for downloading dive logs? Do you dive with rebreathers as well
as open circuit or recreational equipment? Do you use a Reefnet Sensus time-depth
recorder along with a dive computer? <em>Subsurface</em> offers a standard
interface for downloading dive logs from all of these different pieces of
equipment, storing and analyzing the dive logs within a unified system.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Do you use more than one operating system? <em>Subsurface</em> is fully compatible
with Mac, Linux and Windows, letting you access your dive log on a range of
operating systems using a single application.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Do you use Linux or Mac, but your dive computer has only Windows-based software
for downloading dive information (e.g. Mares or Scubapro)? <em>Subsurface</em> provides a way of
downloading and analyzing your dive logs on other operating systems.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Do you need an intuitive graphical dive planner that integrates with, and takes
into account, dives you’ve already logged?
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Do you need a way of storing or backing up your dive log on the Internet, letting
you view your dive log from anywhere using an Internet browser?
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Do you wish to access or modify your dive log using a mobile phone?
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Subsurface</em> binaries are available for Windows PCs (Win 7 or later from
version 4.6 of <em>Subsurface</em> onwards), Intel based Macs (OS/X) and many
Linux distributions. <em>Subsurface</em> can be built for
many more hardware platforms and software environments where Qt and
libdivecomputer are available.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This manual explains how to use the <em>Subsurface</em> program. To install
the software, consult the <em>Downloads</em> page on the
<a href="https://subsurface-divelog.org/"><em>Subsurface</em> web site</a>.
Please discuss issues with this program by sending an email to
<a href="mailto:subsurface@subsurface-divelog.org">our mailing list</a> and report bugs at
<a href="https://github.com/Subsurface-divelog/subsurface/issues">our bugtracker</a>. For instructions on how to build the
software and (if needed) its dependencies please consult the INSTALL file
included with the source code.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Audience</strong>: Recreational Scuba Divers, Free Divers, Tec Divers, Professional
Divers</p></div>
<div id="toc">
<div id="toctitle">Table of Contents</div>
<noscript><p><b>JavaScript must be enabled in your browser to display the table of contents.</b></p></noscript>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_using_this_manual">1. Using this manual</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>When opened from within <em>Subsurface</em>, this manual does not have external controls for
paging or selecting previous pages. However, two facilities are provided:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
The <em>SEARCH</em> function is activated by pressing control-F or command-F on
the keyboard. A text box appears at the bottom right-hand of the window (see image below).
For instance, typing the word "<em>weights</em>" into the search text
box, searches throughout the user manual. To the right of the
search text box are two arrows pointing up and down. These find
the previous and the next occurrence of the search term.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/UserManualSearch.jpg" alt="User manual functions" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>PREVIOUS/NEXT LINK</em>. Move between links (underlined words that
jump to specific sections in the user manual) by right-clicking on the text of the manual.
This brings up a context menu to PREVIOUS links selected.
(see image below). For instance if a link has been selected, then the option
to <em>Go Back</em> shows the text at the previous link selected
(similar to the Previous Page button in a browser). Conversely the <em>Go Forward</em> option
jumps to the
text seen before selecting the <em>Go Back</em> option. The <em>Reload</em>
option reloads the complete user manual into the window.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/UserManualLinksBack.jpg" alt="User manual functions" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_UserSurvey">2. The user survey</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>In order to develop <em>Subsurface</em> to serve its users in the best possible way,
it’s important to have user information. Upon launching <em>Subsurface</em>
and using the software for a week or so, a one-box user survey pops up. It is entirely
optional and the user controls what, if any, data are sent to the <em>Subsurface</em> development
team. All data the user sends is useful, and will only be
used to steer future development and to customize the software to fit the needs of
the <em>Subsurface</em> users. If you complete the survey, or click the option not to
be asked again, that should be the last communication of this type you receive.
However, if your diving and/or subsurface habits change and you wish to fill in
another survey, just launch <em>Subsurface</em> with the <em>--survey</em> option on the command line.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_StartUsing">3. Start Using the Program</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <em>Subsurface</em> window is usually divided into four panels with a <strong>Main
Menu</strong> (File Edit Import Log View Share Help) at the top of the window (for Windows
and Linux) or the top of the screen (for Mac and Ubuntu Unity). The four panels are:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
The <strong>Dive List</strong> on the bottom left, showing all the dives in the
user’s
dive log. A dive can be selected and highlighted on the dive list by clicking on
it. In most situations the up/down keys can be used to switch
between dives. The <strong>Dive List</strong> is an important tool for manipulating a dive log.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The <strong>Dive Map</strong> on the bottom right, showing the user’s dive sites on a world map
and centered on the site of the last dive selected in the <strong>Dive List</strong>. The map
scale can be increased or decreased.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The <strong>Info</strong> on the top left, giving more detailed information on the
dive selected in the <strong>Dive List</strong>, including some statistics for the selected dive or for all
highlighted dive(s).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The <strong>Dive Profile</strong> on the top right, showing a graphical dive profile of the
selected dive in the <strong>Dive List</strong>. You can zoom
into the dive profile for a more detailed view.
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The dividers between panels can be dragged to change the size of any of
the panels. <em>Subsurface</em> remembers the position of the dividers, so the next
time <em>Subsurface</em> starts it uses the positions of the dividers from the last time the program was used.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If a single dive is selected in the <strong>Dive List</strong>, the dive location, detailed information
and profile of
the <em>selected dive</em> are shown in the respective panels. If
several dives are selected, the last highlighted dive is the <em>selected
dive</em>, but summary data of all <em>highlighted dives</em> is shown in the <strong>Stats</strong> tab
of the <strong>Info</strong> panel (maximum, minimum and average depths, durations, water
temperatures and SAC; total time and number of dives selected).</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" id="S_ViewPanels" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/main_window_f22.jpg" alt="The Main Window" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The user decides which of the four panels are displayed by selecting the
<strong>View</strong> option on the main menu. This feature has several choices of display:</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>All</strong>: show all four of the panels as in the screenshot above.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Divelist</strong>: Show only the Dive List.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Profile</strong>: Show only the Dive Profile of the selected dive.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Info</strong>: Show only the Notes about the last selected dive and statistics for
all highlighted dives.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Globe</strong>: Show only the world map, centered on the last selected dive.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Like other functions that can be accessed via the Main Menu, these options
can also be triggered using keyboard shortcuts. The shortcuts
are shown with an underline in the main menu entries, with the Alt-key pressed,
or are denoted after the menu item.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When the program is started for the first time, it shows no
information at all, because it does not have any dive information available. In the
following sections, the procedures to create a new logbook will be explained.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_NewLogbook">4. Creating a new logbook</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Select <em>File → New Logbook</em> from the main menu. All existing dive data are
cleared so new information can be added. If there are unsaved data in an
open logbook, the user is asked whether the open logbook should be
saved before a new logbook is created.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_GetInformation">5. Storing dive information in the logbook</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Now that a new logbook is created, it is simple to add dive data it.
<em>Subsurface</em> allows several ways of adding dive data to a logbook.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>1) If the user has a handwritten divelog, a spreadsheet or another form of
manually maintained divelog, dive data can be added to the logbook using
one of these approaches:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Enter dive information by hand. This is useful if the diver didn’t
use a dive computer and dives were recorded in a written logbook. See:
<a href="#S_EnterData">Entering dive information by hand</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Import dive log information that has been maintained either as a spreadsheet
or as a CSV file. Refer to: <a href="#S_Appendix_D">APPENDIX D: Exporting a spreadsheet to CSV format</a> and
to <a href="#S_ImportingCSVDives">Importing dives in CSV format</a>.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>2) If a dive is recorded using a dive computer, the depth profile
and a large amount of additional information can be accessed.
These dives can be imported from:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
The dive computer itself. See: <a href="#S_ImportDiveComputer">Importing new dive information from a Dive Computer</a>;
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Proprietary software distributed by manufacturers of dive computers. Refer
to: <a href="#S_ImportingAlienDiveLogs">Importing dive information from other digital data sources or other data formats</a>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Spreadsheet or CSV files containing dive profiles.
See: <a href="#S_ImportingCSVDives">Importing dives in CSV format from dive computers or other dive log software</a>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_EnterData">5.1. Entering dive information by hand</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This is usually the approach for dives without a dive computer. The basic record
of information within <em>Subsurface</em> is a dive. The most important information
in a simple dive logbook usually includes dive type, date, time, duration,
depth, the names of your dive buddy and the divemaster or dive guide, and
some remarks about the dive. <em>Subsurface</em> can store much more
information for each dive. To add a dive to a dive log, select <em>Log
→ Add Dive</em> from the Main Menu. The program then shows three panels
on which to enter
information for a dive: two tabs in the <strong>Info</strong> panel (<strong>Notes</strong> and
<strong>Equipment</strong>), as well as the <strong>Dive Profile</strong> panel that displays a graphical profile
of each dive. These panels are respectively marked <span class="red">A</span>, <span class="red">B</span> and
<span class="red">C</span>
in the figure below. Each of these tabs will now be explained for data entry.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/AddDive1_f22.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Add dive" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When you edit a field in Notes or Equipment panels, <em>Subsurface</em> enters <strong>Editing Mode</strong>,
indicated by the message in the blue box at the top of the <strong>Notes</strong> panel (see the image below). This message is
displayed in all the panels under Notes and Equipment when in <strong>Editing Mode</strong>.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/BlueEditBar_f22.jpg" alt="Blue edit bar" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <em>Apply changes</em> button should only be selected after all the parts of a dive have been entered.
When entering dives by hand, the <em>Info</em>, <em>Equipment</em> and <em>Profile</em> tabs should be completed
before applying the information. By selecting the <em>Apply changes</em> button, a local copy of the information
for this specific dive is saved in memory but NOT written to disk.
The <em>Apply changes</em> button should ONLY be selected after all parts
of a dive have been entered. When closing Subsurface, the program will
ask again, this time whether the complete dive log should be saved on disk or not.</p></div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_CreateProfile">5.1.1. Creating a Dive Profile</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <strong>Dive Profile</strong> (a graphical representation of the depth of the dive as a
function of time) is shown in the panel on the top right hand of the
<em>Subsurface</em> window. When a dive is manually added to a logbook, <em>Subsurface</em>
presents a default dive profile that needs to be modified to best represent the
dive described:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/DiveProfile1_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Initial dive profile" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Modifying the dive profile</em>: When the cursor is moved around the dive profile,
its position is shown by two right-angled red lines as seen below.
The time and depth
represented by the cursor are indicated at the top of the black information box
(@ and D). The units (metric/imperial) on the axes are determined by the
<strong>Preference</strong> settings. The dive profile itself comprises several
line segments demarcated by waypoints (white dots on the profile, as shown
above). The default dive depth is 15 m.
If the dive depth was 20 m then you need to drag the appropriate waypoints
downward to 20 m. To add a waypoint, double-click on
any line segment. To move an additional waypoint, drag it. Moving can also
be done by selecting the waypoint and using the arrow keys.
To remove a waypoint, right-click on it and choose "Remove this point" from the
context menu. Drag the waypoints to represent an
accurate
time duration for the dive. Below is a dive profile for a dive
to 20 m for 30 min, followed by a 5 minute safety stop at 5 m.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/DiveProfile2_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Edited dive profile" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Specifying the gas composition:</em> The gas composition used is indicated
along the line segments of the dive profile. This defaults to the first gas
mixture specified in the <strong>Equipment</strong> tab, which was air in the case of the
profile above. The gas mixtures of segments of the dive profile can
be changed by right-clicking on the particular
waypoint and selecting the appropriate gas from the context menu. Changing
the gas for a waypoint affects the gas shown in the segment <em>to the right</em> of
that
waypoint. Note that only the gases defined in the <strong>Equipment</strong> tab appear in the
context menu (see image below).</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/DiveProfile3_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Gas composition context menu" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>With the profile now defined, more details must be added to have
a fuller record of the dive. To do this,
the <strong>Notes</strong> and the <strong>Equipment</strong> tabs on the top left hand of the
<em>Subsurface</em> window should be used. Click on
<a href="#S_Notes_dc"><strong>this link</strong></a> for instructions on how to use these tabs.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_ImportDiveComputer">5.2. Importing new dive information from a Dive Computer</h3>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_connecting_and_importing_data_from_a_dive_computer">5.2.1. Connecting and importing data from a dive computer.</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The use of dive computers allows the collection of a large amount of
information about
each dive, e.g. a detailed record of depth, duration, rates of ascent/descent
and of gas partial pressures. <em>Subsurface</em> can capture this information,
using dive details from a wide range of dive computers. The latest list of supported
dive computers can be found at:
<a href="https://subsurface-divelog.org/documentation/supported-dive-computers/">
Supported dive computers</a>.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/warning2.png" alt="Warning" />
</td>
<td class="content">Several dive computers consume more power when they are in
PC-Communication mode. <strong>This could drain the dive computer’s battery</strong>. We
recommend the user checks to be sure the dive computer is charged when
connected to the USB port of a PC. For example, several Suunto and Mares dive
computers do not recharge through the USB connection. Users should refer to
the dive computer’s manual
if they are unsure whether the dive computer recharges its batteries
while connected to the USB port.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To import dive information from a dive computer to a computer with
<em>Subsurface</em>,
the two pieces of equipment must communicate with one another.
This
involves setting up the communications port (or mount point) of the computer
with <em>Subsurface</em> that communicates with the dive computer. To set up
this communication, users need to find the appropriate information to
instruct
<em>Subsurface</em> where and how to import the dive information.
<a href="#_appendix_a_operating_system_specific_information_for_importing_dive_information_from_a_dive_computer">Appendix A</a>
provides the technical information to help the user achieve this for different
operating
systems and
<a href="#_appendix_b_dive_computer_specific_information_for_importing_dive_information">Appendix B</a>
has dive computer specific information.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After this, the dive computer can be hooked up to the user’s PC using these steps:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
The interface cable should be connected to a free USB port (or the Infra-red
or Bluetooth connection set up as described later in this manual)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The dive computer should be placed into PC Communication mode.
(Refer to the manual of the specific dive computer)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
In <em>Subsurface</em>, from the Main Menu, select <em>Import → Import
From Dive Computer</em>.
Dialogue <strong>A</strong> in the figure below appears:
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/DC_import_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Download dialogue 1" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Dive computers tend to keep a certain number of dives in memory, even
though these dives have already been imported to <em>Subsurface</em>. For that reason, if
the dive computer allows this,
<em>Subsurface</em> only imports dives that have not been downloaded before. This makes
the download process faster on most dive computers and also saves battery power
of the dive computer (at least for those not charging while connected via USB).</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
The dialogue has two drop-down lists, <strong>Vendor</strong> and <strong>Dive Computer</strong>. On the
<strong>vendor</strong> drop-down list select the make of the computer, e.g.
Suunto, Oceanic,
Uwatec, Mares. On the <strong>Dive Computer</strong> drop-down list, the model name of
the dive computer must be selected, e.g. D4 (Suunto), Veo200 (Oceanic), or Puck
(Mares).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The <strong>Device or Mount Point</strong> drop-down list contains the USB or Bluetooth port
name that <em>Subsurface</em> needs in order to communicate with the dive computer.
The appropriate port name must be selected. Consult
<a href="#_appendix_a_operating_system_specific_information_for_importing_dive_information_from_a_dive_computer">Appendix A</a>
and
<a href="#_appendix_b_dive_computer_specific_information_for_importing_dive_information">Appendix B</a>
for technical details on how to find the appropriate port information for a
specific dive
computer and, in some cases, how to do the correct settings to the operating
system of the computer on which <em>Subsurface</em> is running.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
If all the dives on the dive computer need to be downloaded, check the
checkbox <em>Force download of all dives</em>. Normally, <em>Subsurface</em> only downloads
dives after the date-time of the last dive in the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel. If one
or more of your dives in <em>Subsurface</em> has been accidentally deleted or if there
are older dives that still need to be downloaded from the dive computer, this
box needs to be checked. Some dive computers (e.g. Mares Puck) do not provide
a contents list to <em>Subsurface</em> before the download in order to select only new dives.
Consequently, for these dive computers, all dives are downloaded
irrespective of the status of this check box.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
If the checkbox <em>Always prefer downloaded dives</em>
has been checked and, during download, dives with identical date-times exist on
the dive computer and on the <em>Subsurface</em>
<strong>Dive List</strong> panel, the dive in the <em>Subsurface</em> divelog will be overwritten
by the dive record from the computer.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The checkbox marked <em>Download into new trip</em> ensures that, after upload, the downloaded dives
are grouped together as a new trip(s) in the <strong>Dive List</strong>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Do <strong>not</strong> check the checkboxes labelled <em>Save libdivecomputer logfile</em> and
<em>Save libdivecomputer dumpfile</em>. These are only used as diagnostic tools
when there are problems with downloads(see below).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Then select the <em>Download</em> button.
With communication established, you can see how the data are
retrieved from the dive computer.
Depending on the make of the dive computer and/or number of recorded dives, this
could take some time. Be patient. The <em>Download</em> dialogue
shows a
progress bar at the bottom of the dialogue. Remember for some dive computers
progress information could be inaccurate since <em>Subsurface</em> doesn’t know how much
downloadable data there are until the download is complete.
After the dives have been downloaded, they appear in a tabular format on the right-hand
side of the dialogue (see image <strong>B</strong>, above). Each dive comprises a row in the table, showing the date, duration
and depth. Next to each dive is a checkbox: check all the dives that need to
be transferred to the <strong>Dive List</strong>. In the case of the image above, the last six dives are
checked and will be transferred to the <strong>Dive List</strong>. Then
click the <em>OK</em> button at the bottom of the dialogue. All the imported dives appear
in the <strong>Dive List</strong>, sorted by date and time. Disconnect and
switch off the dive
computer to conserve its battery power.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
If there is a problem in communicating with the dive computer, an error
message is shown, similar to this text: "Unable to open /dev/ttyUSB0 Mares
(Puck Pro)". Refer to the text in the box below.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="sidebarblock">
<div class="content">
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>PROBLEMS WITH DATA DOWNLOAD FROM A DIVE COMPUTER?</strong></p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/important.png" alt="Important" />
</td>
<td class="content">Check the following:</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Is the dive computer still in PC-communication or
Upload mode?
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Is the dive computer’s battery fully charged? If not then charge or replace it.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Is the connecting cable faulty? Does the cable work using other
software? Has it worked before, or is this the first time the cable is being used? Are the contacts
on the dive computer and the cable clean?
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Consult
<a href="#_appendix_a_operating_system_specific_information_for_importing_dive_information_from_a_dive_computer">Appendix A</a>
to be sure the correct Mount Point
was specified (see above).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
On Unix-like operating systems, does the user have write permission to the
USB port? If not, consult
<a href="#_appendix_a_operating_system_specific_information_for_importing_dive_information_from_a_dive_computer">Appendix A</a>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If the <em>Subsurface</em> computer does not recognize the USB adapter by
showing an appropriate device name next to the Mount Point, then there is a
possibility the cable or USB adaptor is faulty. A faulty cable is the most
common cause of communication failure between a dive computer and <em>Subsurface</em>.
It’s also possible <em>Subsurface</em> cannot interpret
the data. Perform a download for diagnostic purposes with the following
two boxes checked in the download dialogue discussed above:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>Save libdivecomputer logfile
Save libdivecomputer dumpfile</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Important</strong>: These check boxes are only used when problems are encountered
during the download process. Under normal circumstances they should not be checked.
When checking these boxes, the user is prompted to select a folder where the information will be saved. The default folder is the one in which the
<em>Subsurface</em>
dive log is kept.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Important:</strong> <em>After downloading with the above checkboxes
checked, no dives are added to the
<strong>Dive List</strong> but two files are created in the folder selected above</em>:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>subsurface.log
subsurface.bin</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>These files should be send to the <em>Subsurface</em> mail list:
<em>subsurface@subsurface-divelog.org</em> with a
request for the files to be analyzed. Provide the dive computer
make and model
as well as contextual information about the dives recorded on the dive computer.</p></div>
</div></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_Bluetooth">5.2.2. Connecting <em>Subsurface</em> to a Bluetooth-enabled dive computer</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Bluetooth is becoming a more common way of communication between dive computers
and <em>Subsurface</em>. <em>Subsurface</em> provides a largely operating system independent
Bluetooth interface. An increasing number of dive computers use Bluetooth Low Energy (BTLE)
as a means of communication. However, BTLE is not a standardised protocol,
consequently adaptations need to be made for communicating with each different dive computer model. See the
<a href="https://subsurface-divelog.org/documentation/supported-dive-computers/">list of supported dive computers</a>.
Bluetooth communication is often more reliable if all Bluetooth devices seen by the
<em>Subsurface</em> computer are removed and pairing with the Bluetooth dive computer
is performed from afresh. The Bluetooth and BTLE interfaces are under active development
with respect to new dive computers that use this mechanism of communication.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Setting up <em>Subsurface</em> for Bluetooth communication requires
four steps:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Ensure Bluetooth is activated on the host computer running <em>Subsurface</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Ensure <em>Subsurface</em> sees the Bluetooth adapter on the host computer.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Ensure the Bluetooth-enabled dive computer is Bluetooth-discoverable and in PC upload mode.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Ensure <em>Subsurface</em> is paired with the Bluetooth-enabled dive computer.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Select the Download dialogue by selecting
<em>Import → Import from dive computer</em> from the <strong>Main Menu</strong>. After checking the
box labeled <em>"Choose Bluetooth download mode"</em>, the dialogue below appears.</p></div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_on_linux_or_macos">On Linux or MacOS:</h5>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/DC_import_Bluetooth.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Download Bluetooth" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Although the <em>Subsurface</em> Bluetooth interface is intended to function without
Bluetooth pairing at the operating system level, it is always prudent to follow up
initial Bluetooth pairing problems by pairing the Bluetooth dive computer with
the <em>Subsurface</em> computer using the operating system services of the desktop computer. Delete all
existing pairings and start by scanning for Bluetooth devices from an empty list
(on the desktop) of Bluetooth devices. Once <em>Subsurface</em> has recognised the Bluetooth dive
computer, subsequent divelog downloads are likely to be simple.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>On the <em>Linux</em> or <em>MacOS</em> platforms the name
of the <em>Subsurface</em> computer and its Bluetooth address are shown on the right hand side.
The power state (on/off) of the Bluetooth adapter is shown below
the address and can be changed by checking the <em>Turn on/off</em> box.
If the Bluetooth address is not shown, then <em>Subsurface</em> does not see the local
Bluetooth device. Ensure the Bluetooth driver is installed correctly on the
<em>Subsurface</em> computer and check if it can be used by other Bluetooth utilities like
<em>bluetoothctl</em> or <em>bluemoon</em>. This completes the first two steps above.
Ensure the Bluetooth-enabled dive computer is in PC-upload mode and it
is discoverable by other Bluetooth devices. Consult the manual of the dive
computer for more information. Now the third item in the list above has been finished.
Select the <em>Scan</em> button towards the bottom left of the dialogue above. After
searching, the dive computer should be listed
(perhaps as one of a number of Bluetooth devices) in the main list box on the
lefthand side of the dialogue (see image above). If this does not work, select
the <em>Clear</em> button, then scan again for Bluetooth devices using the <em>Scan</em>
button. After taking these actions <em>Subsurface</em> should see the dive computer.
On the left hand side, if the
computer has more than one local Bluetooth devices connected, use
the list box to indicate which one needs to connect to <em>Subsurface</em>.
The label of the discovered dive computer contains the name of the device, its
address and its pairing status. For BTLE devices the address often starts with "LE".
If the device is not paired and has a red
background color, a context menu can be opened by selecting the item with a
right-click.
Select the <em>Pair</em> option and wait for the task to complete. If this dive computer
is being paired to Subsurface for the first time, it’s possible Subsurface will
request a Pass Code or PIN number. The most commonly-used Pass Code is 0000,
and this works for the Shearwater Petrel. If necessary, consult the user manual of the
dive computer being used.</p></div>
<div class="sidebarblock">
<div class="content">
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/important.png" alt="Important" />
</td>
<td class="content">Currently <em>Subsurface</em> does not support Bluetooth pairing with dive
computers that require a custom PIN code. In order to pair the devices, use other
OS utilities as suggested below.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>One way to achieve this is to use <code>bluetoothctl</code>:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>$ bluetoothctl
[bluetooth]# agent KeyboardOnly
Agent registered
[bluetooth]# default-agent
Default agent request successful
[bluetooth]# pair 00:80:25:49:6C:E3
Attempting to pair with 00:80:25:49:6C:E3
[CHG] Device 00:80:25:49:6C:E3 Connected: yes
Request PIN code
[agent] Enter PIN code: 0000</code></pre>
</div></div>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After the devices are paired, press the <em>Save</em> button of the dialogue.
This closes the Bluetooth dialogue. Now select <em>Download</em> in the <em>Download from
dive computer</em> dialogue which should still be open. The downloaded dives are
shown on the righthand side of the download dialogue.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_on_windows">On Windows:</h5>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/DC_import_Bluetooth_Windows.png" alt="FIGURE: Download Bluetooth on Windows" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>On <em>Windows</em> platforms the <em>Local Bluetooth device details section</em> on the right is not displayed as
is the case on the Linux/Mac systems.
To start a scan (by pressing the <em>Scan</em> button)
check that the Bluetooth device on the <em>Subsurface</em> computer is turned on by selecting
the dive computer from the list of available Bluetooth devices (see image above). If the dive computer
is being accessed by Subsurface for the first time, it’s possible Subsurface will
request a Pass Code or PIN number. Supply the Pass Code recommended in the user manual of the dive computer.
A Pass Code or PIN of 0000 is often the default.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The pairing step is checked and done automatically during
the download process. If the devices have never been paired the system will ask
permission and put a message on the right side of the screen: <em>Add a
device, Tap to set up your DC device</em>. Always allow this pairing. After a
discovered item is selected, select the <em>Save</em> button.
Finally select the <em>Download</em> button on the <em>Download</em> dialogue and wait for the process to complete.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/important.png" alt="Important" />
</td>
<td class="content">Currently <em>Subsurface</em> works only with local Bluetooth
adapters which use Microsoft Bluetooth Stack. If the local device uses
<em>Widcomm</em>, <em>Stonestreet One Bluetopia Bluetooth</em> or <em>BlueSoleil</em> drivers it
will not work. However, Bluetooth hardware/dongles from these manufacturers
(e.g. iSonic) that support the Microsoft Bluetooth Stack do work.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>A log message on the bottom left of the <em>Remote Bluetooth device selection</em>
shows details about the current status of the Bluetooth agent. To
select another dive computer for download using the "Remote Bluetooth selection dialogue"
press the three-dots button from the <em>"Choose Bluetooth download mode"</em> option.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/important.png" alt="Important" />
</td>
<td class="content"><strong>IN CASE OF PROBLEMS</strong>: If the Bluetooth adapter from the <em>Subsurface</em> computer
gets stuck and the <em>Download</em> process fails repeatedly,
<em>unpair</em> the devices and then repeat the above steps. If this is not successful,
<a href="#S_HowFindBluetoothDeviceName"><em>Appendix A</em></a> contains
information for manually setting up and inspecting the Bluetooth connection
with <em>Subsurface</em>.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_DeviceNames">5.2.3. Changing the name of a dive computer</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>It may be necessary to distinguish between different dive computers used to
upload dive logs to <em>Subsurface</em>. For instance if a buddy’s dive computer is the
same make and model as your own and dive logs are uploaded from both dive computers
to the same <em>Subsurface</em> computer, then
you might like to call one "Alice’s Suunto D4" and the other
"Bob’s Suunto D4". Alternatively, consider a technical diver who dives with two or more
dive computers of the same model, the logs of both (or all) being uploaded.
In this case it might be prudent to call one of them
"Suunto D4 (1)" and another "Suunto D4 (2)". This is easily done in <em>Subsurface</em>.
On the <strong>Main Menu</strong>, select <em>Log → Edit device names</em>. A dialog box opens, showing the
current Model, ID and Nickname of the dive computers used for upload. Edit the Nickname
field for the appropriate dive computer. After saving the Nickname, the dive logs
show the nickname for that particular device instead of the model name,
allowing easy identification of devices.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_MultipleDiveComputers">5.2.4. Uploading data for a specific dive from more than one dive computer</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Some divers use more than one dive computer at the same time, e.g. during technical diving.
If you import the dive profiles from these different dive computers into <em>Subsurface</em>, the
profiles can be viewed independently. During upload the data from the dive computers are automatically
merged into a single dive. The different profiles are presented on the <em>Profile</em> panel with
the name of each dive computer indicated at the bottom left.
<strong>While the dive is highlighted in the <em>Dive List</em></strong>, switch between the profiles of the
different dive computers by using either the left/right arrow keyboard keys or
by selecting <em>View → Previous DC</em> or <em>View → Next DC</em>. The data in the <em>Notes</em> panel
are not affected by the specific dive computer that is selected.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_EditDiveInfo">5.2.5. Updating the dive information imported from the dive computer.</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>With the uploaded dives in the <strong>Dive List</strong>, the information from the dive
computer is not complete and more details must be added to have
a full record of the dives. To do this,
the <strong>Notes</strong> and the <strong>Equipment</strong> tabs on the top left hand of the
<em>Subsurface</em> window should be used.</p></div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="S_Notes_dc">Notes</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To have a more complete dive record, the user needs to add
additional information by hand. The procedure
below is virtually identical for hand-entered dives and for dives downloaded from a dive computer.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In some cases,
you must provide the date and time of the dive, for example when entering a dive by hand or when a
dive computer doesn’t provide the date and time of the dive.
(Usually the date and time of the dive, gas mixture and water temperature are
shown as obtained from the dive computer)
If the contents of the <strong>Notes tab</strong> is changed or edited in any way, the message in a blue box at
the top of the panel shows the dive is being edited. If you
click on the <strong>Notes</strong> tab, the following fields are
visible (left hand image, below):</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/AddDive3_f22.jpg" alt="FIGURE: The Notes tab" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The right hand image, above, shows a <strong>Notes tab</strong> filled with dive information.
The <strong>Date</strong> and <strong>Time</strong> fields reflects the date and time of the dive. By clicking
the date, a calendar is displayed for selecting
the correct date. Press ESC to close the calendar.
The time values (hour and minutes) can also be
edited directly by clicking on each of them in the text box and by over-typing the
information displayed.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Air/water temperatures</strong>: Air and water temperatures during the dive are shown
in text boxes to the right of the Start time. Many dive computers supply water
temperature information and this box may have information.
If air temperature isn’t provided by the dive computer, the first temperature reading
might be used for the air temperature. Generally this is close to the real air temperature.
If editing is required, only a value is required, the units of temperature will be
automatically supplied by
<em>Subsurface</em> (following the <em>Preferences</em>, metric or imperial units will
be used).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph" id="S_locations"><p><strong>Location</strong>:</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/warning2.png" alt="Warning" />
</td>
<td class="content">Dive locations are managed as a <strong>separate</strong> part of the dive log.
The dive information in the <strong>Notes</strong> and <strong>Equipment</strong> tabs can therefore NOT be edited at the same
time as the dive site information. Save all the other dive information (e.g.
divemaster, buddy, protective gear, notes about the dive) by selecting <em>Apply changes</em> on the
<strong>Notes</strong> tab BEFORE editing the dive site information. Then supply a dive site name in the
textbox labelled <em>Location</em> on the <strong>Notes</strong> tab.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Using existing dive locations:</strong> Type in the name of the dive site, e.g. "Tihany, Lake Balaton, Hungary".
If several dives are
made at the same location, the site information for the first dive is re-used.
Therefore, if a dive site has been used before, the name of that site (and sometimes
the names of similar sites) appears below the dive site text box (image below). Double-click on
the appropriate dive site name and the dive location will be associated with the
dive being entered. Then select <em>Apply Changes</em> (image below) to save the geolocation for this dive site.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Location1.jpg" alt="FIGURE:Location choice panel" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Entering a new dive location:</strong> On the other hand, having dived at a new dive location,
a new record needs to be created
that could be used for the new and for later dives at this new site. Type the name of the new dive site into the text box
(image A below).</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Globe_image1.jpg" alt="FIGURE:Location creation panel" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Double-click on the blue bar below the new dive location name. The blue bar disappears (image B above) and
the globe icon on the right-hand of the location name text box turns blue. In the Dive Map part of the <em>Subsurface</em> window, a world map appears (image C above). Click on the
blue globe icon to the right of the dive site name in the <em>Notes</em> panel (image B above). This opens a window for entering the details of the new dive location (image A below).
The globe icon changes to indicate that the location data are being edited. The only important
data here are the geographic coordinates of the dive location.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Globe_image2.jpg" alt="FIGURE:Location creation panel" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>There are three ways of adding the coordinates:</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>(1):</strong> Enter coordinates by hand if they are known, using one of
four formats with latitude followed by longitude:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>ISO 6709 Annex D format e.g. 30°13'28.9"N 30°49'1.5"E
Degrees and decimal minutes, e.g. N30° 13.49760' , E30° 49.30788'
Degrees minutes seconds, e.g. N30° 13' 29.8" , E30° 49' 1.5"
Decimal degrees, e.g. 30.22496 , 30.821798</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Southern hemisphere latitudes are given with a <strong>S</strong>, e.g. S30°, or with a
negative value, e.g. -30.22496. Similarly western longitudes are given with a
<strong>W</strong>, e.g. W07°, or with a negative value, e.g. -7.34323. Some keyboards
don’t have the degree sign (°). It can be replaced by a <strong>d</strong> like this: N30d W20d.
Enter any other contextual information about the dive site (Description and Notes),
then select <em>Apply Changes</em> to save the geolocation for this dive site.
The dive site information can later be edited by clicking the globe icon to the right of the
dive site name in the <strong>Notes tab</strong>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>(2):</strong> Use the Dive Map to specify the coordinates. The Dive map now shows
all the existing dive locations in grey as well as an additional marker in red
(image B above). Drag the red marker to the location of the dive site being entered.
The map can be dragged and zoomed using the mouse wheel. Position the red marker
by dragging it on the map, zooming in on the appropriate part of the map and placing
the marker at an appropriate position (image B below). The coordinates of the dive
location are automatically inserted into the appropriate text box in the dive location
information window (image A below). Enter any other contextual information about the dive site (Description and Notes),
then select <em>Apply Changes</em> to save the geolocation for this dive site.
The dive site information can later be edited by clicking the globe icon to the right of the
dive site name in the <strong>Notes tab</strong>.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Globe_image3.jpg" alt="FIGURE:Location creation panel" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Once the dive location data have been saved, the dive on the Dive List has
a globe icon immediately to the left of the location name of a particular dive.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>(3):</strong> Obtain the coordinates using either the Subsurface-Mobile App or the <em>Subsurface</em> Companion App on an
Android or iPhone device with GPS and if the dive site coordinates
were stored using one of these apps.
<a href="#S_Companion">Click here for more information</a></p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/warning2.png" alt="Warning" />
</td>
<td class="content">GPS coordinates of a dive site are linked to the location
name - so <strong>saving</strong> a dive site with only coordinates and no name
causes problems. (Subsurface will think all of these
dives have the same location and try to keep their GPS coordinates the
same).</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Dive site name lookup:</strong> If you typed coordinates into the appropriate
text box, you can do an automated name lookup based on the coordinates.
This is done when <em>Subsurface</em> uses the Internet to find the name of the dive site
based on the coordinates that were given. If a name has been found, it is
automatically inserted into the tags box. The list box
(Titled <em>Dive sites on same coordinates</em>") at the bottom
of the dive site panel contains the names of other dives sites used at the
current location. For instance if the dive site is "Blue Hole" and there are several
sites named "Blue Hole", all of them are listed.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Enter any other contextual information about the dive site (Description and Notes),
then select <em>Apply Changes</em> to save the geolocation for this dive site.
The dive site information can later be edited by clicking the globe icon to the right of the
dive site name in the <strong>Notes tab</strong>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Dive mode</strong>: This is a dropdown box allowing you to choose the type of dive
performed. The options are OC (Open Circuit SCUBA, the default setting, for most recreational dives),
Freedive (dive without SCUBA equipment), CCR (Closed-circuit
rebreather) and pSCR (Passive semi-closed rebreather).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Divemaster</strong>: The name of the divemaster or dive guide should be
entered in this field
which offers auto selection based on the list of divemasters in
the current logbook.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Buddy</strong>: In this field, enter the name(s) of the buddy or buddies
(separated with commas) who were on the
dive. Auto selection based on the list of buddies in the current logbook is
offered.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Suit</strong>: Here the type of dive suit used can be entered.
Auto selection of the suit description is available.
Some dry-suit users may choose to use this field to record what combination of
suit and thermal under suit was used.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Rating</strong>: Provide a subjective overall rating of the dive on a
5-point scale by clicking the appropriate star on the rating scale.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Visibility</strong>: Provide a rating of visibility during the
dive on a 5-point scale by clicking the appropriate star.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Tags</strong>: Tags that describe the type of dive done can be entered
here (separated by commas). Examples of common tags are boat, drift, training,
cave, etc.
<em>Subsurface</em> has many built-in tags. By starting to type a tag, <em>Subsurface</em> lists
the tags that correspond to the typing. For instance, by typing
<code>cav</code>, the tags <strong>cave</strong> and <strong>cavern</strong> are shown to choose from.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Notes</strong>: Any additional information for the dive can be entered here.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <em>Apply changes</em> and <em>Discard changes</em> buttons are used to save all the information for tabs
in the <strong>Info</strong> panel and in the <strong>Dive Profile</strong> panel. Use them
when <strong>ALL</strong> other information has been added. The image <a href="#S_Notes_dc">at the beginning of this section</a>
shows an example of a <strong>Notes tab</strong> after completing the dive information.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_equipment">Equipment</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The Equipment tab allow entering information about the type of
cylinder and gas used, as well as the weights used for the dive. The
message in the blue box at the top of the panel:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/BlueEditBar_f22.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Blue edit bar" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>shows the equipment is being edited. This is a highly interactive part of
<em>Subsurface</em> and the information on
cylinders and gases (entered here) determines the behavior of the <strong>Dive profile</strong>
(top right-hand panel).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph" id="cylinder_definitions"><p><strong>Cylinders</strong>: The cylinder information is entered through a dialogue that looks
like this:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/DC_gas-dialogue1_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Initial cylinder dialogue" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For hand-entered dives, this information needs to be typed in. For dive computers,
<em>Subsurface</em> often gets the gas used from the dive computer and
automatically inserts the gas composition(% oxygen or % helium) in the table. The + button
at the top right allows adding more cylinders for this dive. The dark
dustbin icon on the left allows you to delete information for a cylinder.
Note that it is not possible to delete a cylinder if it is used during the
dive. A cylinder might be implicitly used in the dive, even without a gas change event.
Start by selecting a cylinder type on the left-hand side of the
table. To select a cylinder, the <em>Type</em> box should be clicked. This
brings up a list button that can be used to display a dropdown list of
cylinders:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/DC_gas-dialogue2_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE: The cylinder drop-down list button" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The drop-down list can then be used to select the cylinder type that was used
for this dive, or just start typing in the box which shows the available
options for the entered characters. The
<strong>Size</strong> of the cylinder as well as its working pressure (<em>Work.press</em>) will
automatically be shown in the dialogue.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Next, indicate the starting pressure and the ending pressure of the
specified gas during the dive. The unit of pressure (metric/imperial)
corresponds to the settings chosen in the <em>Preferences</em>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Finally, provide the gas mixture used. If air was used, the
value of 21% can be entered into the oxygen box or this field can be left blank. If nitrox or
trimix were used, their percentages of oxygen and/or helium should be entered.
Any inappropriate fields should be left empty. After typing the
information for the cylinder, save the data
either by pressing <em>ENTER</em> on the keyboard or by clicking outside the cell
containing
the cursor. Information for any additional cylinders can be added by using the + button
at the top right hand. Here is an example of a complete description
for a dive using two cylinders (air and EAN50):</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/CylinderDataEntry3_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE: a completed cylinder dive information table" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Weights</strong>: Information about the weight system used can be entered
using a dialogue similar to that of the cylinder information. If you click
the + button on the top right of the weights dialogue, the table looks like
this:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/WeightsDataEntry1_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE:The Weights dialogue" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>By clicking on the <em>Type</em> field, a drop-down list becomes accessible through a
down-arrow:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/WeightsDataEntry2_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE:Weights type drop-down list button" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This can be used to select the type of weight system
used during the dive. You may start typing in the box
to specify a different weighting mechanism that will be saved by <em>Subsurface</em>.
In the <strong>Weight</strong>
field, type in the amount of weight used during the dive. After
specifying the weight
system, save the data by pressing <em>ENTER</em> on the keyboard or by clicking outside the
cell with the cursor.
It’s possible to enter information for more than one weight system by adding
an additional system
using the + button on the top right hand. Weight systems can be deleted using
the dust bin icon on the left hand. Here is an example of information for a dive
with two types of weights: integrated as well as a weight belt:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/WeightsDataEntry3_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE: A completed weights information table" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_editing_several_selected_dives_simultaneously">5.2.6. Editing several selected dives simultaneously</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>METHOD 1</em>: After downloading dives from
a dive computer, the dive profiles of each is shown in the <strong>Dive profile</strong> tab, as well
as a few items of information
in the <strong>Notes</strong> tab (e.g. water temperature) and in the <strong>Equipment</strong> tab (e.g. gas pressures
and gas composition). Other fields remain empty.
It may be useful to simultaneously edit some of the
fields in the <strong>Notes</strong> and <strong>Equipment</strong> tabs. For instance, it’s possible
that a diver performed several dives during a single day, using identical equipment at the same
dive site, or with the same divemaster and/or buddy or tags. Instead
of completing the information for each
dive separately, select all the dives for that day in the <strong>Dive List</strong> and
insert the same information in the <strong>Notes</strong> and <strong>Equipment</strong> fields that need
identical information. This is done by editing the dive notes or the equipment for any one
of the selected dives.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Simultaneous editing only works with fields that do not already contain information.
This means if some fields have been edited for a particular dive among the selected dives,
these are not changed while
editing the dives simultaneously. Technically, the rule for editing several dives simultaneously is:
if the data field being edited contains <em>exactly the same information</em> for all the dives that have been
selected, the new, edited information is substituted for all the selected dives. Otherwise only the
edited dive is
changed, even though several dives have been selected in the <strong>Dive List</strong>. This speeds
up the completion of the dive log after several similar dives.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph" id="S_CopyComponents"><p><em>METHOD 2</em>:There is a different way of achieving the same goal. Select a dive with all the appropriate information
typed into the <strong>Notes</strong> and <strong>Equipment</strong> tabs. Then, from the main menu, select <em>Log → Copy dive components</em>.
A box is presented with a selection of check boxes for most of the fields in the <strong>Notes</strong> and <strong>Equipment</strong> tabs.
Select the fields to be copied from the currently selected dive, then select <em>OK</em>. Now, in the <strong>Dive List</strong>,
select the dives
into which this information is to be pasted. Then, from the main menu, select <em>Log → Paste dive components</em>.
All the selected dives now contain the data initially selected in the original source dive log.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_Bookmarks">5.2.7. Adding Bookmarks to a dive</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Many divers wish to annotate dives with text that indicate particular events,
e.g. "Saw dolphins", or "Released surface buoy". This is easily
done:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Right-click at the appropriate point on the dive profile.
This brings up the dive profile context menu. Select <em>Add bookmark</em>. A red flag is
placed on the dive profile at that point (see <strong>A</strong> below).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Right-click on the red flag. This brings up the context menu (see <strong>B</strong> below). Select <em>Edit name</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
A text box is shown. Type the explanatory text for the bookmark (see <strong>C</strong> below). Select <em>OK</em>.
This saves the text associated with the bookmark.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Hovering the mouse over the red bookmark, the appropriate text is shown at
the bottom of the information box (see <strong>D</strong> below).
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Bookmarks.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Bookmark dialog" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_saving_the_updated_dive_information">5.2.8. Saving the updated dive information</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The information entered in the <strong>Notes</strong> tab and the <strong>Equipment</strong> tab can be
saved by using the
two buttons on the top right hand of the <strong>Notes</strong> tab. If the <em>Apply changes</em> button
is clicked,
the dive data are saved in the memory image of the dive. If the <em>Discard changes</em>
button is clicked, the newly entered dive data are
erased from the computer memory, although the dive profile is
retained. When the user exits <em>Subsurface</em> there is a final prompt to confirm
the new data should now be saved permanently on the computer disk.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_importing_dive_information_from_other_digital_data_sources_or_other_data_formats">5.3. Importing dive information from other digital data sources or other data formats</h3>
<div class="paragraph" id="S_ImportingAlienDiveLogs"><p>Many divers log their dives using the proprietary software provided by the
manufacturers of their dive computers. <em>Subsurface</em> can import dive logs from a range of
other dive log software. While import from some software is supported natively,
others require
export of the dive log to an intermediate format that can then be imported
into <em>Subsurface</em>.
Currently, <em>Subsurface</em> supports importing CSV log files from several sources.
Dive log import from APD LogViewer, XP5, Sensus and Seabear files are
preconfigured, but because the import is flexible, users can configure their own
imports.
Manually kept log files (e.g. a spreadsheet) can also be imported by
configuring the CSV import.
<em>Subsurface</em> can also import UDDF and UDCF files used by some dive log
software and some dive computers, like the Heinrichs & Weikamp DR5. Finally,
for some dive log software like Mares Dive Organizer we currently recommend
importing the logbook first into a web service like <em>divelogs.de</em> and then import
from there with
<em>Subsurface</em>. Divelogs.de supports a few additional logbook formats that
<em>Subsurface</em> currently cannot handle.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If the format of other software is supported natively on Subsurface, select
either <em>Import → Import log files</em> or <em>File → Open log file</em>. Notice that
the import adds the imported data to the current <strong>Dive list</strong>, and the open style
starts a new dive list. <em>Subsurface</em> supports the data formats
of many dive computers, including Suunto, Shearwater and some CCR equipment. When importing dives, <em>Subsurface</em>
tries to detect multiple records for
the same dive and merges the information as best as it can. If
there are no time zone issues (or other reasons that would cause the
beginning time of the dives to be significantly different) <em>Subsurface</em>
will not create duplicate entries. Below is more specific information
to import data to <em>Subsurface</em>.</p></div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_using_the_universal_import_dialogue">5.3.1. Using the universal import dialogue</h4>
<div class="paragraph" id="Unified_import"><p>Importing dives from other software is done through a universal interface
activated by selecting <em>Import</em> from the Main Menu, then clicking on
<em>Import Log Files</em>. This brings up dialogue <strong>A</strong>, below.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Import1_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Import dialogue: step 1" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Towards the bottom right is a dropdown selector with a default label
of <em>Dive Log Files</em> which accesses different types of direct imports
available, as in dialogue <strong>B</strong>, above. Currently these are:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
XML-formatted dive logs (DivingLog 5.0, MacDive and several other dive log systems)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Cochran dive logs
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
UDDF-formatted dive logs (e.g. Kenozooid)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
UDCF-formatted dive logs
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Poseidon MkVI CCR logs
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
APD Inspiration/Evolution CCR logs
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
LiquiVision logs
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
divelogs.de logs
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
OSTC Tools logs
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
JDiveLog
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Suunto Dive Manager (DM3, DM4, DM5)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
DL7 files used by Diver’s Alert network (DAN)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Underwater technologies AV1 dive logs
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Divesoft dive logs
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Poseidon MK VI eCCR dive logs
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
CSV (text-based and spreadsheet-based) dive logs, including APD CCR logs
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Selecting the appropriate format and then the specific log file in the large window
containing the file list on the right of the dialogue, opens
the imported dive log in the <em>Subsurface</em> <strong>Dive List</strong>. Some other formats not
accessible through the Import dialogue are also supported, as explained below.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_importing_from_ostctools">5.3.2. Importing from OSTCTools</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>OSTC Tools</em> is a Microsoft-based suite of dive download and dive management tools for the OSTC
family of dive computers. <em>OSTC Tools</em> downloads dive data from the dive computer and stores it
as a binary file with file extension <em>.dive</em> . Subsurface can directly import these files when using
the universal import dialogue. From the dropdown list at the bottom right select
<em>OSTCTools Files (.dive .DIVE)</em>. This makes the <em>OSTC Tools</em> dive logs visible in the file list
panel. Select one or more dive, then click the <em>Open</em> button. The OSTC dives are shown in the
<strong>Dive List</strong> panel.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>All H&W devices supported by OSTCTools can be imported to <em>Subsurface</em>. This includes
OSTC, OSTC Mk2, OSTC 2N/2C, OSTC3, OSTC Sport, and probably although untested, Frog, OSTC2 and
OSTC CR.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Please remember that OSTCTools is <strong>not</strong> true diving log software, but rather a useful set of tools
for analysis and management of OSTC devices. Only raw dive computer data will be
imported to <em>Subsurface</em>; the rest of the
data (buddies, equipment, notes, etc) need to be completed manually.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_importing_from_mares_dive_organizer_v2_1">5.3.3. Importing from Mares Dive Organizer V2.1</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Since Mares uses proprietary Windows software not compatible with
multi-platform applications, these dive logs cannot be
directly imported into
<em>Subsurface</em>. Mares dive logs need to be imported using a three-step process,
using <em>www.divelogs.de</em> as a gateway to extract the dive log information.</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
Export the dive log data from Mares Dive Organizer to your
desktop, using
a <em>.sdf</em> file name extension. Refer to <a href="#Mares_Export">Appendix C</a> for more
information.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Data should then be imported into <em>www.divelogs.de</em>. First, create a user
account in
<em>www.divelogs.de</em> and Log into that web site, then
select <em>Import Logbook → Dive Organizer from the menu on the left hand side.
The instructions must be carefully followed to transfer the dive information
(in _.sdf</em> format) from the Dive Organizer database to <em>www.divelogs.de</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Finally, import the dives
from <em>divelogs.de</em> to <em>Subsurface</em>, using the instructions below.
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_SmartTrakImport">5.3.4. Importing Scubapro <em>SmartTrak</em> divelogs</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>SmartTrak</em> stores the raw data from a Uwatec/Scubapro dive computer along with a plethora
of other data manually added by the user, ranging from dive points to buddies data or DAN survey
info. However, this is Microsoft Windows-based propietary software by Uwatec (today Scubapro)
using Microsoft Access databases, preventing the integration the importer into the <em>Subsurface</em>
core application.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>A stand alone tool for Linux has been developed to import the <em>.slg</em> files
generated by SmartTrak to Subsurface’s <em>.xml</em> format. It can be downloaded
from <a href="https://subsurface-divelog.org/downloads">the usual <em>Subsurface</em> repository</a>,
as a Windows installer or a Linux AppImage.
The application is not currently supported on Mac.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>It can also be built for Linux systems. Two dependencies need to be met in your
system before building: <em>glib2.0</em> and <em>mdbtools</em> (see below).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In addition, a web service is available for divelog convertions from SmartTrak to <em>Subsurface</em> (see below).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Feel free to contact the <em>Subsurface</em> development team on <a href="mailto:subsurface@subsurface-divelog.org">our mailing list</a>
for assistance in importing <em>SmartTrak</em> dive logs.</p></div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_building_em_smtk2ssrf_em">Building <em>smtk2ssrf</em></h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Assuming the above dependencies
have been installed and the <em>Subsurface</em> source tree is in the directory <em>~/src/subsurface</em>, then:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Move to the source tree directory out of <em>Subsurface</em> (e.g. ~/src)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Run " $ ./subsurface/scripts/smtk2ssrf-build.sh ", if every thing has gone
fine, you will now have an executable named smtk2ssrf in
~/src/subsurface/smtk-import/build
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
You can run it from this directory, copy it to another one, e.g. <em>~/bin</em> or
simply run "sudo make install", and the binary will be installed in
/usr/local/bin (which is commonly included in every $PATH).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The script has some options mostly useful for development pourposes. If you
think you may need them, please read comments on script header itself.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>WARNING</strong>: While building smtk2ssrf, a light version of <em>Subsurface</em> is
built (usable but lacking a lot of features). So, if you commonly use the
built executable placed at ~/subsurface/build/, you will need to rebuild it as
explained in this manual above.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_running">Running</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>smtk2ssrf</em> accepts 0, 2 or more parameters. If it is launched without
parameters in a graphical user interface, a simple window
opens for choosing the <em>.slg</em> file(s) to import and a destination file to store the
<em>Subsurface</em>-formatted data into (see image below).</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/smtk2ssrf.jpg" alt="FIGURE:Download from SmartTrak" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/warning2.png" alt="Warning" />
</td>
<td class="content">Existing data in the destination file will be
erased, so <strong>DO NOT</strong> use a regular subsurface divelog file as a destination:
rather, specify a <strong>new</strong> filename as a destination.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If launched from a command line with two or more parameters, the format is as follows:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>$ smrtk2ssrf /input/file_1.slg /input/file_2.slg /output/file3.xml</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>where <em>input</em> is the directory containing the .slg file(s) and <em>output</em> is the
directory where the <em>Subsurface</em>-formatted output is written to.
Files <em>file_1.slg</em> and <em>file_2.slg</em> in the <em>input</em> directory are imported and stored
in <em>file3.xml</em> in the <em>output</em> directory. Check any warning and error messages
in the console or in the graphical window: some may be
relevant as support for Galileo family of dive computers is still a work in
progress.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_for_the_lazy_a_web_service_to_convert_em_smarttrak_em_to_em_subsurface_em">For the lazy: a web service to convert <em>SmartTrak</em> to <em>Subsurface</em></h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Open the website at:</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>https://thetheoreticaldiver.org/rch-cgi-bin/smtk2ssrf.pl</em></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This is a no-frills
web service for converting <em>SmartTrak</em> dive logs to <em>Subsurface</em>. Select the browse button. This allows
you to browse your computer directories and to select the <em>SmartTrak</em> divelog to be converted. Once it has been selected,
click the <em>Submit query</em> button. After a short while, a dialog box appears (image below) for saving the converted file to
the local computer.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/strk2ssrf_web.jpg" alt="FIGURE:Web service to convert SmartTrak divelog" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_merging_the_imported_dives_with_the_existing_divelog">Merging the imported dives with the existing divelog</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Open the new file (generated in the previous steps) using <em>Subsurface</em> and check the dives and data.
If everything is fine, close the <em>.xml</em> file and open your regular divelog.
Then from the <strong>Main Menu</strong> select <em>Import → Import log file</em> and choose the
<em>.xml</em> file containing the imported dives: these will show in the <strong>Dive List</strong>, time
ordered, along with the existing dives.
The new dives, although time ordered, will keep the numbering system from
<em>SmartTrak</em>, so a renumbering action is needed. See the section on <a href="#S_Renumber">Renumbering
the dives</a> for instructions on this topic.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_ImportingDivelogsDe">5.3.5. Importing dives from <strong>divelogs.de</strong></h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Importing dive information from <em>divelogs.de</em> is simple, using a single
dialogue box. The <em>Import → Import from Divelogs.de</em> option should be selected
from the Main Menu. This
brings up a dialogue box (see image <strong>A</strong> below). Enter a
user-ID and password for <em>divelogs.de</em> and then
select
the <em>Download</em> button. Download from <em>divelogs.de</em> starts immediately,
displaying a progress bar in the dialogue box. At the end of the download, the
success status is shown (see image <strong>B</strong>, below). The
<em>Apply</em> button should then be selected, after which the imported dives appear in the
<em>Subsurface</em> <strong>Dive List</strong> panel.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Divelogs1.jpg" alt="FIGURE:Download from Divelogs.de" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_ImportingCSVData">5.3.6. Importing data in CSV format</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>A comma-separated file (.csv) can be used to import dive information either as dive profiles
(as in the case of the APD Inspiration and Evolution closed circuit rebreathers) or as dive
metadata (in case the user keeps dive data in a spreadsheet). The <em>CSV</em> format is a universal
simplified format that allows easy information exchange between different computers or
software packages. For an introduction to CSV-formatted files see <a href="#S_CSV_Intro">A Diver’s
Introduction To CSV Files</a>. <em>Subsurface</em> dive logs can also be exported in <em>CSV</em> format to
other software that reads this format. See <a href="#S_Appendix_D">APPENDIX D: Exporting a spreadsheet
to CSV format</a> for information that may be helpful for importing spreadsheet-based data
into <em>Subsurface</em>.</p></div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="S_ImportingCSVDives">Importing dives in CSV format from dive computers or other dive log software</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>CSV</em> files can be viewed using an ordinary text editor. A <em>CSV</em> file is normally organized into
a single line that provides the headers (or <em>field names</em> or <em>column headings</em>) of the data
columns, followed by the data, one record per line.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>There are two types of <em>CSV</em> dive logs that can be imported into <em>Subsurface</em>:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
<em>CSV dive details</em>: This dive log format contains similar information to that of a
typical written dive log, e.g. dive date and time, dive depth, dive duration, names of
buddy and divemaster and information about cylinder pressures before and
after the dive, as well as comments about the dive. All the data for a single
dive go on a single line of text, following the order of the column headings.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>CSV dive profile</em>: This dive log format includes much more information about a single
dive. For instance there may be information at 30-second intervals, indicating depth, water
temperature, and cylinder pressure at that moment in time. Each line contains
the information for a single instant in time during the dive, 30 seconds after that
of the previous instant. Many lines
are required to complete the depth profile information for a single dive. This is a common
export format used by closed-circuit rebreather (CCR) dive equipment and many software
packages that handle dive computer data and/or dive logs.
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Before being able to import the <em>CSV</em> data to <em>Subsurface</em> <strong>you need to know a few
things about the data being imported</strong>:</p></div>
<div class="olist loweralpha"><ol class="loweralpha">
<li>
<p>
Which character separates the different columns within a single line of
data? This field separator should be either a comma (,) a semicolon (;) or a TAB character.
This can be determined by opening the file with a text editor. If it is
comma-delimited or semicolon-delimited, the comma or semicolon
characters between the values are clearly visible. If these are not evident and
the numbers are aligned in columns,
the file is probably TAB-delimited (i.e. it uses a TAB as a field separator).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Which data columns need to be imported into <em>Subsurface</em>? Is it a <em>CSV dive details</em>
file or a <em>CSV dive profile</em> file? Open the file using a text editor and note
the titles of the columns to be imported and their column positions.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Is the numeric information (e.g. dive depth) in metric or in imperial units?
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>With this information, importing the data into <em>Subsurface</em> is
straightforward. Select
<em>Import → Import Log Files</em> from the main menu. In the resulting file
selection menu, select <em>CSV files</em> (towards the bottom right). This shows all .CSV files in the selected
directory. Select the file that needs to be imported. A configuration panel
appears as depicted below:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/csv_import1_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE: CSV download dialogue 1" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>At the top left, there is a dropdown list containing pre- configured
settings for common dive computers and software packages.
If the <em>CSV</em> file being imported originated from any of
these pre-configured items, select it. Otherwise use the <em>Manual Import</em>
option. The configuration panel also has dropdown lists for the specification of the appropriate
field separator (Tab, comma or semicolon), the date format used in the <em>CSV</em> file,
the time units (seconds, minutes or minutes:seconds), as well as the unit system
(metric or imperial). Selecting the appropriate options among these is critical for
successful data import.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Complete this by ensuring that all the data columns have the appropriate
column headings. The top blue row of the data table contains the column
headings found in the <em>CSV</em> data file. The blue row of balloons immediately above these
contains the names understood by <em>Subsurface</em>. These balloons can be moved using a drag-and-drop action. For
instance, <em>Subsurface</em> expects the column heading for Dive number (" # ") to be "Dive # ". If
the column heading that <em>Subsurface</em> expects is not in the blue row, drag the
appropriate balloon from the upper area and drop it in the appropriate blue
cell at the top of the table. For example, to indicate the correct column for "Dive #", drag
the ballooned item labelled "Dive # " and drop it in the blue
cell immediately above the white cell containing " # ", depicted in
the image below.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/csv_import2_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE: CSV download dialogue 2" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Continue in this way to ensure all the column headings in the blue row of
cells correspond to the headings listed in the top part of the dialogue.
When finished, select the <em>OK</em> button on the bottom right of the dialogue.
The data from the <em>CSV</em> file are imported and shown in the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel.</p></div>
<div class="sidebarblock" id="S_CSV_Intro">
<div class="content">
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>A Diver’s Introduction to <em>CSV</em> Files</strong></p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/important.png" alt="Important" />
</td>
<td class="content"><em>CSV</em> is an abbreviation for a data file format: <em>Comma-Separated Values</em>. It is a
file format that allows you to view or edit information using a text editor like
Notepad (Windows), gedit (Linux) or TextWrangler (OS/X). There are two main advantages of
the <em>CSV</em> format. First, the data are easily editable as text without any proprietary software.
Second, all information is human-readable, not obscured by any custom or
proprietary attributes that proprietary software inserts into files.
Because of its simplicity the <em>CSV</em> format is used
as an interchange format between many software packages, e.g. between
spreadsheet, statistical, graphics, database and diving software. Within <em>Subsurface</em>, <em>CSV</em> files can also
be used to import information from other sources like spreadsheet-based dive logs and
some dive computers.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The most important attribute of a
<em>CSV</em> file is the <em>field separator</em>, the character used to separate fields within a single line. The
field separator is frequently a comma, a colon, a SPACE character or a TAB character. When exporting data from
spreadsheet software, the field separator needs to be specified in order to create the <em>CSV</em> file. <em>CSV</em> files are
normally organized into a single line that provides the headers (or <em>field names</em>) of the data columns,
followed by the data, one record per line. Note that each field name
may comprise more than one word separated by spaces; for instance <em>Dive site</em>, below. Here is an example of
dive information for four dives using a comma as a field separator:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>Dive site,Dive date,Time,Dive_duration, Dive_depth,Dive buddy
Illovo Beach,2012-11-23,10:45,46:15,18.4,John Smith
Key Largo,2012-11-24,09:12,34:15,20.4,Jason McDonald
Wismar Baltic,2012-12-01,10:13,35:27,15.4,Dieter Albrecht
Pulau Weh,2012-12-20,09:46,55:56,38.6,Karaeng Bontonompo</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The above data are not easily read by a human. Here is the same information in TAB-delimited format:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>Dive site Dive date Time Dive_duration Dive_depth Dive buddy
Illovo Beach 2012-11-23 10:45 46:15 18.4 John Smith
Key Largo 2012-11-24 09:12 34:15 20.4 Jason McDonald
Wismar Baltic 2012-12-01 10:13 35:27 15.4 Dieter Albrecht
Pulau Weh 2012-12-20 09:46 55:56 38.6 Karaeng Bontonompo</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>It is clear why many people prefer the TAB-delimited format to the comma-delimited format. The
disadvantage is that you cannot see
the TAB characters. For instance, the space between <em>Dive</em> and <em>date</em> in the top line may be
a SPACE character or a TAB character (in this case it is a SPACE character: the tabs are before and
after <em>Dive date</em>). If the field names in the first line are long, the alignment with data in the other lines
cannot be maintained. Here is a highly simplified and shortened TAB-delimited example of a <em>CSV</em> dive log
from an APD closed-circuit rebreather (CCR) dive computer:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>Dive Time (s) Depth (m) pO~2~ - Setpoint (Bar) pO~2~ - C1 Cell 1 (Bar) Ambient temp. (Celsius)
0 0.0 0.70 0.81 13.1
0 1.2 0.70 0.71 13.1
0 0.0 0.70 0.71 13.1
0 1.2 0.70 0.71 13.2
0 1.2 0.70 0.71 13.1
10 1.6 0.70 0.72 12.7
20 1.6 0.70 0.71 12.6
30 1.7 0.70 0.71 12.6
40 1.8 0.70 0.68 12.5</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When a <em>CSV</em> file is selected for import, <em>Subsurface</em> displays the column headers as well as some of the data
in the first few lines of the <em>CSV</em> file, making it much easier to work with <em>CSV</em> files.
<em>CSV</em> files can be used in many contexts for importing data into a <em>Subsurface</em> dive log.
Knowing a few basic things about the content of the <em>CSV</em> file helps with a smooth import
of the dives into <em>Subsurface</em>.</p></div>
</div></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/important.png" alt="Important" />
</td>
<td class="content">But, the <em>CSV</em> import has a couple of caveats. Avoid some special characters
like ampersand (&), less than (<), greater than (>) and double quotes (") as part
of the numbers or text within a cell. The
file should use UTF-8 character set, if using non-ASCII characters. Also the
size of the <em>CSV</em> file might cause problems. Importing 100 dives at a time
(<em>CSV dive details</em>) works, but larger files might exceed
the limits of the parser used. When encountering problems with <em>CSV</em> imports, first try with
a smaller file to make sure everything works.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_importing_dive_coordinates_from_a_mobile_device_with_gps">5.4. Importing Dive coordinates from a mobile device with GPS.</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>A smartphone with built-in GPS facilities can be used to store the locations of dives.
This is performed by:</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>1) Taking the mobile device along on the dive boat / liveabord while
automatically collecting dive site coordinate information.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>2) Uploading the coordinates from the mobile device to the <em>Subsurface</em> Internet server.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>3) Syncronising the dives in the <em>Subsurface</em> dive list with the coordinates stored
on the <em>Subsurface</em> Internet server.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Subsurface</em> has two tools for achieving this:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
The <em>Subsurface Companion App</em> (Android and iOS).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The <em>Subsurface-mobile</em> app (Android and iOS)
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Both of these applications perform the collection of dive site coordinates and
the synchronisation with dives in the <em>Subsurface</em> dive list. However, the Companion App
is not being further developed and has largely been replaced by the <em>Subsurface-mobile</em>
app. While the <em>Companion app</em> serves exclusively to collect dive site coordinates and
to make these available to the <em>Subsurface</em> desktop version, <em>Subsurface-mobile</em> performs
many of the functions of the desktop version, including the management and viewing of dive
information. Below, we describe how to perform the above three steps using each of the two
mobile apps.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For information on using the <em>Subsurface Companion App</em>, click <a href="#S_Companion"><em>here</em></a>.</p></div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_storing_and_and_using_gps_locations_using_em_subsurface_mobile_em">5.4.1. Storing and and using GPS locations using <em>Subsurface-mobile</em></h4>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_install_em_subsurface_mobile_em">Install <em>Subsurface-mobile</em></h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Find <em>Subsurface-mobile</em> on Google Play and install it on an Android device. The app
is free. The iOS version is currently experimental. <em>Subsurface-mobile</em> has an extensive
<a href="https://subsurface-divelog.org/documentation/subsurface-mobile-user-manual">user manual</a>
accessible from within that app.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_create_a_em_subsurface_mobile_em_account">Create a <em>Subsurface-mobile</em> account</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This topic is discussed at length in the <em>Subsurface-mobile</em> user manual. In the
Credentials screen of <em>Subsurface-mobile</em> provide an e-mail address and a user
password that enables subsequent access. A PIN number is e-mailed from the
<em>Subsurface</em> Internet server to the e-mail address that has been provided.
Type the PIN into the appropriate text field in the Credentials screen (see image below).
The <em>Subsurface</em> Internet server notifies the user that a new user has been registered.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>N.B.:</strong> To successfully create a user account, the mobile device must have Internet connectivity,
either through the cellular network or via wifi.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/MobileCredentials.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Subsurface-mobile, credentials screen" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_configure_auto_collecting_of_gps_coordinates">Configure auto-collecting of GPS coordinates</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Activate the main menu of <em>Subsurface-mobile</em> by selecting the "hamburger" menu button
at the bottom left of the <em>Subsurface-mobile</em> screen (see image above), then select
<em>GPS</em> → <em>Preferences</em> (see image below). The collection of GPS locations is done in the background and
automatically, using two settings:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Time threshold.</em> (minutes). The app will try to get a location every X minutes
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Distance threshold.</em> (meters). Minimum distance between two locations.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>How are GPS coordinates collected?</strong> Assuming the diver sets 5 minutes and 50
meters in the settings above, the app will start by recording a location at the current
location, followed by another one at every 5 minutes <strong>or</strong> every time you move 50 m
from previous location, whichever happens first.
If subsequent locations are within a radius of 50 meters from the previous one,
a new location is not saved. If the diver is not moving, only one location is
saved, at least until the <em>Time-threshold</em> period has elapsed.
If the diver moves, a trace of the route is obtained by saving a location every 50 meters.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_activate_the_automated_recording_of_gps_locations">Activate the automated recording of GPS locations</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <em>Subsurface-mobile</em> GPS menu has an option at the bottom labled
<em>Run location service</em> (see image below). Selecting this starts the automated recording
of GPS positions.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/MobileGpsMenu.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Subsurface-mobile GPS menu" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_after_the_dive_stop_the_automated_recording_of_gps_locations">After the dive, stop the automated recording of GPS locations</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Select the menu option <em>Disable location service</em> at the bottom of the <em>Subsurface-mobile</em> GPS menu.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_upload_the_gps_locations_onto_the_em_subsurface_em_internet_server">Upload the GPS locations onto the <em>Subsurface</em> Internet server.</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>N.B.:</strong> Uploading the GPS locations to the Internet can only take place if the mobile
device has reliable access to the Internet, either via a cellular network or
via a wifi connection. If the Internet is not accessible from the dive site(s),
then GPS uploading can only take place after the dive or after the dive trip,
when an Internet connection has been re-established.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>From the <em>Subsurface-mobile</em> main menu, select <em>GPS</em> → <em>Upload GPS data</em>. The
locations are uploaded.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_apply_the_stored_gps_locations_to_dives_on_the_em_subsurface_em_dive_list">Apply the stored GPS locations to dives on the <em>Subsurface</em> dive list.</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Subsurface</em> collects the first GPS location recorded after the start of a dive
(obtained within <em>Subsurface</em> from either the dive computer or from the
manually-entered dive information) and before the end of a dive. These
coordinates are shown in the <em>Coordinates</em> field of the dive site panel
for each dive. Within the dive site panel, provide a name for the
coordinates that have been assigned to the dive, following the instructions
under the heading above <a href="#S_locations"><em>Location</em> management</a>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <a href="https://subsurface-divelog.org/documentation/subsurface-mobile-user-manual">user manual for <em>Subsurface-mobile</em></a> (accessible from within that app)
contains detailed instructions for
performing the collection of GPS data and for managing, uploading and
synchronising this information.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_Companion">5.4.2. Importing GPS coordinates with the <em>Subsurface Companion App</em> for mobile phones</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Using the <strong>Subsurface Companion App</strong> on an <em>Android device</em> or
<a href="#S_iphone"><em>iPhone</em></a> with GPS, the coordinates
for the diving
location can be automatically passed to the <em>Subsurface</em> dive log. The Companion App
stores dive locations on a dedicated Internet server. <em>Subsurface</em> can collect
the locations from the server.
To do this:</p></div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_create_a_companion_app_account">Create a Companion App account</h5>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Register on the <a href="http://api.hohndel.org/login/"><em>Subsurface companion web page</em></a>.
A confirmation email with instructions and a personal <strong>DIVERID</strong> will be sent,
a long number enabling access to the file server and Companion App capabilities.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Download the app from
<a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.subsurface">Google Play Store</a>
or from
<a href="https://f-droid.org/repository/browse/?fdfilter=subsurface&fdid=org.subsurface">F-Droid</a>.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_using_the_subsurface_companion_app_on_an_android_smartphone">Using the Subsurface companion app on an Android smartphone</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>On first use the app has three options:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Create a new account.</em> Equivalent to registering in the <em>Subsurface</em> companion
page using an Internet browser. You can request a <strong>DIVERID</strong> using this option,
but it’s supplied via email and followed up by interaction with the
<a href="http://api.hohndel.org/login/"><em>Subsurface companion web page</em></a> to
activate the account.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Retrieve an account.</em> If you forget your <strong>DIVERID</strong> you will receive an email
to recover the ID string.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Use an existing account.</em> You are prompted for your <strong>DIVERID</strong>. The app saves
this <strong>DIVERID</strong> and doesn’t ask for it again unless you use the <em>Disconnect</em> menu
option (see below).
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/important.png" alt="Important" />
</td>
<td class="content">In the <em>Subsurface</em> main program, the <strong>DIVERID</strong> should also be entered on the
Default Preferences
panel, by selecting <em>File → Preferences → General</em> from the main menu
in <em>Subsurface</em> itself.
This helps synchronization between <em>Subsurface</em> and the Companion App.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Creating new dive locations</strong></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Now you are ready to get a dive position and
send it to the server. The Android
display looks like the left hand image (<strong>A</strong>) below, but without any dives.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Touch the + icon at the top right to add a new dive site. A menu
with 3 options shows:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Current: A prompt for a place name is shown (or a request to activate the GPS if it is turned
off), after which the current location is saved.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Use Map: This option allows you to fix a position by searching a world map. A
world map is shown (see <strong>B</strong> below). Specify the desired position
with a <em>long press</em> on the touch
sensitive screen (if the marked location is wrong, simply choose a new location)
and select the check symbol in the upper right. A dialog is shown allowing you to enter the
name of the dive location and the date and time of the dive (see <strong>C</strong> below). In order to import this
dive location in <em>Subsurface</em>, set the time to agree with the time of
that dive on the dive computer.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Companion_5.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Companion App, add location using map" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Import local GPX file: The Android device searches for .gpx files and located
archives will be shown. The selected .gpx file is opened and its
locations shown. Now select the appropriate locations, and select the check
symbol in the upper right to add them.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>List of dive locations</strong></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The main screen shows a list of dive locations, each with a name, date and
time (see <strong>A</strong> below). Some locations may have an arrow-up icon over the selection box to the left
showing they need to be uploaded to the server. You
can select individual dive locations from the list. A selected location has a
check mark in the selection box on the left. Group operations (like <em>Delete</em> or <em>Send</em>)
are performed on several selected locations.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Dive locations in this list can be viewed in two ways: a list of locations or a
map showing them. The display mode (List or Map) is changed by
selecting <em>Dives</em> at the top left of the screen (see <strong>A</strong> below) and then selecting
the display mode. The display mode can be changed either from the list
of locations or from the map (see <strong>B</strong> below). Upon selecting a location (on the list
or on the map), an editing
panel opens (see <strong>C</strong> below) where the dive description or other details may be changed.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Companion_4.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Companion App, add location using map" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Upon selecting a dive (<strong>not</strong> selecting the check box), the
name given to it, date/time and GPS coordinates are shown with two options at the top
of the screen:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Edit (pencil): Change the name of the dive location.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Maps: Display a map showing the dive location.
After editing and saving a dive location (see <strong>C</strong> above),
upload it to the web
service, as explained below.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Uploading dive locations</strong></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>There are several ways to send locations to the server.
The easiest is simply
selecting the locations (See <strong>A</strong> below) and then touching the right arrow at the
top right of the screen.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/important.png" alt="Important" />
</td>
<td class="content">Be careful! The trash icon on the right means exactly what it should;
it deletes the selected dive location(s).</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Companion_1.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Screen shots (A-B) of companion app" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After a dive trip using the Companion App, all dive locations are ready to be
downloaded to a <em>Subsurface</em> dive log (see below).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Settings on the Companion App</strong></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Selecting the <em>Settings</em> menu option results in the right hand image above (<strong>B</strong>).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Server and account</em></p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Web-service URL.</em> This is predefined (<a href="http://api.hohndel.org/">http://api.hohndel.org/</a>)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>User ID.</em> The DIVERID obtained by registering as described above. The easiest way to
get it is to copy and paste from the confirmation email or just type it in.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Synchronisation</em></p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Synchronize on startup</em>. If selected, dive locations in the Android device and those
on the web service synchronize each time the app is started.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Upload new dives.</em> If selected, each time the user adds a dive location it is
automatically sent to the server.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Background service</em></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Instead of entering an unique dive location, you can leave the service running
in the background, allowing a continuous collection of GPS locations.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The settings below define the behavior of the service:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Min duration.</em> In minutes. The app will try to get a location every X minutes
until stopped by the user.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Min distance.</em> In meters. Minimum distance between two locations.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Name template.</em> The name the app will use when saving the locations.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/info.jpg" alt="Tip" />
</td>
<td class="content"><em>How does the background service work?</em> Assuming the diver sets 5 minutes and 50
meters in the settings above, the app will start by recording a location at the current
location, followed by another one at every 5 minutes <strong>or</strong> every time one moves 50 m
from previous location.
If subsequent locations are within a radius of 50 meters from the previous one,
a new location is not saved. If the diver is not moving, only one location is saved.
If the diver is moving, a trace of the route is obtained by saving a
location every 50 meters.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Other</em></p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Mailing List.</em> The mail box for <em>Subsurface</em>. Users can send an email to the
Subsurface mailing list.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Subsurface website.</em> A link to the URL of Subsurface web
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Version.</em> Displays the current version of the Companion App.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Search</em></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Search the saved dive locations by name or by date and time.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Start service</em></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Starts the <em>background service</em> following the previously defined settings.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Disconnect</em></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This is admittedly a badly named option that disconnects the app from the server.
It resets the user ID in the app, showing the first screen where an account
can be created, retrieve the ID for an existing account or use the users own
ID. The <em>Disconnect</em> option
is useful if the Android device was used to download the dive locations
of another registered diver.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Send all locations</em></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This option sends all locations stored in the Android device to the server.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="S_iphone">Using the Subsurface companion app on an <em>iPhone</em> to record dive locations</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The iPhone interface is quite simple. Type the user ID (obtained
during registration) into the space reserved for it, then select "Dive in"
(see left part of the image below) and start collecting dive location information.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/iphone.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Using iPhone companion application" width="640" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Dives can be added automatically or manually. In manual mode, a dive location or waypoint is added to the GPS input stream. In automatic
mode, a continuous path of GPS locations is created from which,
after import, Subsurface can select the appropriate GPS
locations based on the times of dives. The default mode for the
<em>iphone</em> is automatic. When adding a dive, the
location service is started automatically and a red bar appears at the bottom
of the screen. After the dive, click on the red
bar to end the location service. While the location
service is running you can only add dives manually.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>You can edit the site name afterwards by selecting the dive
from the dive list and clicking on the site name. There are no other
editable fields. The dive list is automatically uploaded from the iPhone
to the web service. There is no option to
trigger upload manually.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Downloading dive locations to the <em>Subsurface</em> divelog</strong></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Download dive(s) from a dive computer or enter them manually into
<em>Subsurface</em> before obtaining the GPS coordinates from the server. The download
dialog can be reached via <em>Ctrl+G</em> or from the <em>Subsurface</em> Main Menu <em>Import
→ Import GPS data from Subsurface Service</em>, resulting in the image on the
left (<strong>A</strong>), below. On first use the DIVERID text box is blank. Provide a
DIVERID, then select the <em>Download</em> button to start the download process, after
which the screen on the right (<strong>B</strong>) below appears:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/DownloadGPS.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Downloading Companion app GPS data" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Note that the <em>Apply</em> button is now active: selecting it updates the locations
of the newly entered or uploaded dives in <em>Subsurface</em>, i.e. it applies the
coordinates and names entered on the app to all the new dives that match the
date-times of the uploaded GPS localities. The names of dive
locations entered within <em>Subsurface</em> (i.e. before downloading the GPS coordinates) have
precedence over downloaded dive locations.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Since <em>Subsurface</em> matches GPS locations from the mobile device and dive information from the
dive computer based on date-time data, automatic assignment of GPS data to dives depends
on agreeing date-time information between the two devices. Although <em>Subsurface</em> has
a wide range tolerance, it may not be able to identify the appropriate dive if there is a
large difference between the time in the dive computer and that of the Android device.
This results in no updates.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Similar date-times may not always be possible and there may be many reasons for this (e.g. time zones).
<em>Subsurface</em> may also be unable to decide which is the correct position for a dive (e.g. on repetitive
dives while running <em>background service</em> there may be several locations that would be
included in the time range that fit not only the first dive, but one or more subsequent dives as well).
A workaround to manually edit the date-time of a dive in the <em>Subsurface</em>
Dive List <strong>before</strong> downloading the GPS data and then to change the date-time back again <strong>after</strong>
downloading GPS data.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/info.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">TIPS:</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Background service</em> may fill the location list with
unnecessary locations that don’t correspond to the exact dive point but do correspond to the boat’s route.
Right now, these locations are difficult to delete from the server. In some situations it
is better to clean up the list on the mobile device before sending the dive points to the web
server by simply deleting the inappropriate locations. This might be necessary, for
instance, to keep the location list clear to see dives in the web service map display (see above).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
It may also be useful to give informative names to the locations sent to the web server, or at least
to use an informative name in the <em>Name Template</em> setting while running the <em>background service</em>,
especially on a dive trip with many dives and dive locations.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_LoadImage">5.5. Adding photographs to dives</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Many (if not most) divers take photographs
during a dive. <em>Subsurface</em> allows the storage and display of photographs for each dive. Photos are
superimposed on the dive profile at the times during the dive when they were taken. They can also be viewed
from the dive profile.</p></div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_loading_photos_and_synchronizing_between_dive_computer_and_camera">5.5.1. Loading photos and synchronizing between dive computer and camera</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Right-click on a dive or on a group of dives on the dive list, bringing up the <a href="#S_DiveListContextMenu">Dive list context Menu</a>.
Select the appropriate option to import images either from
file or from the Internet. The system file browser appears. Select the folder and
photographs that need to be loaded into <em>Subsurface</em> and click the <em>Open</em> button.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/LoadImage2_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Load images option" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If photos are imported from the Internet, provide a URL pointing to a single photograph.
If the URL points to a directory, no images are imported: photos from the Internet
need to be imported one at a time. If photos are loaded from the Internet, <em>Subsurface</em>
assumes there is an Internet connection each time this photo is viewed within
<em>Subsurface</em>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Having selected the local folder or Internet image to be imported, the time synchronization dialog appears (see image below). The time
synchronization is not perfect between the dive computer used during a dive
and the camera used during that same dive. These two devices
often differ by several minutes. <em>Subsurface</em> attempts to synchronize these two devices
so that the exact times of photographs can be used to position photographs on
the dive profile.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Subsurface</em> synchronizes camera with dive computer in three ways:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Pro-actively</strong>: Before the dive, ensure synchronization of the dive computer time settings with
the time settings of the camera by changing the date-time settings on one or both of these devices.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Manually</strong>: Writing down the exact camera time at the start of a dive allows using the
difference in time between the two devices. As long as the device
settings for time has not been changed in either device, the times of
both devices after the dive or even at the end of the day allows manually setting the time
difference in the <em>Time shift</em> dialog (see image below). Towards the top of the dialog is a time
setting tool immediately under the heading <em>Shift times of image(s) by</em>, in the image below.
If the camera time is 7 minutes later than that of the dive computer, set the time setting
tool to a value of 00:07 and select the <em>Earlier</em> radio button.
This is appropriate, since the photos need to be shifted
7 minutes earlier (camera is 7 minutes ahead of dive computer). Ignore any "AM" or "PM" suffix
in that tool. Click the <em>OK</em> button and synchronization is done.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/LoadImage3b_f23.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Synchronization dialog" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<strong>By photograph</strong>: There is a very slick way of achieving synchronization, requiring a
photograph of the face of the dive computer showing the time. <em>Subsurface</em> gets
the exact time the photograph was taken, using the metadata the camera stores within
each photo and compares this with the time visible on the photo. To do this, use the
bottom half of the <em>Time shift</em> dialog. In this case the top part of the dialog is ignored. Click on
the horizontal bar called <em>Select image of dive computer showing time</em>. This brings up
a file browser for selecting the photograph of the dive computer time. Select the
photograph using the file browser and click on <em>OK</em>. This photograph of the dive computer
appears in the bottom panel of the <em>Shift times</em> dialog. Now <em>Subsurface</em> knows exactly
when the photograph was taken. Now set the date-time dialog to the left of the photo
so it reflects the date and time of the dive computer in the photo. When the
date-time tool has been set, <em>Subsurface</em> knows exactly what the time difference between
camera and dive computer is, and it can synchronize the devices. The image below shows
a photograph of the face of the dive computer and with the date-time tool set to the
date-time.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/LoadImage3c_f23.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Synchronization dialog" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If the timestamp of a photograph is more than 30 minutes before or after the dive, it is not placed on
the dive profile (see the red warning in the image above). However, If the appropriate checkbox is selected (see image above) these images can still be placed on the <em>Photos</em> tab of the <strong>Notes</strong> panel so that all photos associated with a dive are visible, including photos taken before or after the dive.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_viewing_the_photos">5.5.2. Viewing the photos</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After the images have been loaded, they appear in two places:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
the <em>Photos</em> tab of the <strong>Notes</strong> panel (left part of image below).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
as tiny icons (stubs) on the dive profile at the appropriate positions reflecting the time
each photograph was taken.
To view the photos on the dive profile, activate the <em>show-photos</em> button in the tool bar
to the left of the dive profile:
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:left;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/icons/ShowPhotos_f20.png" alt="FIGURE:Show photos toolbar button" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This results in a profile display as in the image below:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/LoadImage4_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Photos on dive profile" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Hover the mouse over any of the photo stubs. A thumbnail photo
is shown of the appropriate photo. See the image below:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/LoadImage5_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE:Thumbnail photo on dive profile" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Clicking on the thumbnail brings up a full size
photo overlaid on the <em>Subsurface</em> window, allowing a good view of
the photographs (see the image below). <strong>Note</strong> that the thumbnail
has a small dustbin icon in the bottom right hand corner (see image above). Selecting
the dustbin removes the image from the dive. Be careful
when clicking on a thumbnail. Images
can also be deleted using the <em>Photos</em> tab (see text below).</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/LoadImage6_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Full-screen photo on dive profile" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_the_em_photos_em_tab">5.5.3. The <em>Photos</em> tab</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Photographs associated with a dive are shown as thumbnails in the <em>Photos</em> tab of the <em>Notes</em>
panel. Photos taken in rapid succession during a dive (therefore sometimes with large
overlap on the dive profile) can easily be accessed in the <em>Photos</em> tab. This tab serves as
a tool for individually accessing the photos of a dive, while the stubs on the dive profile
show when during a dive a photo was taken. The size of the thumbnails in the <em>Photos</em> tab can be changed using
the <em>Zoom level</em> slider at the bottom of the panel. Single-click a thumbnail in
the <em>Photos</em> panel to select a photo. Double-click a thumbnail to view the full-sized image,
overlaying the <em>Subsurface</em> window. Delete a photo from the <em>Photos</em> panel by selecting
it (single-click) and then by pressing the <em>Del</em> key on the keyboard. This removes the photo BOTH
from the <em>Photos</em> tab as well as the dive profile.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_photos_on_an_external_hard_disk">5.5.4. Photos on an external hard disk</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Most underwater photographers store photos on an external drive. If such a drive can be mapped by the operating system
(almost always the case) the photos can be directly accessed by <em>Subsurface</em>. This eases the interaction
between <em>Subsurface</em> and an external repository of photos. When associating a dive profile with photos from an
external drive, the normal procedure of selection and synchronization (see text above) is used.
After the external drive has been disconnected, <em>Subsurface</em> cannot access these photos any more.
If the display of photos is activated (using the toolbox icon to the left of the <em>Dive Profile</em>), the
program shows a small white dot where each photo should be on the dive profile.
In addition the <em>Photos</em> tab shows only the file names of the photos.
If the external drive with the photos is re-connected, the photos can be seen in the normal way.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_finding_out_which_dives_have_associated_photos">5.5.5. Finding out which dives have associated photos.</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Inspecting each individual dive in order to determine whether there are associated photos can be time consuming. There is a
rapid way of seeing which dives have associated photos and which not: activate the <em>Photos</em> checkbox in the dropdown
list obtained by right-clicking on the header bar of the <strong>Divelist</strong>. In the <strong>Divelist</strong>, all dives with associated photographs
have an icon indicating whether the photographs were taken during the dive, just before/after the dive or both during and before/after the dive.
More information is provided in the section dealing with <a href="#S_Divelist_columns">photo icons on the <strong>Divelist</strong></a>.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_FindMovedImages">5.5.6. Moving photographs among directories, hard disks or computers</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After a photograph has been loaded into <em>Subsurface</em> and associated with a specific dive,
<em>Subsurface</em> saves the directory path where the photo lies as well as the file name of the photo,
in order to find it when the dive is opened again.
If the photo or the whole photo collection is moved to another drive or to a different
machine, the path to the photo changes. Now, <em>Subsurface</em> looks for the photos at their original location before they were moved,
cannot find them and cannot display them. Because, after moving photos, large numbers of photos
may need to be deleted and re-imported from the new location, <em>Subsurface</em> can locate the photos based on their filename and path.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This is done by selecting from the Main Menu: <em>File → Find moved images</em>. This brings up a window within
which the searching of the images can be controlled. The search is started by clicking on <em>Select folder and scan</em>.
Since photos taken with different cameras might have the same filename, the names of the parent folders are likewise compared.
Therefore, the root folder of the NEW picture collection should be chosen. For finer control, it is possible to search
only for photographs of the currently selected dive(s) by selecting the appropriate option.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After the searching has finished, the original filenames and the new locations of the photographs will be shown.
The matching parts of the paths are emphasized. Photographs that are found at their known positions are
not listed. The proposed changes can be applied by clicking <em>Apply</em> or rejected by clicking <em>Cancel</em>.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/FindMovedImages1.jpg" alt="FIGURE:Find moved images" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_logging_special_types_of_dives">5.6. Logging special types of dives</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This section gives examples of the versatility of <em>Subsurface</em> as a dive logging tool.</p></div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_MulticylinderDives">5.6.1. Multicylinder dives</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Subsurface</em> easily handles dives involving more than one cylinder. Multi-cylinder diving usually happens
(a) if a diver doesn’t have enough gas for the complete dive in a single cylinder; (b) if a diver
needs more than one gas mixture because of the depth or the decompression needs of the dive. For this reason
multi-cylinder dives are often used by technical divers who dive deep or long. As far
as <em>Subsurface</em> is concerned, there are only two types of information that need to be provided:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Describe the cylinders used during the dive</strong> This is performed in the <strong>Equipment tab</strong> of
the <strong>Info</strong> panel, as <a href="#cylinder_definitions">described above</a>. Enter the cylinders one by one,
specifying its size and pressure, as well as the gas composition within it.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Record the times at which the switch from one cylinder to another was done:</strong> This is information
tracked by some dive computers (provided the diver indicated these changes to the dive computer
by pressing specific buttons). If the dive computer does not provide the information, the diver has to
record these changes using a different method, e.g. writing it on a slate or by creating a bookmark on the dive
computer.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Record the cylinder changes on the dive profile</strong>: If the latter option
was followed, the diver needs to indicate the gas change event by right-clicking at the appropriate point
in time on the <strong>Dive Profile</strong> panel and indicating the cylinder to which the change was made. After
right-clicking, follow the context menu to "Add gas change" and select the appropriate cylinder from
those defined during the first step, above (see image below). If the
<strong>gas bar</strong> button in the toolbar has been activated, the cylinder switches are also indicated in the
gas bar (image below).
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When this is complete, <em>Subsurface</em> indicates the appropriate use of cylinders in the dive profile.
Below is a two-cylinder dive, starting off with EAN28, then changing cylinders to EAN50 after 26 minutes
for decompression.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/multicylinder_dive.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Multicylinder profile" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Several dive computers perform automatic recording of cylinder pressure. In this case no manual intervention is needed.
Older dive computers (e.g. Uwatec Galileo, several Suunto models) handle more than one pressure transducer on cylinders,
switching from one sensor to another as the diver switches among cylinders and providing a sequential record of cylinders pressures during a dive. Some of the latest models (e.g. Shearwater Perdix AI, Scubapro G2) record two or more pressure transducers concurrently and continuously during the whole dive. In these cases <em>Suburface correctly interprets the data.
There is continuous effort within the _Subsurface</em> development team to add new dive computer models to those that can be
downloaded from and to represent cylinder pressures correctly. Regardless of the type of sensor handling of dive computers, technical divers are likely to use both automated and manual methods of cylinder pressure logging when more than two gases are used. However,
automated recording of cylinder pressure simplifies logging of sidemount dives (where two cylinders are used). See the
<a href="https://subsurface-divelog.org/documentation/supported-dive-computers/">list of supported dive computers</a>.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_sidemount_dives">5.6.2. Sidemount dives</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Sidemount diving is just another form of multi-cylinder diving, often with both or all cylinders having
the same gas mixture. Although it’s a popular configuration for cave divers, sidemount
diving can be done by recreational divers who have completed the appropriate training. See the comments in the
last paragraph, above, about automated recording of cylinder pressures. Manual
logging of cylinder pressures during sidemount involves three steps, exactly as with multi-cylinder dives above:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<strong>During the dive, record cylinder switch events</strong>. Since sidemount diving normally involves two
cylinders with air or with the same gas mixture, <em>Subsurface</em> distinguishes between these different
cylinders. In contrast, many dive computers that allow gas switching only distinguish between different
<em>gases</em> used, not among different <em>cylinders</em> used. This means when sidemount dives are downloaded
from these dive computers, the switching event between cylinders with the same gas is not downloaded. This may mean
that a diver may have to keep a written log of cylinder switch times using a slate, or (if the dive computer
has the capability) marking each cylinder switch with a bookmark that can be retrieved later. Returning
from a dive with the times of cylinder changes is the only tedious part of logging sidemount dives.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Within <em>Subsurface</em> describe the cylinders used during the dive</strong>. The diver needs to provide the
specifications of the different cylinders, using the <strong>Equipment</strong> tab of the <strong>Info Panel</strong> (see
image below where two 12 litre cylinders were used).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Indicate cylinder change events on the <em>Subsurface</em> dive profile</strong>. Once the dive log has been imported
from a dive computer into <em>Subsurface</em>, the cylinder switch events need to be shown on the dive profile.
Cylinder changes are recorded by right-clicking at the appropriate point on the dive profile, then
selecting <em>Add gas change</em>. A list of the appropriate cylinders is shown with the
currently used cylinder greyed out. In the image below Tank 1 is greyed out, leaving only Tank 2
to be selected. Select the appropriate cylinder. The cylinder change is then shown on the dive
profile with a cylinder symbol. If the <strong>gas bar</strong> is activated using the toolbar to the left of the
profile, then the cylinder change is also shown on the gas bar (see image below). After all
the cylinder change events have been recorded on the dive profile, the correct cylinder pressures
for both cylinders are shown on the dive profile, as in the image below.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/sidemount1.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Sidemount profile" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_sSCR_dives">5.6.3. Passive semi-closed circuit rebreather (pSCR) dives</h4>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/halcyon_RB80.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Passive semi-closed rebreathers (pSCR) are a technical advance in diving equipment that
recirculates the breathing gas a diver uses, while removing carbon dioxide from
the exhaled gas. While a small amount (typically a tenth) of the exhaled breathing gas is released into the water,
a small amount of fresh gas is released from the driving gas cylinder.
A diver using a single cylinder of breathing gas can therefore dive for much longer periods than
using a recreational open-circuit configuration. With pSCR equipment, a very small amount of breathing
gas is released every time the diver inhales. With active SCR (aSCR) equipment, in contrast, a small amount of
breathing gas is released continuously from the driving cylinder.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To log pSCR dives, no special procedures are required. Use the normal steps outlined above:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Select pSCR in the <em>Dive Mode</em> dropdown list on the <strong>Info</strong> panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
pSCR diving often involves gas changes, requiring an additional cylinder.
Define all the appropriate cylinders as described above
and indicate the cylinder/gas changes as described above in the section on <a href="#S_MulticylinderDives">multicylinder dives</a>.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In pSCR diving, the inspired gas often has a pO<sub>2</sub> below that of the fresh gas from cylinder. This is
because fresh gas is only supplied at a slow rate and the diver continuously uses oxygen from the loop for metabolism,
resulting in the so-called "pO<sub>2</sub> drop over the mouthpiece". For pSCR dive profiles the dive ceiling is adjusted for this oxygen
drop, and often requires longer decompression periods. Below is a dive profile
of a pSCR dive using EAN36 as bottom gas and oxygen for decompression. Note that this dive lasted
over two hours.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/pSCR_profile.jpg" alt="FIGURE: pSCR profile" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Visualising the pO<sub>2</sub> drop</em>: The difference between the pO<sub>2</sub> of the fresh cylinder gas and the pO<sub>2</sub>
in the loop can be visualised in <em>Subsurface</em> by opening the <em>Profile</em>
panel in the <em>File → Preferences</em> menu item and then providing suitable information in the section
labelled <em>pSCR options</em>. The <em>pSCR metabolic rate</em> is your rate of oxygen metabolism in liters/min (commonly
between 0.5 and 2.5). The <em>Dilution ratio</em> is the ratio indicating how much gas in the loop is replaced with
fresh gas, relative to the gas being breathed (common values are between 1:3 and 1:10). These values are also
used when planning pSCR dives. If the oxygen content of the loop is not recorded by an oxygen sensor, <em>Subsurface</em>
estimates the pO<sub>2</sub> in the loop using the information supplied above. This pO<sub>2</sub> is shown as the green line
representing the oxygen partial pressure in the dive profile. If the oxygen pressure in the loop is measured using
an oxygen sensor connected to a dive computer, this information is probably recorded by the dive computer and these
measured pO<sub>2</sub> values are shown on the dive profile. In addition, the <em>Preferences</em> panel allows one to activate
a checkbox labelled <em>Show equivalent OC pO<sub>2</sub> with pSCR pO<sub>2</sub></em>. This activates display of the pO<sub>2</sub> in the
fresh gas from the cylinder (an orange line). The vertical distance between the orange graph and the green graph
indicates the "pO<sub>2</sub> drop over the mouthpiece". Much of pSCR diving involves managing this pO<sub>2</sub> difference.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/DiveModeChange.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content"><em>pSCR and bailout</em>: Gases used in pSCR often yield very low pO<sub>2</sub> values in shallow water. For this reason the diver
often completes the shallow sections of a dive using open circuit (OC) rather than the rebreather. In this case
parts of the dive are
performed OC, while the rest of the dive is performed on the pSCR loop. To indicate such changes in divemode,
right-click on the dive profile at the appropriate time. From the context menu, select <em>Change divemode</em> and choose
the appropriate option (see image on left). Some dive computers record such changes in divemode as part of the dive log.
The appropriate icon is shown on the depth profile (see image below).
Below is a pSCR dive with the shallow
sections using OC. An OC divemode was entered right at the start, followed by
a change to pSCR at 18m. During the ascent, there was a bailout to OC at 14m. Note,
for the OC sections, the pO<sub>2</sub> is identical to the OC-pO<sub>2</sub> whereas for the pSCR section, the pO<sub>2</sub> (green line)
differs from the OC-pO<sub>2</sub> (orange line).</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/pSCR_profile_bailout.jpg" alt="FIGURE: pSCR profile with bailout" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_CCR_dives">5.6.4. Closed circuit rebreather (CCR) dives</h4>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/APD.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Closed system rebreathers also recirculate
gas that has been breathed. However, they use advanced technology to maintain a
breathable oxygen concentration:
a) remove carbon dioxide from the exhaled gas.
b) regulate the oxygen concentration to remain within safe diving limits.
The CCR interface of <em>Subsurface</em> is currently experimental
and under active development. Subsurface currently supports Poseidon MkVI
and APD Discovery/Evolution dive computers, as well as Shearwater dive computers connected
to CCR systems. In contrast to a conventional recreational
dive computer, a CCR system computer usually does not allow the download of a log
containing multiple dives. Rather, each dive is stored independently. This
means that <em>Subsurface</em> cannot download a dive log directly from a CCR
dive computer, but that it imports individual CCR dive profiles in the same way it
imports dive log data from other digital databases: one dive at a time. However, the Shearwater
based CCR systems are different in this respect and allow multi-dive downloads.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_import_a_ccr_dive">Import a CCR dive</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For Shearwater CCR controllers, or independent Shearwater CCR logs, just download the dive log as would
be the case for non-CCR dives. <em>Subsurface</em> interprets the CCR dive log correctly.
Except for Shearwater CCR dive computers, CCR dive data are currently obtained from the proprietary software
provided when purchasing CCR dive equipment. See the section dealing with <a href="#S_ImportingAlienDiveLogs">Importing dive information from other
digital sources</a> and <a href="#_appendix_b_dive_computer_specific_information_for_importing_dive_information">Appendix B</a>
for more complete information. Use that software to download the dive data into
a known directory. From the main menu of <em>Subsurface</em>, select <em>Import → Import
log files</em> to bring up the <a href="#Unified_import">universal import dialogue</a>. As
explained in that section, the bottom right
hand of the import dialogue contains a dropdown list (labeled <em>Filter:</em>) of appropriate devices
that currently include (Poseidon) MkVI or APD log viewer files. Import for other
CCR equipment is under active development. Having selected the appropriate CCR format and
the directory where the original dive logs have been stored from the CCR dive
computer, select a particular dive log file (in the case of the MkVI
it is a file with a .txt extension). After selecting the appropriate dive log,
click the <em>Open</em> button at the bottom right hand of the universal import dialogue.
The selected dive is imported to the <em>Subsurface</em> dive list.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_displayed_information_for_a_ccr_dive">Displayed information for a CCR dive</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Partial pressures of gases</em>: The graph of oxygen partial pressure shows the
information from the oxygen sensors of the CCR equipment. In contrast to recreational
equipment (where pO<sub>2</sub> values are calculated based on gas composition and dive depth),
CCR equipment provide actual measurements of pO<sub>2</sub>, derived from oxygen sensors.
In this case the graph for oxygen partial pressure
should be fairly flat, reflecting the setpoint settings during the dive. The mean
pO<sub>2</sub> is NOT the mean oxygen partial pressure as given by the CCR equipment, but
a value calculated by <em>Subsurface</em> as follows:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
For TWO O<sub>2</sub> sensors the mean value of the two sensors are given.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
For THREE-sensor systems (e.g. APD), the mean value is also used. However
differences of more than 0,1 bar in the simultaneous readings of different sensors are
treated as false. If one of the three sensors provides false data, it is ignored.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
If no sensor data are available, the pO<sub>2</sub> value is assumed to be equal to the setpoint.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The mean pO<sub>2</sub> of the sensors is indicated with a green line,</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The oxygen setpoint values as well as the readings from the individual
oxygen sensors can be shown. The display of additional CCR information is turned on by
checking the appropriate boxes in the <em>Preferences</em> panel (accessible by
selecting <a href="#S_CCR_options"><em>File → Preferences → Profile</em></a>). This part of
the <em>Preferences</em> panel is shown in the image below, representing two checkboxes that modify
the display of pO<sub>2</sub> when the appropriate toolbar button on the Dive Profile
has been checked.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/CCR_preferences_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE: CCR preferences panel" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Checking any of these boxes allows the display of additional oxygen-related
information whenever the pO<sub>2</sub> toolbar button on the <em>Profile</em> panel is activated.
The first checkbox allows the display of setpoint information. This is an orange line
superimposed on the green oxygen partial pressure graph and allows a comparison of the
mean measured oxygen partial pressure and the setpoint values, as shown below.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/CCR_setpoint_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE: CCR setpoint and pO~2~ graph" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The second checkbox allows the display of the data from each individual oxygen sensor
of the CCR equipment. The data for each sensor is color-coded as follows:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Sensor 1: grey
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Sensor 2: blue
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Sensor 3: brown
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The mean oxygen pO<sub>2</sub> is indicated by the green line. This allows the direct comparison
of data from each of the oxygen sensors, useful for detecting abnormally low or erratic
readings from a particular sensor.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/CCR_sensor_data_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE: CCR sensor data graph" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The setpoint data can be overlaid on the oxygen sensor data by activating both of the above
check boxes. Partial pressures for nitrogen (and helium, if applicable) are shown in the
usual way as for open circuit dives.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Events</em>: Several events are logged, e.g. switching the mouthpiece to open circuit.
These events are indicated by yellow triangles and, if you hover over a triangle,
a description of that event is given as the bottom line in the <a href="#S_InfoBox">Information Box</a>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Bailout</em>: Bailout events during a CCR dive can be recorded in a <em>Subsurface</em> divelog. Right-click
on the dive profile to generate a dive profile context menu. Select <em>Change divemode</em> and choose
the appropriate bailout option (probably OC). An appropriate icon is shown on the depth profile (see
image below). In most CCR equipment it is also
possible to bailout to pSCR, especially in cases where the electronics died and the diluent supply
is limited. This can also be reflected in the dive log and Subsurface will calculate and graph the
appropriate pO<sub>2</sub> values. The case during CCR training is more complex if the instructor prefers
a low setpoint such as 0.7 to be maintained during bailout. In this case the CCR equipment
maintains the low setpoint and overrides the OC or pSCR conditions. In such cases it is probably
more accurate not to record a bailout event in the dive log since <em>Subsurface</em> will calculate pO<sub>2</sub>
values based on the erroneous assumption that there is no setpoint.
Below is a dive profile for a CCR dive with bailout at 57 minutes. In this profile
the green pO<sub>2</sub> graph diverges from the setpoint value and reflects the pO<sub>2</sub> in the OC diluent gas
(in this case air).
The pO<sub>2</sub> in the loop (shown as a meandering graph for each oxygen sensor) is irrelevant because
the actual inspired gas comes directly from the diluent cylinder. In cases where bailout occurs using
a stage cylinder, indicate the bailout as well as the gas change event and <em>Subsurface</em> will calculate
all the appropriate pO<sub>2</sub> values. Some dive computers record bailout events as well as gas change
events: in this case the events are shown automatically in the dive log.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/CCR_bailout.jpg" alt="FIGURE: CCR bailout profileh" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Deco ceiling</em>: The deco ceiling calculated by Subsurface is not very accurate because the precise pressure of nitrogen
in the loop can usually not be determined from the dive log imported from the CCR equipment. Many CCR dive
computers, however, report an internally-calculated deco ceiling that is reported in the dive log,
reflecting a more accurate assessment. The display of this ceiling is activated
by clicking the appropriate button to the left of the dive profile:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/icons/cceiling.jpg" alt="DC ceiling icon" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The default color of the computer-generated deco ceiling is white. This can be set to red
by checking the appropriate check box after selecting <em>File → Preferences → Profile</em>.
The profile above indicates the dive computer-generated deco ceiling in red.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Cylinder pressures</em>: Some CCR dive computers like Poseidon record the
pressures of the oxygen and diluent cylinders. The pressures of these two cylinders
are shown as green lines overlapping the depth profile. In addition, start and
end pressures for both oxygen and diluent cylinders are shown in the <em>Equipment Tab</em>.
Below is a dive profile for a CCR dive, including an overlay
of setpoint and oxygen sensor data, as well as the cylinder pressure data. In this
case there is agreement from the readings of the two oxygen sensors.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/CCR_dive_profile_f22.jpg" alt="FIGURE: CCR dive profile" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Equipment-specific information</em>: Equipment-specific information gathered by
<em>Subsurface</em> is shown in the <a href="#S_ExtraDataTab">Extra data tab</a>. This may include setup information
or metadata about the dive.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>More equipment-specific procedures and information for downloading CCR dive logs for
Poseidon and APD equipment can be found in <a href="#_appendix_b_dive_computer_specific_information_for_importing_dive_information">Appendix B</a>.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_obtaining_more_information_about_dives_entered_into_the_logbook">6. Obtaining more information about dives entered into the logbook</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_using_the_dive_map_to_obtain_more_dive_information">6.1. Using the Dive Map to obtain more dive information</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The Dive Map has a number of buttons useful for manipulation several aspects of a dive. These are:</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/MapViewMode.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Select this button to show the Dive Map as a satellite image or as a Google Maps
representation.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/MapViewPlus.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Zoom in. Select a smaller area of the map.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/MapViewMinus.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Zoom out. Select a larger area of the map.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:left;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/MapMenu.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Map menu" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The "Hamburger" button on the top right-hand of the Dive Map
activates the Map menu. The items are:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Open location in <em>Google Maps</em>. Open the location of the active dive in a separate Google Maps window with the
dive site indicated by a Google Maps teardrop marker.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Copy location to clipboard (decimal). Copy the coordinates of the active dive to the clipboard in decimal degrees
e.g. -25.933905 30.710572
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Copy location to clipboard (sexagesimal). Copy the coordinates of the active dive to the clipboard in sexagecimal, e.g. 25°56’02.058"S
30°42’38.059"E
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Select visible dive locations. In the Dive List panel, highlight all the dive sites visible in the Dive Map. This allows easy
selection of the dives within a particular geographical area to inspect them or to calculate statistics for them.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_the_strong_info_strong_tab_for_individual_dives">6.2. The <strong>Info</strong> tab (for individual dives)</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The Info tab gives some summary information about a particular dive that
has been selected in the <strong>Dive List</strong>. Useful information here includes the
surface interval before the dive, the maximum and mean depths of the dive, the
gas volume consumed, the surface air consumption (SAC) and the number of oxygen
toxicity units (OTU) incurred.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/info.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Gas consumption and SAC calculations:
<em>Subsurface</em> calculates SAC and Gas consumption taking in account gas
incompressibility, particularly at tank pressures above 200 bar, making them more accurate.
Refer to <a href="#SAC_CALCULATION">Appendix F</a> for more information.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_ExtraDataTab">6.3. The <strong>Extra Data</strong> tab (usually for individual dives)</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When using a dive computer, it often reports several data items that cannot easily be
presented in a standardised way because the nature of the information differs from one
dive computer to another. These data often comprise setup information, metadata about
a dive, battery levels, no fly times, or gradient factors used during the dive. When
possible, this information is presented in the <strong>Extra Data</strong> tab. Below is an
image showing extra data for a dive using a Poseidon rebreather.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/ExtraDataTab_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Extra Data tab" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_the_strong_stats_strong_tab_for_groups_of_dives">6.4. The <strong>Stats</strong> tab (for groups of dives)</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The Stats tab gives summary statistics for more than one dive, assuming that
more than one dive has been selected in the <strong>Dive List</strong> using the standard
Ctrl-click or Shift-click of the mouse. If only one
dive has been selected, figures for only that dive are given. This tab
shows the number of dives selected, the total amount of dive time in these
dives,
as well as the minimum, maximum and mean for the dive duration,
water temperature and surface air consumption (SAC). It also shows the depth of the
shallowest and deepest dives of those selected.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_DiveProfile">6.5. The <strong>Dive Profile</strong></h3>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Profile2.jpg" alt="Typical dive profile" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Of all the panels in <em>Subsurface</em>, the Dive Profile contains the most detailed
information about each dive. The Dive Profile has a <strong>button bar</strong> on the left hand side,
allowing control of several display options. The functions of these
buttons are described below. The main item in the Dive
Profile is the graph of
dive depth as a function of time. In addition to
depth, it also shows the ascent and descent rates compared to the recommended
speed of going up or down in the water column. This information is given using
different colors:</p></div>
<div class="tableblock">
<table rules="all"
width="100%"
frame="border"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4">
<col width="33%" />
<col width="33%" />
<col width="33%" />
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table"><strong>Color</strong></p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table"><strong>Descent speed (m/min)</strong></p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table"><strong>Ascent speed (m/min)</strong></p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Red</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">> 30</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">> 18</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Orange</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">18 - 30</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">9 - 18</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Yellow</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">9 - 18</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">4 - 9</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Light green</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">1.5 - 9</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">1.5 - 4</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Dark green</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">< 1.5</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">< 1.5</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The profile also includes depth readings for the peaks and troughs in the graph.
So users should see the depth of the deepest point and other peaks. Mean depth
is plotted as a grey line, indicating mean dive depth up to a particular moment during the dive.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/scale.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">In some cases the dive profile does not fill the whole area of the <strong>Dive Profile</strong>
panel. Clicking the <strong>Scale</strong> button in the toolbar on the left of the dive profile
increases the size of the dive profile to fill the area of the panel.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Water temperature</strong> is shown as a blue line with temperature values
placed adjacent to significant changes.</p></div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_InfoBox">6.5.1. The <strong>Information Box</strong></h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The Information box displays a large range of information about the dive
profile. Normally the Information Box is located to the top left of the <strong>Dive
Profile</strong> panel. The Information Box can be moved around in the <strong>Dive Profile</strong>
panel by click-dragging it with the mouse so that it is not obstructing
important detail. The position of the Information Box is saved and used again
during subsequent dive analyses.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/InfoBox2.jpg" alt="Figure: Information Box" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When the mouse points inside the <strong>Dive Profile</strong> panel, the information box expands and
shows many data items. In this situation, the data reflect the time point along
the dive profile shown by the mouse cursor (see right-hand part of figure (<strong>B</strong>) above
where the Information Box reflects the situation at the position of the cursor
[arrow] in that image). Moving the cursor horizontally lets the Information Box show information for any point
along the dive profile. It gives extensive statistics about depth, gas
and ceiling characteristics of the particular dive. These include: Time period
into the dive (indicated by a @), depth, cylinder pressure (P), temperature,
ascent/descent rate, surface air consumption (SAC), oxygen partial pressure,
maximum operating depth, equivalent air depth (EAD), equivalent narcotic depth
(END), equivalent air density depth (EADD, also as gas density in g/l), decompression requirements at that
instant in time (Deco), time to surface (TTS), the calculated ceiling, as well
as of the statistics in the Information Box, shown as four
buttons on the left of the profile panel. These are:</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/MOD.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Show the <strong>Maximum Operating Depth (MOD)</strong> of the dive, given the
gas mixture used. MOD is dependent on the oxygen concentration in the breathing gas.
For air (21% oxygen) it is around 57 m if a maximum pO<sub>2</sub> of 1.4 is specified in the <strong>Preferences</strong> section
(select <em>File → Preferences → Profile</em> and edit the text box <em>pO<sub>2</sub> in calculating MOD</em>.
When diving below the MOD there is a markedly increased risk of exposure to the dangers of oxygen toxicity.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/NDL.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Show either the <strong>No-deco Limit (NDL)</strong> or the
<strong>Total Time to Surface (TTS)</strong>. NDL is the time duration that a diver can continue with a
dive, given the present depth, that does not require decompression (that is, before an
ascent ceiling appears). Once a diver has exceeded the NDL and decompression is required (that
is, there is an ascent ceiling above the diver) then TTS gives the number of minutes
required before the diver can surface. TTS includes ascent time as well as decompression
time. Even if the profile contains several gas
switches, TTS at a specific moment during the dive is calculated using the current gas.
TTS longer than 2 hours is not accurately calculated and Subsurface only indicates <em>TTS > 2h</em>.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/SAC.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Show the <strong>Surface Air Consumption (SAC)</strong>, an indication of the surface-normalized respiration
rate of a diver. The value of SAC is less than the real
respiration rate because a diver at 10m uses breathing gas at a rate roughly double that of
the equivalent rate at the surface. SAC gives an indication of breathing gas consumption rate
independent of the depth of the dive, so the respiratory rates of different dives
can be compared. The units for SAC is liters/min or cubic ft/min.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/EAD.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Show the <strong>Equivalent Air Depth (EAD)</strong> for
nitrox dives as well as the <strong>Equivalent
Narcotic Depth (END)</strong> for trimix dives. These are
important to divers breathing gases other than air. Their
values are dependent on the composition of the breathing gas. The EAD
is the depth of a hypothetical air dive that has the same partial
pressure of nitrogen as the current depth of the nitrox dive at
hand. A nitrox dive leads to the same decompression obligation as an
air dive to the depth equaling the EAD. The END is the depth of a
hypothetical air dive that has the same sum of partial pressures of
the narcotic gases nitrogen and oxygen as the current trimix dive. A
trimix diver can expect the same narcotic effect as a diver breathing
air diving at a depth equaling the END.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If at some point a isobaric counter diffusion situation is encountered
in the leading tissue (defined to be a moment in time where helium is
off-gassing while nitrogen is on-gassing and the net effect is
on-gassing) this is indicated in the infobox as well. Note that this
condition not only depends on the gas that is currently breathed but
on the tissue loadings as well.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Figure (<strong>B</strong>) above shows an information box with a nearly complete set of data.</p></div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="S_gas_pressure_graph">The Gas Pressure Bar Graph</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>On the left of the <strong>Information Box</strong> is a vertical bar graph showing the
pressures of the nitrogen (and other inert gases, e.g. helium, if applicable) that the diver
was inhaling <em>at a particular instant during the dive</em>, shown by the position
of the cursor on the <strong>Dive Profile</strong>. The drawing on the left below indicates the
meaning of the different parts of the Gas Pressure Bar Graph.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/GasPressureBarGraph.jpg" alt="FIGURE:Gas Pressure bar Graph" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
The light green area indicates the gas pressure, with the top margin of the light green
area showing the total gas pressure of ALL gases inhaled by the diver and measured from the bottom
of the graph to the top of the light green area. This pressure has a <em>relative</em> value in the graph
and does not indicate absolute pressure.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The horizontal black line underneath the light green margin indicates the equilibrium pressure
of the INERT gases inhaled by the diver, usually nitrogen. In
the case of trimix, it is the pressures of nitrogen and helium combined. In this example,
the user is diving with EAN32, so the equilibrium inert gas pressure is 68% of the distance from the
bottom of the graph to the total gas pressure value.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The dark green area at the bottom of the graph represents the pressures of inert gas in each
of the 16 tissue compartments, following the Bühlmann algorithm, with fast tissues on the
left hand side.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The top black horizontal line indicates the inert gas pressure limit determined by the gradient
factor that applies to the depth of
the diver at the particular point on the <strong>Dive Profile</strong>. The gradient factor shown is an
interpolation between the GFLow and GFHigh values specified in the <em>Profile</em> tab of the <strong>Preferences
Panel</strong> of <em>Subsurface</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The bottom margin of the red area in the graph indicates the Bühlman-derived M-value. That is the
pressure value of inert gases at which bubble formation is expected to be severe, resulting
in a significant risk of decompression sickness.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>These five values are shown on the left in the image above. The way the Gas Pressure Bar Graph changes
during a dive can be seen on the right hand side of the above figure for a diver using EAN32.</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Graph <strong>A</strong> indicates the start of a dive with the diver at the surface. The pressures in all
the tissue compartments are still at the surface equilibrium pressure because no diving has taken place.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Graph <strong>B</strong> indicates the situation after a descent to 30 meters. Few of the tissue compartments have had
time to respond to the descent, so their gas pressures are far below the equilibrium gas pressure.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Graph <strong>C</strong> represents the pressures after 30 minutes at 30 m. The fast compartments have attained
equilibrium (i.e. they have reached the height of the black line indicating the equilibrium pressure). The
slower compartments (towards the right) have not reached equilibrium and are in the process of slowly
increasing in pressure.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Graph <strong>D</strong> shows the pressures after ascent to a depth of 4.5 meters. Since during ascent the total
inhaled gas pressure has decreased strongly from 4 bar to 1.45 bar, the pressures in the different tissue
compartments now exceed that of the total gas pressure and approach the gradient factor value (i.e.
the top black horizontal line). Further ascent will result in exceeding the gradient
factor value (GFHigh), endangering the diver.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Graph <strong>E</strong> indicates the situation after remaining at 4.5 meters for 10 minutes. The fast compartments
have decreased in pressure. As expected, the pressures in the slow compartments have not changed much.
The pressures in the fast compartments do not approach the GFHigh value any more and the diver is safer
than in the situation indicated in graph <strong>D</strong>.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_computer_reported_events_during_dive">6.5.2. Computer-reported events during dive</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Many dive computers record events during a dive. For instance,
most dive computers report alarms relating to high partial pressures of oxygen,
to rapid ascents or the exceeding of no-deco limits (NDL).
On the other hand, other events are classified as warnings and, for instance, occur when
the remaining gas in a cylinder falls below a predetermined limit, a deep stop needs to be performed or
the need to change gas during multicylinder dives. Some dive computers also report notifications,
e.g. when a safety stop is initiated or terminated or when a predetermined amount of OTUs have been incurred.
The alarms, warnings and notifications differs from one dive computer to another: some dive computers do not
report any of the above events, while others provide an extensive log of events. The reporting of events
is therefore a function of the dive computer used. In addition, <em>Subsurface</em> does not always
have the ability to detect all the events reported by a specific dive computer.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Events are indicated by symbols on the dive profile. Notifications are shown as a white, round symbol with a letter <em>i</em>;
warnings are indicated by a yellow triangle and alarms by a red triangle. By moving the cursor over a symbol,
the explanation is given in the bottom-most line of the <em>Information Box</em> (see image below, where the cursor is positioned
over the alarm that was reported).</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/profile_symbols.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Profile notification symbols" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Some dive computers report <em>bookmarks</em> that the diver has set during the dive. These are indicated as
a small red flag on the profile and are discussed more fully in the section on
<a href="#S_Bookmarks"><em>inserting bookmarks</em></a>.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_the_profile_toolbar">6.5.3. The Profile Toolbar</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The dive profile can include graphs of the <strong>partial pressures</strong>
of O<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>, and He during the dive (see figure above) as well as a calculated and dive computer
reported deco ceilings (only visible for deep, long, or repetitive dives).
Partial pressures of oxygen are indicated in green, nitrogen in black,
and helium in dark red. These
partial pressure graphs are shown below the profile data.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/O2.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Show the partial pressure of <strong>oxygen</strong> during the
dive. This is shown below the dive depth and water temperature graphs.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/N2.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Show the partial pressure of <strong>nitrogen</strong> during the dive.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/He.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Display of the partial pressure of <strong>helium</strong> during the dive.
This is only important to divers using Trimix, Helitrox or similar breathing gases.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <strong>air consumption</strong> graph displays the tank pressure and its change during the
dive. The air consumption takes depth into account so that even when manually
entering the start and end pressures the graph, is not a straight line.
Like the depth graph, the slope of the tank pressure provides information
about the
momentary SAC rate (Surface Air Consumption) when using an air integrated dive computer.
Here the color
coding is not relative to some absolute values but relative to the mean
normalized air consumption during the dive. So areas in red or orange
indicate
times of increased normalized air consumption while dark green reflects times
when the diver was using less gas than average.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When in planner mode, the SAC is set to be constant during the bottom part
of the dive as well during decompression. Therefore, when planning a dive,
the color is a representation of the breathing gas density.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/Heartbutton.png" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Clicking on the heart rate button allows display of heart rate information
during the dive if the dive computer was attached to a heart rate sensor.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>It is possible to <strong>zoom</strong> into the profile graph. This is done either by using
the scroll wheel / scroll gesture of the mouse or trackpad. By default
<em>Subsurface</em> always shows a profile area large enough for at least 30 minutes
and 30m (100ft) – this way short or shallow dives are easily recognizable;
something free divers won’t care about.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/MeasuringBar.png" alt="FIGURE: Measuring Bar" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/ruler.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Measurements of <strong>depth or time differences</strong> can be achieved by using the
<strong>ruler button</strong> on the left of the dive profile panel.
The measurement is done by dragging the red dots to the two points
on the dive profile that you wish to measure. Information is then given
in the horizontal white area underneath the
two red dots.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/ShowPhotos.png" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Photographs that have been added to a dive can be shown on the profile
by selecting
the <strong>Show-photo</strong> button. The position of a photo on the profile
shows the exact time when this photo was taken. If this button is not active,
the photos are hidden.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The profile can also include the dive computer reported <strong>ceiling</strong> (more
precisely, the deepest deco stop that the dive computer calculated for each
particular moment in time) as a red overlay on the dive profile. Ascent ceilings
occur when a direct ascent to the surface increases
the risk of a diver suffering from decompression sickness (DCS) and it is necessary
to either ascend
slower or to perform decompression stop(s) before ascending to the surface. Not
all dive computers record this information and make it available for download;
for example none of the Suunto dive computers make these data
available to divelog software. <em>Subsurface</em> also calculates ceilings independently,
shown as a green overlay on the dive profile.
Because of the differences in algorithms used
and amount of data available (and other factors taken into consideration at the time
of the calculation) it’s unlikely that ceilings from dive computers and from <em>Subsurface</em>
are the same, even if the same algorithm and <em>gradient factors</em> (see below) are used.
It’s also quite common that <em>Subsurface</em> calculates a ceiling for
non-decompression dives when the dive computer stayed in non-deco mode during
the whole dive (represented by the <span class="green">dark green</span> section in the profile
at the beginning of this section). This is because <em>Subsurface’s</em>
calculations describe the deco obligation at each moment during a dive,
while dive computers usually take the upcoming ascent into account. During the
ascent some excess nitrogen (and possibly helium) are already breathed off so
even though the diver technically encountered a ceiling at depth, the dive still does
not require a specific deco stop. This feature lets dive computers offer
longer non-stop bottom times.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/cceiling.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">If the dive computer itself calculates a ceiling and makes it available to
<em>Subsurface</em> during upload of dives, this can be
shown as a red area by checking <strong>Dive computer reported ceiling</strong> button on the Profile Panel.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/ceiling1.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">If the <strong>Calculated ceiling</strong> button on the Profile Panel is clicked, then a ceiling,
calculated by <em>Subsurface</em>, is shown in green if it exists for
a particular dive (<strong>A</strong> in figure below). This setting can be modified in two ways:</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/ceiling2.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">If, in addition, the <strong>show all tissues</strong> button on the Profile Panel is clicked, the ceiling is shown for the tissue
compartments following the Bühlmann model (<strong>B</strong> in figure below).</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/ceiling3.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">
<div class="paragraph"><p>If, in addition, the <strong>3m increments</strong> button on the Profile Panel is clicked, then the ceiling is indicated in 3 m increments
(<strong>C</strong> in figure below).</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Ceilings2.jpg" alt="Figure: Ceiling with 3m resolution" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Gradient Factor settings strongly affect the calculated ceilings and their depths. For more information about Gradient factors, see the section on <a href="#GradientFactors_Ref">Gradient Factor Preference settings</a>. The currently used gradient factors (e.g. GF 35/75) are shown above the depth profile if the appropriate toolbar buttons are activated. N.B.: The indicated gradient factors are NOT the gradient factors in use by the dive computer, but those used by Subsurface to calculate deco obligations during the dive. For more information external to this manual see:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<a href="http://www.tek-dive.com/portal/upload/M-Values.pdf">Understanding M-values by Erik Baker, <em>Immersed</em> Vol. 3, No. 3.</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="http://www.rebreatherworld.com/general-and-new-to-rebreather-articles/5037-gradient-factors-for-dummies.html">Gradient factors for dummies, by Kevin Watts</a>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/ShowCylindersButton.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">By selecting this icon, the different cylinders used during a dive can be represented as a colored bar at the bottom
of the <strong>Dive Profile</strong>. In general oxygen is represented by a green bar, nitrogen a yellow bar and helium a
red bar. The image below shows a dive which first uses a trimix cylinder (red and green), followed by a switch to a nitrox cylinder
(yellow and green) after 23 minutes. Cylinders with air are shown as a light blue bar.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/ShowCylinders_f20.jpg" alt="Figure: Cylinder use graph" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/heatmap.png" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Display the tissue heat-map. The heat map summarises, for the duration of the dive, the inert gas tissue pressures
for each of the 16 tissue compartments of the Bühlmann model. Blue colors mean low gas pressures in a tissue compartment
and thus on-gassing, green to red means excess gas in the tissue and thus off-gassing. Fast to slow tissues are indicated from
top to bottom. The figure below explains in greater detail how the heat map can be interpreted.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Heatmap.jpg" alt="Figure: Inert gas tissue pressure heat-map" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Image <strong>A</strong> on the left shows the <a href="#S_gas_pressure_graph">Gas Pressure Graph</a> in the
<strong>Information box</strong>, representing a snapshot of inert gas pressures at a particular point in time
during the dive. The inert gas pressures of 16 tissue compartments are shown as dark green vertical
bars with the quick tissue compartments on the left and the slow tissue compartments
on the right. Refer to the section on the <a href="#S_gas_pressure_graph">Gas Pressure Graph</a>
for more details on the different elements of this graph.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Image <strong>B</strong> shows a gradient of unique colors, spanning the whole range of inert gas pressures.
It is possible to map the height of each of the dark green vertical bars of <strong>A</strong> to a
color in <strong>B</strong>. For instance, the fastest (leftmost) dark green vertical bar in <strong>A</strong> has
a height corresponding to the medium green part of <strong>B</strong>. The height of this bar can therefore be summarised
using a medium green color. Similarly, the highest dark green bar in <strong>A</strong> is as high
as the yellow part of <strong>B</strong>. The 14 remaining tissue pressure bars in <strong>A</strong> can also be
translated to colors. The colors represent three ranges of tissue inert gas pressure:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
The bottom range in <strong>B</strong> (marked <em>On-gassing</em>) includes colors from light blue to black, representing tissue gas pressures
below the equilibrium pressure of inert gas (bottom horizontal line in <strong>A</strong>). The measurement
unit is the % of inert gas pressure, relative to the equilibrium inert gas pressure. In this range
on-gassing of inert gas takes place because the inert gas pressure in the tissue compartment is lower than
in the surrounding environment. Black areas in the heat map indicate that a tissue compartment has reached
the equilibrium inert gas pressure, i.e. the inert gas pressure in the tissue compartment equals that
of the water in which the diver is. The equilibrium pressure changes according to depth.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The central range in <strong>B</strong> includes the colors from black to light green, when the inert gas pressure of a tissue
compartment is higher than the equilibrium pressure but less than the ambient pressure.
In this zone decompression is not very efficient
because the gradient of inert gas pressure from tissue to the environment is relatively small
and indicated by dark green areas of the heat map.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The top range in <strong>B</strong> (marked <em>Off-gassing</em>) includes colors from light green to red and white, repesenting tissue gas
pressures above that of the total ambient pressure (top of light green area of <strong>A</strong>). The measurement
unit is the % of inert gas pressure above ambient pressure, relative to the Bühlmann M-value gradient (bottom of red area
in <strong>A</strong>). These tissue pressures are normally reached while ascending to a shallower depth.
Below a value of 100%, this range indicates efficient off-gassing of inert gas from the tissue compartment into the
environment. Usually, efficient off-gassing is indicated by light green, yellow or orange colors.
Above 100% (red to white in <strong>B</strong>) the M-value gradient is exceeded and the probability of decompression sickness
increases markedly.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Image <strong>C</strong> shows the color mapping of each of the vertical bars in <strong>A</strong>, the fast
tissues (on the left in <strong>A</strong>) depicted at the top
and the slow tissue compartments at the bottom of <strong>C</strong>. The highest vertical bar in <strong>A</strong>
(vertical bar 3rd from the left) is presented as the yellow rectangle 3rd from the top
in <strong>C</strong>. The 16 vertical bars in <strong>A</strong> are now presented as a vertical
column of 16 colored rectangles, representing a snapshot of tissue compartment gas pressures
at a particular instant during the dive.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Image <strong>D</strong> is a compilation of similar color mappings of 16 tissue compartments
during a 10-minute period of a dive, the colors representing the
inert gas loading of a tissue compartment at a point in time during the dive. Faster tissues
are shown at the top and slower tissues at the bottom, with time
forming the horizontal axis of the graph. The column of rectangles in <strong>C</strong> can be found
on the horizontal axis between 9 and 10 minutes.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The colors of the heat map are not affected by the gradient factor settings.
This is because the heat map indicates tissue pressures relative to the Bühlmann M-value gradient, and
not relative to any specific gradient factor. For more information external to this manual see:</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><a href="http://www.tek-dive.com/portal/upload/M-Values.pdf">Understanding M-values by Erik Baker, <em>Immersed</em> Vol. 3, No. 3.</a></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Since the colors of the heat map are not affected by the gradient factor(s), the heat map is also
applicable when using the VPM-B decompression model.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The image below compares the profiles and heat maps for two planned decompression dives to 60m:
the first using the Bühlmann decompression model, the second using the VPM-B decompression model.
Both profiles have the same total decompression time, but the VPM-B model requires deeper stops early in the acent phase.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In both profiles, the inert gas pressures in the faster tissues rise much more rapidly than the slower tissues during
the descent and bottom phase, with the colors transitioning from light blue through blue and purple to black.
Similarly, the inert gas pressure in the fast tissues reduces more rapidly than the slow tissues at each decompression stop,
with colors transitioning from red, orange and yellow to green and black.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The comparison of the two profiles and heatmaps shows that by including deep stops, the oversaturation gradient in the
faster tissues early in ascent phase is reduced.
However, on-gassing of slower tissues continues during the deep stops, which leads to greater oversaturation gradient
in slower tissues at the end of the dive.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/tissueHeatmap.jpg" alt="Figure: Inert gas tissue pressure heat-map" />
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_the_dive_profile_context_menu">6.5.4. The Dive Profile context menu</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The context menu for the Dive Profile is accessed by right-clicking while the
mouse cursor is over the Dive Profile panel. The menu allows creating
Bookmarks, Gas Change Event markers, or manual CCR set-point changes
other than the ones that might have been
imported from a Dive Computer. Markers are placed against the depth profile line,
with the time of the event determined by the mouse cursor when the right
mouse button was clicked to bring up the menu. Gas Change events
involve a selection of which gas is being switched TO. The list of choices is based on
the available gases defined in the <strong>Equipment</strong> Tab. Setpoint change
events open a dialog letting you choose the next setpoint value. As
in the planner, a setpoint value of zero shows the diver is
breathing from an open circuit system while any non-zero value
shows the use of a closed circuit rebreather (CCR).
By right-clicking while over
an existing marker a menu appears, adding options to allow deletion of the
marker, or to allow all markers of that type to be hidden. Hidden events can be
restored to view by selecting Unhide all events from the context menu.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_organizing_the_logbook_manipulating_groups_of_dives">7. Organizing the logbook (Manipulating groups of dives)</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_DiveListContextMenu">7.1. The Dive List context menu</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Several actions on either a single dive, or a group of dives, can be performed using the Dive List
Context Menu. It is found by selecting either a single dive or a group of dives and then right-clicking.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/ContextMenu.jpg" alt="Figure: Context Menu" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The context menu is used in many functions described below.</p></div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="S_Divelist_columns">7.1.1. Customizing the columns showed in the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel</h4>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/DiveListOptions.jpg" alt="Example: Dive list info options" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The default information in the <strong>Dive List</strong> includes, for each dive, Dive_number, Date, Rating, Dive_depth,
Dive_duration and Dive_location. This information can be controlled and changed by right-clicking on the
header bar of the <strong>Dive List</strong>, bringing up a list of columns
that can be shown in the dive list (see above). Check an items to be included in the <strong>Dive List</strong>.
The list is immediately updated. Preferences for information
shown in the <strong>Dive List</strong> are saved and used when <em>Subsurface</em> is re-opened.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph" id="S_Photos_divelist"><p>By selecting the <em>Photos</em> checkbox in the dropdown list, an icon is shown indicating whether any photos
are associated with a particular dive. There are three icons:</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/duringPhoto.png" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">This dive has photographs taken during the dive, typically using an underwater camera.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/outsidePhoto.png" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">This dive has photographs taken immediately before or immediately after the dive. This is useful for
finding photos of dive teams or boats just before/after the dive, whales or other surface animals seen
just before or after the dive, or of landscapes as seen from the boat.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/inAndOutPhoto.png" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">This dive has photographs taken both during the dive and immediately before or after the dive.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_Renumber">7.2. Renumbering the dives</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Dives are normally numbered incrementally from non-recent dives (low sequence
numbers) to recent dives (higher sequence numbers). Numbering
of dives is not always consistent. For instance, when non-recent dives are
added, correct numbering does not automatically follow on because
of the dives that are more recent in date/time than the newly-added dive with
an older date/time. This requires renumbering the dives.
Do this by selecting (from the Main Menu) <em>Log → Renumber</em>. Provide
the lowest sequence number to be used.
This results in new sequence numbers (based on date/time)
for all the dives in the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Renumber a few selected dives in the dive list by selecting only the dives that
need renumbering. Right-click on the selected list and use the Dive List Context Menu
to perform the renumbering. A popup window appears letting the user specify
the starting number for the process.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_Group">7.3. Grouping dives into trips and manipulating trips</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For regular divers, the dive list can rapidly become very long. <em>Subsurface</em>
can group dives into <em>trips</em>. It does this by grouping dives that have
date/times not separated by more than two days and creating
a single heading for each diving trip represented in the dive log. Below is an
ungrouped dive list (<strong>A</strong>, on the left) as well as the corresponding grouped dive
list of five dive trips (<strong>B</strong>, on the right):</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Group2.jpg" alt="Figure: Grouping dives" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Grouping into trips allows a rapid way of accessing individual dives without
having to scan a long lists of dives. To group the dives in a dive list,
(from the Main Menu) select <em>Log → Auto group</em>. The <strong>Dive List</strong> panel
now shows only the titles for the trips.</p></div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_editing_the_title_and_associated_information_for_a_particular_trip">7.3.1. Editing the title and associated information for a particular trip</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Normally, in the dive list, minimal information is included in the trip title.
More information about a trip can be added by selecting its trip title bar from
the <strong>Dive List</strong>. This shows a <strong>Trip Notes</strong> tab in the <strong>Notes</strong> panel. Here
you can add or edit information about the date/time, the trip location and any
other general comments about the trip as a whole (e.g. the dive
company that was used, the general weather and surface conditions during the trip, etc.).
After entering this
information, select <strong>Save</strong> from the buttons at the top right
of the <strong>Trip Notes</strong>
tab. The trip title in the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel should now reflect the
edited information.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_viewing_the_dives_during_a_particular_trip">7.3.2. Viewing the dives during a particular trip</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Once the dives have been grouped into trips, you can expand one or more
trips by clicking the expansion button [+/-] on the left of each trip title. This expands
the selected trip, revealing individual dives during the trip.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_merging_dives_from_more_than_one_trip_into_a_single_trip">7.3.3. Merging dives from more than one trip into a single trip</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After selecting a trip title, the context menu allows the merging
of trips by either merging the selected trip with the trip below or with the
trip above. (Merge trip with trip below; Merge trip with trip above)</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_splitting_a_single_trip_into_more_than_one_trip">7.3.4. Splitting a single trip into more than one trip</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If a trip includes, for example, ten dives, you can split this trip into two trips (trip 1:
top four dives; trip 2: bottom six dives) by selecting and right-clicking the top
four dives. The resulting context menu lets the user create a new trip by
choosing the option <strong>Create new trip above</strong>. The top four dives are then
grouped
into a separate trip. The figures below show the selection and context menu
on the left (A) and
the completed action on the right (B):</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/SplitDive3a.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Split a trip into 2 trips" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_manipulating_single_dives">7.4. Manipulating single dives</h3>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_delete_a_dive_from_the_dive_log">7.4.1. Delete a dive from the dive log</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Dives can be permanently deleted from the dive log by selecting and
right-clicking them to bring up the context menu, then selecting <strong>Delete
dive(s)</strong>. Typically this would apply to a case where a user wishes to delete
workshop
calibration dives of the dive computer or dives of extremely short duration.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_unlink_a_dive_from_a_trip">7.4.2. Unlink a dive from a trip</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>You can unlink dives from the trip to which they belong. To do this,
select and right-click
the relevant dives to bring up the context menu. Then select the option <strong>Remove dive(s)
from trip</strong>. The dive(s) now appear immediately above or below the trip to
which they belonged, depending on the date and time of the unlinked dive.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_add_a_dive_to_the_trip_immediately_above">7.4.3. Add a dive to the trip immediately above</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Selected dives can be moved from the trip to which they belong and placed within
a separate trip. To do this, select and right-click
the dive(s) to bring up the context menu, and then select <strong>Create new trip above</strong>.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_shift_the_start_time_of_dive_s">7.4.4. Shift the start time of dive(s)</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Sometimes it’s necessary to adjust the start time of a dive. This may apply to
situations where dives are done in different time zones or when the dive
computer has a wrong time. To do this, select and right-click
the dive(s) to be
adjusted. This brings up the context menu on which the <strong>Shift times</strong>
option should be selected. You must then specify the
time
(in hours and minutes) by which the dives should be adjusted and click on the
option of whether the time adjustment should be earlier or later.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_merge_dives_into_a_single_dive">7.4.5. Merge dives into a single dive</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Sometimes a dive is briefly interrupted, for example, if a diver returns to the surface
for a few minutes, resulting in two or more dives being recorded by the dive
computer and appearing as different dives in the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel.
Merge these dives onto a single dive by selecting the appropriate dives,
right-clicking them to bring up the context menu and then selecting <strong>Merge selected
dives</strong>. It may be necessary to edit the dive information in the <strong>Notes</strong>
panel to reflect events or conditions that apply to the merged dive. The figure
below shows the depth profile of two dives that were merged:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/MergedDive.png" alt="Example: Merged dive" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_split_selected_dives">7.4.6. Split selected dives</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>On some occasions, a diver reaches the surface and immediately dives again. However,
it may happen that the dive computer does not register a new dive, but continues
the previous dive due to the brief surface interval. In this case it is possible to
split a dive so that the two dives are shown as independent dives on the <strong>Dive List</strong>.
If this operation is performed, <em>Subsurface</em> scans the selected dive(s) and splits the
dive at points during the dive where the depth is less than a metre.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_load_image_s_from_file_s">7.4.7. Load image(s) from file(s)</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This topic is discussed in the section: <a href="#S_LoadImage">Adding photographs to dives</a>.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_load_image_from_web">7.4.8. Load image from web</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This topic is discussed in the section: <a href="#S_LoadImage">Adding photographs to dives</a>.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_undo_dive_manipulations">7.4.9. Undo dive manipulations</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Important actions on dives or trips, described above, can be undone or redone.
This includes: <em>delete dives</em>, <em>merge dives</em>, <em>split selected dives</em>, <em>renumber dives</em> and <em>shift dive times</em>.
To do this after performing any of these actions, from the <strong>Main Menu</strong> select
<em>Edit</em>. This brings up the possibility to <em>Undo</em> or <em>Redo</em> an action.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_Filter">7.5. Filtering the dive list</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The dives in the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel can be filtered, selecting only some
of the dives based on their attributes, e.g. dive tags, dive site, divemaster, buddy or protective
clothing. For instance, filtering lets you list the deep dives at a particular
dive site, or otherwise the cave dives with a particular buddy.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To open the filter, select <em>Log → Filter divelist</em> from the main menu. This opens the
<em>Filter Panel</em> at the top of the <em>Subsurface</em> window. Three icons are located at the top
right hand of the filter panel (see image below). The <em>Filter Panel</em> can be reset
(i.e. all current filters cleared) by selecting the <strong>yellow angled arrow</strong>. The <em>Filter Panel</em> may also be
minimized by selecting the <strong>green up-arrow</strong>. When minimized, only these three icons are shown.
The panel can be maximized by clicking the same icon that minimized it. The filter may also be
reset and closed by selecting the <strong>red button</strong> with the white cross.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Filterpanel.jpg" alt="Figure: Filter panel" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Four filter criteria may be used to filter the dive list: dive tags, person (buddy / divemaster), dive site
and dive suit. Each of these is represented by a check list with check boxes. Above
each check list is a second-level filter tool, allowing the listing of only some
attributes within that check list. For instance, typing "<em>ca</em>" in the filter
text box above the tags check list, results in the list being reduced
to "<em>cave</em>" and "<em>cavern</em>". Filtering the check list helps to rapidly find
search terms for filtering the dive list.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To activate filtering of the dive list, check at least one check box in one of
the four check lists. The dive list is then shortened to include
only the dives that pertain to the criteria specified in the check lists.
The four check lists work as a filter with <em>AND</em> operators. Subsurface
filters therefore for <em>cave</em> as a tag AND <em>Joe Smith</em> as a buddy. But the
filters within a category are inclusive - filtering for <em>cave</em> and <em>boat</em>
shows those dives that have either one OR both of these tags.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_ExportLog">8. Exporting the dive log or parts of the dive log</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>There are two ways to export dive information from Subsurface:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Export dive information to <em>Facebook</em>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_Export_other">Export dive information to other destinations or formats</a>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_Facebook">8.1. Exporting dive information to <em>Facebook</em></h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Export of dives to <em>Facebook</em> is handled differently from other types of export because
a connection to <em>Facebook</em> is required, needing a <em>Facebook</em> userID and password.
From the <strong>Main Menu</strong>, select <em>Share on → Connect to → Facebook</em> (image <strong>A</strong> below)
A <em>Facebook</em> login screen appears (image <strong>B</strong> below). Provide a <em>Facebook</em> userID and password.
From the <em>Subsurface</em> window it’s easy to determine whether <em>Subsurface</em> has a valid connection to <em>Facebook</em>:
from the <strong>Main Menu</strong>, select <em>Share on</em> (image <strong>A</strong>, below). Normally, the <em>Facebook</em> option is greyed out. But
if there is a connection to <em>Facebook</em>, this option is active (i.e. in black color and can be selected).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Once logged into to <em>Facebook</em> , a panel is shown with a message:
"<em>To disconnect Subsurface from your Facebook account, use the <em>Share on</em> menu entry</em>."
Close this message panel.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/facebook1.jpg" alt="Figure: Facebook login" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Having established a login to <em>Facebook</em>, transferring a dive profile to a <em>Facebook</em> timeline is easy.
In the <em>Subsurface</em> <strong>Dive List</strong> panel, highlight the dive to be transferred.
Then, from the <strong>Main Menu</strong>, select <em>Share on → Facebook</em>. A dialogue box
is shown, determining the amount of additional information to be transferred
with the dive profile (image <strong>A</strong>, below). To transfer a dive profile to <em>Facebook</em>, the name of a
<em>Facebook</em> album is needed. The checkboxes on the left hand side determine how much
additional information is added to the dive profile, shown in the text box
on the right hand side of the panel (image <strong>A</strong>, below). Customise the message that will be posted
with the dive profile by editing any of the information. After specifying additional information
and verifying the text, select the <em>OK</em> button that triggers the transfer to <em>Facebook</em>. After the transfer
is done, an acknowledgement dialogue appears, indicating it was successful.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Both the album created and the post to your timeline are marked as
private. In order for friends to be able to see the post,
log into <em>Facebook</em> using a browser or Facebook app and change its permissions.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/facebook2.jpg" alt="Figure: Facebook data submission" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If required, then close the <em>Facebook</em> connection by selecting, from the <strong>Main Menu</strong>,
<em>Share on → Disconnect from → Facebook</em> (image <strong>B</strong> above).</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_Export_other">8.2. Export dive information to other destinations or formats</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For non-<em>Facebook exports</em>, the export function can be found by selecting <em>File → Export</em>, which brings up
the Export dialog. This dialog always gives two options: save ALL dives, or save only
the dives selected in <strong>Dive List</strong> panel of <em>Subsurface</em>. Click the appropriate
radio button (see images below).</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Export_f20.jpg" alt="Figure: Export dialog" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>A dive log or part of it can be saved in several formats:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Subsurface XML</em> format. This is the native format used by <em>Subsurface</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Universal Dive Data Format (<em>UDDF</em>). Refer to <em>http://uddf.org</em> for more information.
UDDF is a generic format that enables communication among many dive computers
and computer programs.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Divelogs.de</em>, an Internet-based dive log repository. In order to upload to <em>Divelogs.de</em>,
you need a user-ID as well as a password for <em>Divelogs.de</em>. Log into <em>http://en.divelogs.de</em>
and subscribe to this service to upload dive log data from <em>Subsurface</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>DiveShare</em> is also a dive log repository on the Internet focusing on recreational
dives. To upload dives, you need a user ID, so registration with
<em>http://scubadiveshare.com</em> is required.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>CSV dive details</em>, that includes the most critical information of the dive
profile. Included information of a dive is: dive number, date, time, buddy,
duration, depth, temperature and pressure: in short, most of the information
that recreational divers enter into handwritten log books.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>CSV dive profile</em>, that includes a large amount of detail for each dive, including
the depth profile, temperature and pressure information of each dive.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>HTML</em> format, in which the dive(s) are stored in HTML files, readable
with an Internet browser. Most modern web browsers are supported, but JavaScript
must be enabled. The HTML export cannot be changed or edited.
It contains most of the information recorded in the dive log. However, it does not show the
calculated values in the <strong>Dive Profile</strong> panel, e.g. dive ceiling, calculated cylinder pressure, gas
pressures and MOD. The HTML export contains a search
option to search the dive log. HTML export is specified on the second tab of the
Export dialog (image <strong>B</strong> above). A typical use of this option is to export all your
dives to a smartphone or a tablet where it would serve as a portable record
of dives, useful for dive companies wishing to verify the dive history of a diver,
and doing away with the need to carry an original logbook
when doing dives with dive companies.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Worldmap</em> format, an HTML file with a world map upon which each dive and
some information about it are indicated. This map is not editable. If you select any
of the dive sites on the map, a summary of the dive is available in text, as shown
in the image below.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/mapview_f20.jpg" alt="Figure: HTML Map export view" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>TeX</em> format, a file for printing using the TeX typesetting
software. Choose a filename with a <em>.tex</em> extension. You will also
need a template file, that can be obtained from
<a href="http://www.atdotde.de/%7erobert/subsurfacetemplate/">http://www.atdotde.de/~robert/subsurfacetemplate/</a> in the same
directory as the <em>.tex</em> file. The file can then be processed with
plain TeX (not LaTeX), for example by running <em>pdftex filename.tex</em>
on the command line.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/texexample.png" alt="Figure: Export to TeX" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Image depths</em>, which creates a text file that contains the file names of all
photos or images attached
to any of the selected dives in the <em>Dive List</em>, together with the depth underwater where
of each of those photos was taken.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>General Settings</em>, under the HTML tab, provides the following options:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Subsurface Numbers: if this option is checked, the dive(s) are exported with the
numbers associated with them in Subsurface, Otherwise the dive(s) will be numbered
starting from 1.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Export Yearly Statistics: if this option is checked, a yearly statistics table will
be attached to the HTML exports.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Export List only: a list of dives only (date, time, depth, duration) will be exported
and the detailed dive information, e.g. dive profile, will not be available.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Under <em>Style Options</em> some style-related options are available like font
size and theme.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Export to other formats can be done through third party facilities, for
instance <em>www.divelogs.de</em>.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_Cloud_access">9. Keeping a <em>Subsurface</em> dive log in the Cloud</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>For each diver, dive log information is highly important. Not only is it a record
of diving activities for your pleasure, but it’s important information required
for admission to training courses or sometimes even diving sites. The
security of the dive log is critical. To have a dive log that is
resistant to failure of a home computer hard drive, loss or theft of equipment, the
Cloud is an obvious solution. This also has the added benefit that you can access your dive
log from anywhere in the world. For this reason, facilities such as <em>divelogs.de</em> and <em>Diving Log</em> offer to store
dive log information on the Internet.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Subsurface</em> includes access to a transparently integrated cloud storage
back end that is available to all Subsurface users. Storing and retrieving a dive log
from the cloud is no more difficult than accessing the dives on the local hard disk.
The only requirement is that you should first register as a user on the cloud.
To use <em>Subsurface cloud storage</em> , follow these steps:</p></div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_create_a_cloud_storage_account">9.1. Create a cloud storage account</h3>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Open the <strong>Network Preferences</strong> by selecting <em>File</em> → <em>Preferences</em> → <em>Network</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
In the section headed <em>Subsurface cloud storage</em>, enter an email address that
<em>Subsurface</em> can use for user registration.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Enter a novel password that <em>Subsurface</em> will use to store the
dive log in the cloud.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Click <em>Apply</em> to send the above email address and password to the
(remote) cloud server. The server responds by sending a verification PIN to
the above email address (This is the <strong>only</strong> occasion that <em>Subsurface</em> uses the
email address provided above). The <strong>Network Preferences</strong> dialog now has a new PIN text
box, not visible previously.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Enter the PIN in the corresponding text box in the <strong>Network Preferences</strong> dialog
(this field is only visible while the server is waiting for email
address confirmation)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Click <em>Apply</em> again. The <em>Subsurface cloud storage</em> account
will be marked as verified and the <em>Subsurface cloud storage</em> service is initialised for use.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_using_em_subsurface_cloud_storage_em">9.2. Using <em>Subsurface cloud storage</em></h3>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Once the cloud storage has been initialized, two new items appear in the
<em>File</em> menu of the main menu system: <em>Open cloud storage</em> and <em>Save to cloud storage</em>.
These options let you load and save data to the <em>Subsurface
cloud storage</em> server.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
In the <em>Defaults Preferences</em> tab, you can select to use the <em>Subsurface cloud
storage</em> data as the default data file by checking the box marked <em>Cloud storage default file</em>.
This means the data from
the <em>Subsurface cloud storage</em> is loaded when <em>Subsurface</em> starts and saved there when <em>Subsurface</em> closes.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Subsurface</em> keeps a local copy of the data and the cloud facility remains fully
functional even if used while disconnected to the Internet. <em>Subsurface</em> simply synchronizes the
data with the cloud server the next time the program is used while the computer is
connected to the Internet.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_Cloud_storage">9.3. Web access to <em>Subsurface cloud storage</em></h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>One of the nice side benefits of using <em>Subsurface cloud storage</em> is that
you can also access your dive data from any web browser. Simply open
<a href="https://cloud.subsurface-divelog.org"><em>https://cloud.subsurface-divelog.org</em></a>,
log in with the same email and password, and you can see an HTML export of
the last dive data that was synced to <em>Subsurface cloud storage</em>. The dive information
shown is only the contents of the recorded dive logs, NOT the calculated values
shown in the <strong>Profile</strong> panel,
including some cylinder pressures, deco ceilings and O<sub>2</sub>/He/N<sub>2</sub> partial pressures.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_other_cloud_services">9.4. Other cloud services</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If you prefer not to use the integrated cloud storage of dive logs (and
don’t need the web access), it’s simple to store
dive logs in the cloud using several of the existing facilities on the
Internet.
For instance
<a href="https://www.dropbox.com/"><em>Dropbox</em></a>
offers a free application that allows
files on the Dropbox servers to be seen as a local folder on a desktop computer.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Cloud.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Dropbox folder" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <em>Dropbox</em> program creates a copy of the <em>Dropbox</em> Internet Cloud content on your
desktop computer. When the computer is connected to the Internet, the Internet
content is automatically updated. Therefore both the <em>Open</em> and <em>Save</em> of dive logs are done
using the local copy of the dive log in the local <em>Dropbox</em> folder, so there’s no need
for a direct internet connection. If the local copy is modified, e.g. by adding a dive,
the remote copy in the <em>Dropbox</em> server in the Cloud will be automatically updated whenever
Internet access is available.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_user_space">10. Several <em>Subsurface</em> users on one desktop computer</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>A frequent need is for two or more persons to use <em>Subsurface</em> on the same desktop computer. For instance
members of a household may use the same computer or one family member may perform dive uploads for other
family members/friends. There are two approaches for doing this.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>A)</strong> If the different users of a desktop computer do not log onto the desktop/laptop under different user names
then the simplest way is for each person to use her/his own divelog file within Subsurface. In this case John
would work with the <em>Subsurface</em> file <em>johns-divelog</em> and Joan would use <em>joans-divelog</em>. Select
the appropriate dive log by selecting, from the <strong>Main Menu</strong>, <em>File → Open logbook</em> and then select your own
dive log file from the list of files lower down in the menu. However, a problem arises if the users
prefer different settings for <em>Subsurface</em>. For instance, one diver may prefer to see the dive ceiling in the
<strong>Profile Panel</strong> and photos icons in the <strong>Dive List</strong>, while the other may not have these preferences. In addition,
the cloud connection is normally unique for each <em>Subsurface</em> installation and if more than one user wishes to save
dive data on the cloud, it is inconvenient to open the <strong>Preferences</strong> and change the user-ID data every time
the cloud is accessed. To solve these problems, launch <em>Subsurface</em> with a <em>--user=<user name></em> command-line option.
John can then activate <em>Subsurface</em> with this command-line instruction:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>subsurface --user=John</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>while Joan can launch <em>Subsurface</em> using:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>subsurface --user=Joan</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In this case, each user’s preferences, settings and cloud access information are stored separately, allowing
each diver to interact with <em>Subsurface</em> in her/his preferred way and with individual cloud access. The above
process can be made user-friendly by creating a link/shortcut with a desktop icon that executes the above
command-line instruction. Use of the <em>--user=</em> option therefore enables each user to create, maintain and
backup a separate dive log within a personalised user interface. This way, when each diver launches <em>Subsurface</em>,
it opens with the correct dive log as well as the appropriate display and backup preferences, and each diver
can access their own divelog on a mobile device using <a href="https://subsurface-divelog.org/documentation/subsurface-mobile-user-manual"><em>Subsurface-Mobile</em></a>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>B)</strong> On the other hand, if the users log onto the same computer using different userIDs and passwords (i.e. users each
have a separate user space), <em>Subsurface</em> is available independently to each user and every diver automatically has a separate
user profile and settings, including unique cloud and <em>Subsurface-Mobile</em> access.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_PrintDivelog">11. Printing a dive log</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Subsurface</em> provides a simple and flexible way to print a whole dive log or only a few selected dives.
Pre-installed templates or a custom written template can be used to choose where the data are fitted into the page.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Some decisions need to be made before printing:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Should the whole dive log be printed or only part of it? If only part
is required, select the required dives from the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
If the dive profiles are printed, what gas partial pressure information should be shown? Select
the appropriate toggle-buttons on the button bar to the left of the <strong>Dive Profile</strong> panel.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If <em>File → Print</em> is selected from the Main menu, the dialogue below (image <strong>A</strong>) appears. Three
specifications are needed to get the desired information and page layout:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Print1_f22.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Print dialogue" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
Under <em>Print type</em> select one of two options:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Dive list print</em>: Print dives from the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel with profiles and other information.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Statistics print</em>: Print yearly statistics of the dives.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Under <em>Print options</em> select:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Printing only the dives selected from the dive list before
activating the print dialogue by checking the box <em>Print only selected dives</em>. If this
check box is <strong>not</strong> checked ALL dives in
the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel are printed.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Printing in color, done by checking the box with <em>Print in color</em>. If this check box
is not checked, printing is in black and white.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Under <em>Template</em> select a template to be used as the page layout. There are several choices.
(see image <strong>B</strong>, above).
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Table</em>: This prints a summary table of all dives selected (see below).
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Print_summarylist_f22.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Print summary table" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Flow layout</em>: Print the text associated with each dive without printing the dive profiles
of each dive (see below):
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Print_flow_layout_f22.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Print flow layout" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>One Dive</em>: Print one dive per page, also showing the dive profile (see below)
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/print2_f22.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Print one dive / page" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Two Dives</em>: Print two dives per page, also showing the dive profiles.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Six Dives</em>: Print six dives per page, also showing the dive profiles.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>You can <em>Preview</em> the printed page by selecting the <em>Preview</em> button on the
dialogue (see image <strong>A</strong> at the start of this section). After preview, you can change
the options in the print dialogue, so the layout fits personal taste.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Next, select the <em>Print</em> button (see image <strong>A</strong> at the start of this section). This activates the regular print
dialogue used by the operating system,
letting you choose a printer and set its properties (see image below):</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Print_print_f22.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Print dialog" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Set the print resolution of the printer to an appropriate value by changing
the printer <em>Properties</em>. Finally, select the <em>Print</em> button to print the dives.
Below is a (rather small) example of the output for one particular page.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Printpreview.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Print preview page" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_writing_a_custom_print_template_advanced">11.1. Writing a custom print template (advanced)</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Writing a custom template is an effective way to produce highly customized printouts. Subsurface uses HTML templates
to render printing. You can create a template, export a new template, import an existing template and delete an existing template by using
the appropriate buttons under the <em>Template</em> dropdown list in the print dialogue. See <a href="#S_APPENDIX_E">APPENDIX E</a> for information on how
to write or modify a template.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_Configure">12. Configuring a dive computer</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Subsurface</em> lets you configure a dive computer. Currently, the Heinrichs-Weikamp (OSTC 2/2N/2C, OSTC 3, Sport) and
Suunto Vyper (Stinger, Mosquito, D3, Vyper, Vytec,
Cobra, Gekko and Zoop) family of dive computers are supported. A large number of settings of these dive computers
can be read and changed to different values. To begin, be sure the appropriate hardware driver
is installed for the dive computer (also required for downloading dives) and the device name of the dive computer is known.
See <a href="#_appendix_a_operating_system_specific_information_for_importing_dive_information_from_a_dive_computer">APPENDIX A</a> for information on how to do this.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Once the dive computer is connected to the <em>Subsurface</em> computer, select <em>File → Configure dive
computer</em> from the <em>Main Menu</em>. Select the appropriate device name (or mount point) in the
dropdown list at the
top of the configuration panel and select the appropriate dive
computer model from the panel on the left-hand (see image below).</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Configure_dc_f20.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Configure dive computer" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Using the appropriate buttons on the configuration panel, the following actions can be done:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Retrieve available details</strong>. This loads the existing configuration from the dive computer
to <em>Subsurface</em>, showing it in the configuration panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Save changes to device</strong>. This changes the configuration of the
dive computer to correspond to the information shown in the configuration panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Backup</strong>. This saves the configuration data to a file. <em>Subsurface</em> asks for
a file location and file name for the saved information.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Restore backup</strong>. This loads the information from a backup file and displays it
in the configuration panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Update firmware</strong>. If new firmware is available for the dive computer, this is
loaded into the dive computer.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_Preferences">13. Setting user <em>Preferences</em> for <em>Subsurface</em></h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>There are several user-definable settings within <em>Subsurface</em>, found by selecting
<em>File → Preferences</em>, mostly affecting the way in which <em>Subsurface</em>
shows dive information to the user. The settings are in
six panels: <em>General</em>, <em>Units</em>, <em>Profile</em>, <em>Language</em>, <em>Network</em>, and <em>Georeference</em>,
all of which operate on the same principles: specified settings can be applied to the display of
the dive log by selecting <em>Apply</em>. At this stage, any new settings only apply to the present
session and are not saved. In order to apply
new settings permanently, select the <em>Save</em> button. If you do not wish to
apply the new preferences, select <em>Cancel</em>.</p></div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_general">13.1. General</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>There are several headings in the <strong>General</strong> panel:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Pref1_f23.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Preferences general page" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Lists and tables</strong>: Specify the font type and font size of the
<strong>Dive Table</strong> panel: decreasing the font size allows one to see more dives on a screen.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Dives</strong>: For the <em>Default Dive Log File</em> specify the directory and
file name of your
electronic dive log book. This is a file with filename extension of either <em>.xml</em> or <em>.ssrf</em>. When
launched, <em>Subsurface</em> will automatically load the specified dive log book. There are three options:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>No default file</em>: When checked, <em>Subsurface</em> does not automatically load a dive log at startup.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Local default file</em>: When checked, <em>Subsurface</em> automatically loads a dive log from the local hard disk.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Cloud storage default file</em>: When checked, <em>Subsurface automatically loads the dive log from the cloud
device that was initialized using the <strong>Preferences</strong> _Network</em> tab (see below).
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Display invalid</strong>: Dives can be marked as invalid (when a user wishes to hide
dives that he/she doesn’t consider valid dives, e.g. pool dives, but still want to
keep them in the dive log). This controls whether those dives are displayed in
the dive list.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Default cylinder</strong>: From the dropdown list, select the default cylinder to be used in
the <strong>Equipment</strong> tab of the <strong>Notes</strong> panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Animations</strong>: Some actions in showing the dive profile are performed using
animations. For instance, the axis values for depth and time change from dive to
dive. When viewing a different dive, these changes in axis characteristics do not
happen instantaneously, but are animated. The <em>Speed</em> of animations can be controlled
by setting this slider
with faster animation speed to the left, and a 0 value representing no animation
at all.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Clear all settings</strong>: As indicated in the button below this heading, all settings are
cleared and set to default values.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_units">13.2. Units</h3>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Pref2_f23.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Preferences Units page" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Choose between metric and imperial units of depth, pressure,
volume, temperature and mass. By selecting the Metric or Imperial radio button
at the top, you can specify that all units are in the chosen measurement system.
Alternatively, if you select the <strong>Personalize</strong> radio button, units can be selected
independently, with some in the metric system and others in imperial.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Regardless
of the above settings, dive time measurements can be either in seconds or minutes.
Choose the appropriate option. GPS coordinates can be represented either as
traditional coordinates (degrees, minutes, seconds) or as decimal degrees
Choose the appropriate option.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_profile">13.3. Profile</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This panel has three sections:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" id="S_CCR_options" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Pref4_f23.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Preferences Graph page" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="ulist" id="S_GradientFactors"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Gas pressure display setup</strong>. Even though nitrogen and helium pressures are also included here, these items mainly pertain to oxygen management:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Thresholds</em>: <em>Subsurface</em> can display graphs of the nitrogen, oxygen and the helium
partial pressures during
the dive, activated using the toolbar on the left of the <strong>Dive Profile</strong>
panel. For each of these graphs, specify a threshold value. If any of the graphs go
above the specified threshold, the graph is
highlighted in red, indicating the particular partial pressure threshold has been exceeded.
The pO<sub>2</sub> threshold is probably the most important one and a value of 1.6 is commonly used.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>pO<sub>2</sub> in calculating MOD</em> is used for calculating the maximum operative depth for a particular
nitrox or trimix gas mixture. A value of 1.4 is commonly used.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
CCR Options: These options determine oxygen management for CCR dives:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Dive planner default setpoint</em>: Specify the O<sub>2</sub> setpoint for a
CCR dive plan. This determines the pO<sub>2</sub> maintained
during a particular dive. Setpoint changes during the dive can be added via the
profile context menu.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>CCR: Show O<sub>2</sub> sensor values when viewing pO<sub>2</sub>:</em> Show the pO<sub>2</sub>
values associated with each of the individual oxygen sensors of a CCR system.
See the section on <a href="#S_CCR_dives">Closed Circuit Rebreather dives</a>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>CCR: Show setpoints when viewing pO<sub>2</sub>:</em> With this checkbox activated, the pO<sub>2</sub>
graph on the dive profile has an overlay in red which indicates the CCR setpoint
values. See the section on <a href="#S_CCR_dives">Closed Circuit Rebreather dives</a>.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>pSCR options</em>. These preferences determine how passive semi-closed circuit (pSCR) dives
are planned and how the pSCR deco ceiling is calculated:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Metabolic rate:</em> this is the
volume of oxygen used by a diver during a minute. Set this value for pSCR dive planning
and decompression calculations.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>pSCR ratio:</em> The dilution ratio (or dump ratio) is the ratio of gas released to the
environment to that of the gas recirculated to the diver. A 1:10 ratio is commonly used.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Show equivalent OC with pSCR pO<sub>2</sub></em>: The pO<sub>2</sub> in the pSCR loop is usually lower than the
pO<sub>2</sub> of the fresh gas from the cylinder. Activating this checkbox allows the pO<sub>2</sub> graph
in the dive profile to also show the pO<sub>2</sub> of the fresh gas entering the loop.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Ceiling display setup</strong>. These settings mostly deal with nitrogen and helium management
by determining how the decompression ceiling (ascent ceiling) is calculated and displayed:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Draw dive computer reported ceiling red</em>: This checkbox does exactly what it says. By default
the computer reported ceiling is shown in white.
Not all dive computers report ceiling values. If the dive computer does report it, it may differ
from the ceilings calculated by <em>Subsurface</em> because of the different algorithms and
gradient factors, as well as the dynamic way a
dive computer calculates ceilings during a dive.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Algorithm for calculating ceiling</em>. Choose between the Bühlmann Z1H-L16
decompression model and the VPM-B model:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>VPM-B</em>: Provide a conservatism level for calculating the VPM-B ceiling. Values between 0
(least conservative) and 4 (most conservative) are valid.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Bühlmann: Set the <em>gradient factors</em> (GFLow and GFHigh) for calculcating the deco ceiling following
the ZH-L16 algorithm. GF_Low is the gradient factor at depth and GF_High is used at the surface.
At intermediate depths gradient factors between GF_Low and GF_High are used.
Gradient factors add conservatism to nitrogen and helium exposure during a dive, in a
similar way that many dive computers have a conservatism setting. The lower
the value of a gradient factor, the more conservative the calculations are with
respect to inert gas loading and the deeper the ceilings are. Gradient
factors of 20/60 are considered conservative and values of 70/90 are considered
harsh.
For more information see:
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="http://www.tek-dive.com/portal/upload/M-Values.pdf">Understanding M-values by Erik Baker, <em>Immersed</em> Vol. 3, No. 3.</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="http://www.rebreatherworld.com/general-and-new-to-rebreather-articles/5037-gradient-factors-for-dummies.html">Gradient factors for dummies, by Kevin Watts</a>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Misc</strong>
</p>
<div class="ulist" id="GradientFactors_Ref"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Show unused cylinders in Equipment Tab</em>: This checkbox allows display of information about unused cylinders when viewing the
<strong>Equipment Tab</strong>. If this box is not checked, and if any cylinders entered using the <strong>Equipment Tab</strong> are not used (e.g. there
was no gas switch to such a cylinder), then these cylinders are omitted from that list.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Show mean depth</em>: If this box is checked, the <strong>Dive Profile</strong> panel contains a grey line that shows
the mean depth of the dive, up to any time instant during the dive. Normally this is a u-shaped line indicating the deepest mean depth just before
ascent.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_language">13.4. Language</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Choose a language that <em>Subsurface</em> will use.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Pref3_f23.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Preferences Language page" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Check the <em>System Default</em> language i.e. the language of the underlying operating system
if this is appropriate. This is the default setting in <em>Subsurface</em>.
To change it, uncheck this checkbox and pick a language / country
combination from the list of locations. The <em>Filter</em> text box
to list similar languages. For instance there are several system variants of English
or French. <strong>This particular preference requires a restart of <em>Subsurface</em> to take
effect</strong>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In this section also specify appropriate date and time formats for showing dive details.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_network">13.5. Network</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This panel facilitates communication between <em>Subsurface</em> and data sources on the Internet.
This is important, for instance, when <em>Subsurface</em> needs to communicate with web
services such as Cloud storage, the <a href="#S_Companion"><em>Subsurface Companion app</em></a> or when you want to communicate through a proxy.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Pref5_f23.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Preferences Network page" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This dialogue has three sections:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Proxy</em>:
If a proxy server is used for Internet access, the type of proxy needs to be selected from the dropdown list,
after which the IP address of the host and the appropriate port number should
be provided. If the proxy server uses authentication, the appropriate userID and
password are required so that <em>Subsurface</em> can automatically pass
through the proxy server to access the Internet. This information is usually obtained
from your ISP.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Subsurface cloud storage</em>: To store your dive log in the cloud, a valid email address
and password are required. This lets <em>Subsurface</em> email security information
regarding cloud storage to you, and to set up cloud storage appropriately.
Two additional options are given:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Sync to cloud in the background</em>: This option allows saving of dive information to the cloud storage
while you do other things within <em>Subsurface</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Save password locally</em>: This allows local storage of the cloud storage password. Note that this
information is saved in raw text form, not encoded in any way.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Subsurface web service</em>: When you subscribe to the <a href="#S_Companion">Subsurface web service</a>, a very
long and hard-to-remember userID is issued. This is the place to save that userID. By
checking the option <em>Save User ID locally?</em>, you ensure a local copy of that userID is saved.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_georeference">13.6. Georeference</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Subsurface</em> provides a geo-lookup service (that is, given the coordinates of a dive site) derived from
a click on the <strong>Dive Map panel</strong> at the bottom right of the <em>Subsurface</em> window, or from a GPS instrument or
from the <em>Subsurface</em> Companion app). A search on the Internet is done to find
the name of the closest known location. This function only works if <em>Subsurface</em> has an
Internet connection. The preference of the dive site name can be configured, e.g. <em>Country/State/City</em>
or <em>City/State/Country</em> (see image below).</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Pref7_f23.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Georeference panel" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_DivePlanner">14. The <em>Subsurface</em> dive planner</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Dive planning is an advanced feature of <em>Subsurface</em>, accessed by selecting
<em>Log → Plan Dive</em> from the main menu. It allows calculation of
inert gas load during a dive by using the Bühlmann ZH-L16 algorithm with the addition
of gradient factors as implemented by Erik Baker, or using the VPM-B model.</p></div>
<div class="sidebarblock">
<div class="content">
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/warning2.png" alt="Warning" />
</td>
<td class="content">The <em>Subsurface</em> dive planner IS EXPERIMENTAL
and assumes the user is already familiar with the <em>Subsurface</em>
user interface. It is explicitly used under the following conditions:</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
The user is conversant with dive planning and has the necessary training to perform
dive planning.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The user plans dives within his/her certification limits.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Dive planning makes large assumptions about the characteristics of the <em>average person</em>
and cannot compensate for individual physiology or health or personal history or
life style characteristics.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The safety of a dive plan depends heavily on the way in which the planner is used.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The user is familiar with the user interface of <em>Subsurface</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
A user who is not absolutely sure about any of the above requirements should not use
this feature.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div></div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_the_em_subsurface_em_dive_planner_screen">14.1. The <em>Subsurface</em> dive planner screen</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Like the <em>Subsurface</em> dive log, the planner screen is divided into several sections (see image below). The <strong>setup</strong>
parameters for a dive are entered into the sections on the left hand and bottom side of the screen.
They are: Available Gases, Rates, Planning, Gas Options and Notes.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>At the top right hand is a green <strong>design panel</strong> on which the profile of the dive can be
manipulated directly by dragging and clicking as explained below. This feature makes the
<em>Subsurface</em> dive planner unique in ease of use.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>At the bottom right is a text panel with a heading of <em>Dive Plan Details</em>. This is where the details of
the dive plan are provided in a way that can easily be copied to other software. This is also where
any warning messages about the dive plan are printed.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/PlannerWindow1.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Dive planner startup window" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_open_circuit_dives">14.2. Open circuit dives</h3>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Towards the center bottom of the planner (circled in blue in the image above) is a dropbox with three options. Select the appropriate one of these:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Open Circuit (the default)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
CCR
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
pSCR
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Choose the Open Circuit option.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
In the top left-hand area of the planning screen, be sure the constant dive parameters are
appropriate. These are: Start date and time of the intended dive, Atmospheric Pressure and Altitude
above sea level of the dive site. The atmospheric pressure can also be entered as an altitude
in meters, assuming a sea-level atmospheric pressure of 1.013 bar.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
In the table labelled <em>Available Gases</em>, add the information of the cylinders to be used
as well as the gas composition within that cylinder. This is done in a similar way as for
<a href="#cylinder_definitions">providing cylinder data for dive logs</a>. Choose the cylinder type by
double clicking the cylinder type and using the dropdown list, then specify the start
pressure of this cylinder. By leaving the oxygen concentration (O<sub>2</sub>%) field empty,
the cylinder is assumed to contain air. Otherwise enter the oxygen and/or helium
concentration in the boxes provided in this dialogue. Add additional cylinders by using the
"+" icon to the top right-hand of the dialogue.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The <em>Available Gases</em> table includes three gas depth fields, labelled:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Deco switch at: the switch depth for deco gases. Unless overridden by the user, this will be
automatically calculated based on the Deco pO<sub>2</sub> preference (default 1.6 bar)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Bot. MOD: the gas Maximum Operating Depth (MOD) if it is used as a bottom mix. Automatically
calculated based on the Bottom pO<sub>2</sub> preference (default 1.4 bar). Editing this field will modify the
O<sub>2</sub>% according to the depth set. Set to <em>'*</em>' to calculate the best O<sub>2</sub>% for the dive maximum depth.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
MND: the gas Maximum Narcotic Depth (MND). Automatically calculated based on the Best Mix END
preference (default 30m / 98 ft). Editing this field will modify the He% according to the depth set.
Set to <em>'*</em>' to calculate the best He% for the dive maximum depth.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The profile of the planned dive can be created in two ways:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Drag the waypoints
(the small white circles) on the existing dive profile to represent the dive. Additional
waypoints can be created by double-clicking the existing dive profile. Waypoints can be deleted
by right-clicking a particular waypoint and selecting the <em>delete</em> item from the resulting
context menu.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The most efficient way to create a dive profile is to enter the appropriate values into the table
marked <em>Dive planner points</em>. The first line of the table represents the duration and the final
depth of the descent from the surface. Subsequent segments describe the bottom phase of the dive.
The <em>CC setpoint</em> column is only relevant for closed circuit divers.
The ascent is usually not specified because this is what the planner is supposed to calculate.
Add additional segments to the profile by selecting the "+" icon at the top right hand of the
table. Segments entered into the <em>Dive planner points</em> table automatically appear in the <strong>Dive
Profile</strong> diagram.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_recreational_dives">14.2.1. Recreational dives</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Recreational mode is intended for what most divers would call "recreational", "sports"or "nontechnical" dives,
remaining within no-deco limits (NDL).
It computes the maximum time a diver can stay at the current depth without needing mandatory decompression
stops and without using more than the existing gas (minus a reserve). The planner automatically takes
into account the nitrogen load incurred in previous dives. But conventional dive tables are also used in a
way that can take into account previous dives. Why use a dive planner for recreational dives? The subsurface
dive planner provides two significant advantages over the use of recreational dive tables for dive planning.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Firstly, using recreational dive tables, the maximum depth of each previous dive is taken into account. But
few dives are done at a constant depth corresponding to the maximum depth (i.e. a "square" dive profile). This means
dive tables overestimate the nitrogen load incurred during previous dives. The <em>Subsurface</em>
dive planner calculates nitrogen load according to the real dive profiles of all uploaded previous dives,
in a similar way as dive computers calculate nitrogen load during a dive. This means that the diver gets <em>credit,</em>
in terms of nitrogen load, for not remaining at maximum depth during
previous dives, so a longer subsequent dive can be planned.
For the planner to work it’s therefore crucial to log previous dives
in <em>Subsurface</em> before doing dive planning.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Secondly, recreational dive tables are not designed to build additional safety features into a dive. NDL times
derived from dive tables often take divers close to the limit where decompression sickness (DCS) can arise. The
Subsurface dive planner allows a diver to build more safety features into a dive plan, preventing recreational
divers from getting close to the limits of getting a DCS hit. This is performed by specifying appropriate
gradient factors for a dive plan, as explained below.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To plan a dive, the appropriate settings need to be defined.</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Ensure the date and time is set to that of the intended dive. This allows calculation of
the nitrogen load incurred during previous dives.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Immediately under the heading <em>Planning</em> are two checkboxes <em>Recreational</em> and <em>Safety Stop</em>.
Check these two boxes.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Then define the cylinder size,
the gas mixture (air or % oxygen) and the working cylinder pressure in the top left-hand
section of the planner under <em>Available gases</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The planner calculates whether the specified cylinder contains enough air/gas to complete
the planned dive. In order for this to be accurate, under <em>Gas options</em>, specify an appropriate
surface air consumption (SAC) rate for <em>Bottom SAC</em>. Suitable values are between 15 l/min and 30 l/min,
with novice divers or difficult dives requiring SAC rates closer to 30l/min.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Define the amount of gas the cylinder must have at the end of the bottom section of the
dive just before ascent. A value of 50 bar is often used. The reason for this reserve gas is to provide for the possible
need to bring a buddy to the surface using gas sharing. How much gas is used in
sharing depends on the depth of the ascent. This can be difficult to estimate, so most agencies assume a
fixed amount of gas, or actually of pressure e.g. 40 or 50 bar or 25% or 33% (rule of thirds). But <em>Subsurface</em> can do better
because it knows about the ascent and that is why we add the amount of gas during the ascent.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Define the depth of the dive by dragging the waypoints (white dots) on the dive profile or
(even better) defining the appropriate depths using the table under <em>Dive planner points</em> as
described under the previous heading. If
this is a multilevel dive, set the appropriate dive depths to represent the dive plan by adding
waypoints to the dive profile or by adding appropriate dive planner points to the <em>Dive Planner Points</em>
table. <em>Subsurface</em> will automatically extend the bottom section of the dive to the maximum
duration within the no-decompression limits (NDL).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The ascent speed can be changed. The default ascent speeds are those considered safe for recreational
divers.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
To build additional safety into the dive plan (over and above those of recreational dive tables),
specify gradient factors less than 100% (<em>GFHigh</em>
and <em>GFLow</em> under the <em>Planning</em> heading in the planner). On the other hand, to
approximate the values in recreational dive tables, set the gradient factors to 100.
By reducing the values of GFHigh and GFLow to values below 100, one
can build more safety into a dive. Decreasing the values of the gradient factors below 100 will shorten the
duration of the dive. This is the price of a larger safety margin. Reasons for using gradient factors less than 100
may be the age of the diver, the health of a diver, or unusual conditions such as cold water or strong currents.
Realistic conservative values for the gradient factors are GFLow=40% and GFHigh=80%. This allows you to
create a cusom dive plan, suited to yourself as well as the dive conditions.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Below is an image of a dive plan for a recreational dive at 30 meters with gradient factors of 100. Because the no-deco limit (NDL) is 22
minutes, there remains a significant amount of air in the cylinder at the end of the dive.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Planner_OC_rec1.jpg" alt="FIGURE: A recreational dive plan: setup" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The dive profile in the planner shows the maximum dive time within no-deco limits using the
Bühlmann ZH-L16 algorithm and the gas and depth settings specified as described above. The <em>Subsurface</em> planner
allows rapid assessment of dive duration as a function of dive depth, given the nitrogen load incurred during previous dives. The
dive plan includes estimates of the amount of air/gas used, depending on the cylinder settings specified
under <em>Available gases</em>. If the start cylinder pressure is left blank, the dive duration shown is the
true no-deco limit (NDL) without taking into account gas used during the dive. If the surface above the dive profile is RED
it means that recreational dive limits are exceeded and either the dive duration or the dive depth needs to be reduced.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Below is the same dive plan as above, but with a safety stop and reduced gradient factors for
a larger safety margin.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Planner_OC_rec2.jpg" alt="FIGURE: A recreational dive plan: gradient factors setup" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_non_recreational_open_circuit_dives_including_decompression">14.2.2. Non-recreational open circuit dives, including decompression</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Non-recreational dive planning involves exceeding the no-deco limits and/or using multiple breathing gases.
These dives are planned in three stages:</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>a) Nitrogen management</strong>: This is done by specifying the rates for descent and ascent,
as well as the deco model (GFLow, GFHigh or Conservatism level) under the headings <em>Rates</em> and <em>Planning</em>
to the bottom left of the planning screen. Two deco models are supported the Bühlmann model and the VPM-B
model. Select one of the two models. When selecting the Bühlmann model, the gradient factors (GFHigh and GFLow
need to be specified. Initially, the GFHigh and GFLow values in the <em>Preferences</em>
panel of <em>Subsurface</em> is used. If these are changed within the planner (see <em>Gas Options</em> within
the planner), the new values are
used without changing the original values in the <em>Preferences</em>.
Gradient Factor settings strongly affect the calculated ceilings and their depths.
A very low GFLow value brings on decompression stops early during the dive.</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
For more information about Gradient factors, see the section on <a href="#S_GradientFactors">Gradient Factor Preference settings</a>.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If the VPM-B model is selected, the Conservatism_level needs to be specified on a scale of 0 (least conservative) to 4 (most conservative).
This model tends to give deco stops at deeper levels than the Bühlmann model and often results in slightly shorter
dive durations than the Bühlmann model, albeit at the cost of higher tissue compartment pressures in the slow tissues.
When selecting one of these models, keep in mind they are NOT exact physiological models but
only mathematical models that appear to work in practice.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Please note as well that there is an intrinsic assumption of the VPM-B
model that off-gassing only happens during the ascent phase of the
dive (which is the part controlled by the planner). Thus it is
possible to get misleading results if you manually enter waypoints
well in the decompression phase of your dive. This is particularly
relevant when editing a dive read from disk in the planner since that
will have waypoints up to the surface. Thus for those dives, first
delete all waypoints during the ascent phase. This is most easily done by
holding the Ctrl- or Command-key while clicking on the trash can icon
next to the first ascent waypoint in the table on the left hand side.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For more information external to this manual see:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<a href="http://www.tek-dive.com/portal/upload/M-Values.pdf">Understanding M-values by Erik Baker, <em>Immersed</em> Vol. 3, No. 3.</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="http://www.rebreatherworld.com/general-and-new-to-rebreather-articles/5037-gradient-factors-for-dummies.html">Gradient factors for dummies, by Kevin Watts</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="https://www.amazon.com/Deco-Divers-Decompression-Theory-Physiology/dp/1905492073/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1403932320&sr=1-1&keywords=deco+for+divers"><em>Deco for Divers</em>, by Mark Powell (2008). Aquapress</a> Southend-on-Sea, UK. ISBN 10: 1-905492-07-3.
An excellent non-technical review that discusses both the Bühlmann deco model and the VPM-B model.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The ascent rate is critical for nitrogen off-gassing at the end of the dive and is specified
for several depth ranges, using the mean depth as a yardstick. The mean depth
of the dive plan is shown by a light grey line on the dive profile. Ascent rates
at deeper levels are often in the range of 8-12 m/min, while ascent rates near the surface are
often in the range of 4-9 m/min. The descent rate is also specified. If the option <em>Drop to first depth</em>
is activated, the descent phase of the planned dive will be at the maximal descent rate specified
in the <em>Rates</em> section of the dive setup.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>b) Oxygen management</strong>: In the <strong>Gas Options</strong> part of the dive specification, the maximum partial
pressure for oxygen needs to be specified for the
bottom part of the dive (<em>bottom po2</em>) as well as for the decompression part of the dive (<em>deco po2</em>).
Commonly used values are 1.4 bar for the bottom part of the dive and 1.6 bar for any decompression
stages. Normally, a partial pressure of 1.6 bar is not exceeded. The depth at which switching to a gas
takes place can be edited in the
<em>Available Gases</em> dialog. Normally, the planner decides on switching to a new gas when, during
ascent, the partial pressure of the new gas has decreased to 1.6 bar.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>c) Gas management</strong>: With open-circuit dives this is a primary
consideration. Divers need to keep within the limits of the amount of
gas within the dive
cylinder(s), allowing for an appropriate margin for a safe return to the surface, possibly
sharing with a buddy. Under the <em>Gas Options</em> heading, specify the best (but conservative) estimate
of your surface-equivalent air consumption (SAC, also termed RMV) in
liters/min (for the time being, only SI units are supported). Specify the SAC during the
bottom part of the dive (<em>bottom SAC</em>) as well as during the decompression or safety stops of the
dive (<em>deco SAC</em>). Values of 15-30 l/min are common. For good gas management, a guess
is not sufficient and you needs to
monitor gas consumption on a regular basis, dependent on different dive conditions and/or equipment.
The planner calculates the total volume of gas used during the dive and issues a warning
if you exceeds the total amount of gas available. Good practice demands that divers not dive to
the limit of the gas supply but that an appropriate reserve is kept
for unforeseen circumstances.
For technical diving, this reserve can be up to 66% of the total available gas.
In addition to calculating the total gas consumption for every cylinder the planner provides one way
of calculating the recommended volume of bottom gas which is needed for safe ascent to the
first deco gas change depth or the surface. This procedure is called the "minimum gas" or "rock bottom"
consideration and it is used by various (but not all)
technical diving organisations. See the text below for a detailed explanation.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Now you can start the detailed time-depth planning of the dive. <em>Subsurface</em> offers an unique
graphical interface for doing planning. The mechanics are
similar to hand-entering a dive profile in the dive log part of <em>Subsurface</em>. Upon activating the
planner, a default dive of depth 15 m for 20 min is offered in the blue design surface in the top
right hand part of the planner window. The white dots (waypoints) on the
profile can be dragged with a mouse. Create more waypoints by double-clicking on the profile
line and ensuring the profile reflects the intended dive. Drag the waypoints to represent
the depth and duration of the dive. It is NOT necessary to specify the ascent part of the dive
since the planner calculates this, based on the existing settings.
If any of the management limits (for nitrogen, oxygen or gas) are exceeded, the surface
above the dive profile changes from BLUE to RED.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Each waypoint on the dive profile creates a <em>Dive Planner Point</em> in the table on the
left of the dive planner panel. Ensure the <em>Used Gas</em> value in each row
of that table corresponds to one of the gas mixtures specified in the <em>Available Gases</em> table.
Add new waypoints until the main features of the dive have been completed, e.g. the
bottom time segment and deep stops (if these are implemented). In most cases <em>Subsurface</em>
computes additional way points in order to fulfill decompression requirements for that
dive. A waypoint can also be moved by selecting it and by using the arrow keys.
The waypoints listed in the <em>Dive Planner Points</em> dialogue can be edited by hand in
order to get a precise presentation of the dive plan. In fact, it is sometimes more easy to create the
whole dive profile by editing the <em>Dive Planner Points</em> dialog.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Show any changes in gas cylinder used by indicating gas changes as explained
in the section <a href="#S_CreateProfile">hand-creating a dive profile</a>. These changes should
reflect the cylinders and gas compositions defined in the table with <em>Available Gases</em>.
If two or more gases are used, automatic gas switches will be planned during the ascent to
the surface.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Cylinders used for the plan need to be entered in the table of <em>Available gases</em>. In the column
<em>Type</em> select the appropriate cylinder size by using the dropdown list that appears when
double-clicking a cell in this column. By default, a large number of sizes are listed,
and a new cylinder size can be created by typing this into the text box. The cylinder size, start pressure
and default switch depths are initialised automatically. Specify the gas composition
(e.g. helium and oxygen content). A non-zero value in the "CC setpoint" column of the table of dive planner points
indicates a valid setpoint for oxygen partial pressure and that the segment
is dived using a closed circuit rebreather (CCR). If the last manually entered
segment is a CCR segment, the decompression phase is computed assuming the diver
uses a CCR with the specified set-point. If the last segment (however
short) is on open circuit (OC, indicated by a zero set-point) the
decompression is computed in OC mode and the planner only considers gas
changes in OC mode.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Enter dive profile segments in the <em>Dive planner points</em> table by providing a time duration for
a segment as well as its final depth. If more than one cylinder is used during the dive, ensure that
the appropriate cylinder is selected for each segment of the dive plan by double-clicking the
cell and selecting the appropriate cylinder from the dropdown list in the <em>Used gas</em> column.
If required, insert a row in the <em>Dive planner points</em> table by adding a new line and then setting the
<em>Run time</em> value appropriately. In image A below, a segment (using an EAN50 cylinder) has been added and
you wish to use this gas during the very start of the dive (the other gas is not breathable at the surface).
Upon pressing Enter on the keyboard, that segment is moved to the top of that table and the plan is adjusted
automatically to take into account this new segment of the dive plan (image B below).</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/planner1.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Planning a dive: segments" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Below is an example of a dive plan to 55m using Tx20/30 and the Bühlmann algorithm,
followed by an ascent using EAN50 and using the settings as described above.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Planner_OC_deco.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Planning a dive: setup" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Once the above steps have been completed, save by clicking the <em>Save</em> button
towards the top middle of the planner. The saved dive plan will appear
in the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel of <em>Subsurface</em>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>The dive plan details</strong></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>On the bottom right panel of the dive planner, under <em>Dive Plan Details</em>, the details
of the dive plan are provided. These may be modified by checking any of the
options under the <em>Notes</em> section of the dive planner, immediately to the left
of the <em>Dive Plan Details</em>. If a <em>Verbatim dive plan</em>
is requested, a detailed sentence-level explanation of the dive plan is given. If any
of the management specifications have been exceeded during the planning, a warning
message is printed underneath the dive plan information.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If the option <em>Display segment duration</em> is checked, then the duration of each depth
level is indicated in the <em>Dive Plan Details</em>. This duration INCLUDES the transition
time to get to that level. However, if the <em>Display transition in deco</em> option is checked,
the transitions are shown separately from the segment durations at a particular level.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Dive plan variations</strong>: The planner has a check box <em>Display plan variations</em>. By checking this box, the planner
provides information about a dive that is a little deeper or slightly
longer than the planned dive. This is found near the top of the <em>Dive plan details</em>
where the dive duration is indicated. The information is intended to be used if it is necessary to
modify the ascent "on the fly" in the case of unexpected deviations from the dive plan during the dive.
For example, if it says "Runtime: 123min, Stop times + 2:49 /m + 1:30 /min" this means: if you dive deeper
than planned, you should add almost 3 minutes per meter you go deeper to your decompression (and
you can substract 3 minutes per meter that you stay shallower). If you overstay your bottom
time, you need to add one and a half minutes to the stops for each minutes you overstay
and similarly, you can shorten your deco time by one and a half minute for each minute
you stay shorter. These variations of depth and time are based on the last manually entered segment of the
dive (not necessarily the deepest). The additional minutes should be distributed
over the differnent stops in a way proportional to the stop length, i.e. add more of the
additional minutes to the longer, shallower stops. The given times refer to the
duration of the decompression phase and do not include the extended bottom time!
This way of altering dive plans becomes inaccurate for large deviations from the original
plan. So it should not be trusted for more than a few minutes or meters of
deviations from the planned bottom time. Checking this option creates a lot of additional computation,
to such a degree that the planner is slower than otherwise.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Minimum gas requirements</strong>: The planner also estimates the <em>minimum gas</em> pressure
required for safe ascent after an event that causes the dive to be aborted. The
calculation assumes that in worst case an out of gas (OoG)
situation occurs at the end of the planned bottom time at maximum depth, requiring
additional time at maximum depth to solve the problem and forcing
the buddy pair the share the gas of one diver. In addition the combined SAC of both
divers is increased by an estimated factor compared to the SAC of a single diver under normal conditions.
The result of the minimum gas calculation for the bottom gas is printed to the planner output. There
are two selector boxes on the left of the <em>Dive plan details</em>:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>SAC factor</em>. This is an estimate of the degree to which your SAC increases if a critical problem arises underwater,
e.g. gas sharing or entanglement. Realistic values range from 3 to 5, reflecting the gas use of two divers sharing
a single gas cylinder after an OoG situation.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Problem solving time</em>. This is an estimate of how long you would take to solve the problem before starting the ascent
to terminate the dive. The default value is 2 minutes.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Using the above information, the planner then estimates what the minimum bottom gas cylinder pressure needs to be for a
safe ascent. This information is given near the bottom of the <em>Dive plan details</em>, following the calculation of
bottom gas used during the dive if it exactly follows the plan. the minimum gas is typically given as:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>Minimum gas (based on 2.0xSAC/+1min@81m): 2130 l/90bar/Δ:+80bar</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This indicates:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Within parentheses, the <em>SAC factor</em> and <em>Problem solving time</em> specified.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The number of liters of back gas required for a safe ascent (2130 litres in the example above)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The number of bars of back gas required for a safe ascent (90 bars in the example above).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The delta-value: number of bars of back gas available at the end of the bottom section of the dive, <em>over and above</em> the minimum
gas requirement (80 bars in the above example). A positive delta reflects a safe plan; a negative delta indicates insufficient gas for a
safe ascent.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>No automatic checks are performed based on this result.
The feature only gives valid results for simple, rectangular shaped single
level dive profiles. For multi level dives one would need to check every leg of the profile independently.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Isobaric counterdiffusion information</strong>: For gas switches during the ascent in hypoxic open-circuit trimix dives information
about isobaric counterdiffusion (icd) is given near the bottom of the <em>Dive plan details</em>, based on the
rule-of-fifths (i.e. during a gas change, the increase in nitrogen partial pressure should not exceed
one fifth of the corresponding decrease in partial pressure of helium). For each gas change, two lines
are printed, indicating the changes in gas fractions (%) and the equivalent changes in partial pressures. If the
rule-of-fifths is not met, the relevant information is highlighted in red and a warning message appears
at the bottom of that table. The gas change events on the dive profile also provide information on icd,
visible at the bottom of the <em>Information box</em> when the mouse hovers on the respective gas change icon. This information
is only shown for gas changes relevant with respect to icd. If the rule-of-fifths is not met,
a red warning exclamation mark is shown over the gas change icon. When relevant, the <em>Information box</em> contains
information such as: ICD ΔHe:-13% ΔN₂+3%>2.6%. This means: for this gas change, the helium
decreased with 13% while the nitrogen increased with 3% which
is more than the 2.6% maximum increase in nitrogen suggested by the rule-of-fifths.</p></div>
<div class="sidebarblock">
<div class="content">
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/warning2.png" alt="Warning" />
</td>
<td class="content">The <strong>plan variations</strong> and <strong>minimum gas</strong> estimates are only guidelines for a diver performing
dive planning, intended to enhance the safety of executing a particular dive plan and do not
replace formal contingency planning for a specific dive. They are NOT precise and should
NOT be relied upon as the only safety features in dive planning. Interpret these estimates
within the framework of your formal training to perform dive planning.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
</div></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_planning_pscr_dives">14.3. Planning pSCR dives</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To plan a dive using a passive semi-closed rebreather (pSCR), select <em>pSCR</em> rather than
<em>Open circuit</em> in the dropdown list.
The parameters of the pSCR dive can be set by selecting <em>File → Preferences → Profile</em>
from the main menu, where the gas consumption calculation takes into account the pSCR dump
ratio (default 1:8) as well as the metabolic rate. Specify the bottom and deco SAC rates.
Here the SAC in the planner is the volume of gas per minute
that is exhaled into the loop on the surface, <strong>not</strong> the amount of gas that escapes into the water.
The calculation takes the oxygen drop
across the mouthpiece of the rebreather into account. If the
pO<sub>2</sub> drops below what is considered safe, a warning appears in the <em>Dive plan
details</em>. A typical pSCR cylinder setup is very similar to an open circuit dive;
one or more dive cylinders, possibly with different bottom and decompression
gases, including gas switches during the dive like in open circuit diving.
Therefore, the setup of the <em>Available gases</em> and the <em>Dive planner points</em> tables
are very similar to that of a open circuit dive plan, described above. However, no oxygen setpoints
are specified for pSCR dives. Below is a dive plan for a pSCR dive. The dive is comparable
to that of the CCR dive below, but note the longer ascent duration due to the lower oxygen
in the loop due to the oxygen drop across the mouthpiece of the pSCR equipment.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Planner_pSCR.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Planning a pSCR dive: setup" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_planning_for_pscr_bailout">14.3.1. Planning for pSCR bailout</h4>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/pscr_b1.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Open circuit diving is often part of a pSCR dive because, at shallow depths, the pO<sub>2</sub> in the loop is often
too low for breathing and the shallow parts of a pSCR dive are often done on OC. The change
from rebreather mode to OC or <em>vice versa</em> is indicated using bailout events. The image on the
left shows a pSCR dive plan (using three cylinders) where the shallow parts of the dive are performed using EAN50 in
order to have a sufficient pO<sub>2</sub>. The bottom part of the dive is perfomed with EAN31 (Cyl. 2 in the
<strong>Available gases</strong> table, also indicated in the <strong>Dive planner points</strong> table). The third cylinder,
also EAN31, is a bailout cylinder which is, initially, not used.
In this case the plan is for a cave dive with a bottom time of 20 minutes
and the turning point in the bottom part of the dive is at 16 minutes (i.e. ten minutes
into the bottom part of the dive). The orange pO<sub>2</sub> graph indicates the equivalent OC pO<sub>2</sub> during
the dive and the green pO<sub>2</sub> indicates the estimated pO<sub>2</sub> in the loop, the
whole dive being performed in rebreather mode. We wish to plan
for a worst-case scenario with bailout at the turning point (i.e. the furthest point into
the cave). In the <strong>Dive planner points</strong> table, change the <strong>Dive mode</strong> of the last two segments
to <strong>OC</strong> (indicated in the left-hand image, labled <strong>A</strong>, below). In this case the existing EAN31
cylinder (Cyl.2 in the <strong>Dive planner points</strong> table is used for bailout (i.e. the bailout
cylinder [Cyl. 3] has not been used yet). Note that the pO<sub>2</sub> graph now indicates the appropriate
pO<sub>2</sub> values, since the gas breathed now has the pO<sub>2</sub> of an OC configuration. In order to switch
to the bailout cylinder (Cyl. 3), indicate this by selecting the appropriate cylinder in the <strong>Dive planner points</strong> table as
indicated in the image on the right, below (labeled <strong>B</strong>). The icon on the depth profile
now shows an overlapping bailout event with cylinder change. As in the graph on the left, the appropriate
pO<sub>2</sub> values are shown in the pO<sub>2</sub> graphs. The volumes of gas required can be obtained at the bottom of the
<strong>Dive plan details</strong> panel.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/pscr_b2.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Planning a pSCR dive: setup" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In the case of a pSCR dive plan for open water, the worst-case scenario is probably bailout at the end of the deepest part of the dive.
Create a 1-minute segment at the end of the deepest part of the dive plan. This
last segment (represented by the bottom row of the <strong>Dive planner points</strong> table) is then manipulated using the <strong>Dive mode</strong> and <strong>Used gas</strong>
columns, as in the cave example, above. See the example of bailout for a CCR dive, below, that uses this approach.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_planning_ccr_dives">14.4. Planning CCR dives</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To plan a dive using a closed circuit rebreather, select the <em>CCR</em> option in the dropdown
list, circled in blue in the image below.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Available gases</strong>: In the <em>Available gases</em> table, enter the cylinder information for the
diluent cylinder and for any bail-out cylinders. Do NOT enter the information for the oxygen
cylinder since it is implied when the <em>CCR</em> dropdown selection is made.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Entering setpoints</strong>: Specify a default setpoint in the Preferences tab, by selecting <em>File → Preferences → Profile</em> from
the main menu. All user-entered segments in the <em>Dive planner points</em> table
use the default setpoint value. Then, different setpoints can be specified for dive segments
in the <em>Dive planner points</em> table. A zero setpoint
means the diver bails out to open circuit mode for that segment. Decompression is always calculated
using the setpoint of the last manually entered segment. So, to plan a bail out ascent for a
CCR dive, add a one-minute dive segment to the end with a setpoint value of 0. The decompression
algorithm does not switch deco-gases automatically while in CCR mode (i.e. when a positive setpoint is specified) but
this is calculated for bail out ascents.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The dive profile for a CCR dive may look something like the image below.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Planner_CCR.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Planning a CCR dive: setup" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Note that, in the <em>Dive plan details</em>, the gas consumption for a CCR segment is not calculated,
so gas consumptions of 0 liters are the norm.</p></div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_planning_for_ccr_bailout">14.4.1. Planning for CCR bailout</h4>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/CCR_b1.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">It is often necessary to plan for a worst-case bailout event in order to ensure sufficient bailout gas to reach the
surface, taking into account decompression. This is done by defining a 1-minute segment at the end of the bottom part
of the dive, as in the image on the left where a CCR dive to 40m for 21 minutes is planned.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/CCR_b2.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">In the dive planner points
table, change the <em>Dive mode</em> of this 1-minute segment to <em>OC</em>. This signifies bailout. In this case there is bailout to
the existing diluent cylinder (assuming this cylinder has sufficient gas). The appropriate pO<sub>2</sub> and cylinder pressure
graphs are shown in the dive profile, as in the image on the left. Note that the setpoint drops to zero after bailout, since
this value does not apply to breathed bailout gas.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/CCR_b3.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">In order to plan for bailout to an external bailout cylinder, change the <em>Used gas</em> for the 1-minute segment to the
appropriate cylinder, as in the example on the left. Note that the cylinder change as well as the bailout are indicated with
overlapping icons.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The volumes of gases required for bailout can be found at the bottom of the <strong>Dive plan details</strong> panel.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_Replan">14.5. Modifying an existing dive plan</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Normally, when a dive plan has been saved, it is accessible from the <strong>Dive List</strong>, like any
other dive log. Within the <strong>Dive List</strong> there is no way to change a saved dive plan.
To change a dive plan, select it on the <strong>Dive List</strong>. Then, in the main menu,
select <em>Log → Re-plan dive</em>. This will open the selected dive plan within the dive planner,
allowing changes to be made and saved as usual.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In addition, there is the option "Save new". This keeps the original
planned dive and adds a (possibly modified, - earlier dives are now taken into account -) copy to the dive list. If
that copy is saved with the same start time as the original, the two
dives are considered two versions of the same dive and do not
influence other each during decompression calculation (see next section).</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_planning_for_repetitive_dives">14.6. Planning for repetitive dives</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Repetitive dives can easily be planned if the dates and start times of the
repetitive dive set
are specified appropriately in the top left-hand <em>Start Time</em> field. <em>Subsurface</em>
calculates the gas loading figures and the affect of the first dive is
evaluated on later dives.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If you have just completed a long/deep dive and are planning
another dive, then highlight, in the <strong>Dive List</strong>, the dive that has just been logged
then activate the planner. Depending on the start time of the planned dive,
the planner takes into account the gas loading during the completed dive
and plans accordingly.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If only a few standard configurations are used (e.g. in GUE), then a template dive can
be created conforming to one of the configurations. If you want to plan a dive using
this configuration, highlight the template dive in the <strong>Dive List</strong> and activate the
planner: the planner takes into account the configuration in the highlighted dive.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_printing_the_dive_plan">14.7. Printing the dive plan</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Selecting the <em>Print</em> button in the planner allows printing of the <em>Dive Plan Details</em>
for wet notes. You can also cut and paste the <em>Dive Plan Details</em> to
include in a text file or word processing document.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>However, after the plan has been saved, it is
represented in a way very similar to a dive log and the gas calculations cannot be
accessed in the same way as during the planning process. The only way to print the
dive plan is to use the <em>File → Print</em> function on the main menu in the
same way as for dive logs or by copy and paste to a word processor.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_MergeDivePlan">14.8. Saving a dive with its dive plan</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In the section dealing with <a href="#S_MultipleDiveComputers">dives using more than one dive computer</a>
we discussed the way in which multiple profiles for a single dive can be viewed using the
left-arrow and right-arrow keyboard keys. A similar method can be used for saving a dive plan
with the profile of the actual dive, once this has been uploaded into <em>Subsurface</em>.
In order to do this:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Do the dive planning and save the final plan in the <em>Dive List</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
After diving, upload the dive data from the dive computer.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Change the date and time of the <em>dive plan</em> to coincide with that of the
real-life dive from the <em>dive computer</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
In the <em>Dive List</em>, highlight the dive plan as well as the data for the real dive
and merge the two dives, making use of the Dive List Context Menu
(available by right-clicking a dive).
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The text version of the dive plan is appended to the Notes in the <em>Notes Tab</em>. With this
merged dive highlighted in the <em>Dive List</em>, switch
between the planned profile and the real-life profile using the right-arrow/left-arrow keyboard keys.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_running_em_subsurface_em_from_the_command_line">15. Running <em>Subsurface</em> from the command-line</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Subsurface</em> can be launched from the command-line to set some specialised settings or as
part of an script-based automated process for manipulating a dive log. The format for launching <em>Subsurface</em> from the
command-line is:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>subsurface [options] [logfile ...] [--import logfile ...]</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The options include:</p></div>
<div class="tableblock">
<table rules="all"
width="100%"
frame="border"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4">
<col width="50%" />
<col width="50%" />
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table"><strong>Command-line option</strong></p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table"><strong>Description</strong></p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">--help</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Print a summary of the command-line options</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">-h</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Print a summary of the command-line options</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">--import logfile</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">A file name before this option is treated as an existing dive log, everything after is imported into the existing dive log</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">--verbose</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Print debug information while running <em>Subsurface</em></p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">-v</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Print debug information while running <em>Subsurface</em></p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">-v -v</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Print even more debug information while running <em>Subsurface</em></p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">--version</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Prints the current version of <em>Subsurface</em></p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">--survey</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Opens the <a href="#S_UserSurvey">user survey</a> immediately after starting <em>Subsurface</em></p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">--user=<username></p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Choose the <a href="#S_user_space">configuration space</a> of user <username></p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">--cloud-timeout=<duration></p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Set the timeout for cloud connection (0 < duration < 60). This enables longer timeouts for slow Internet connections</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_description_of_the_subsurface_main_menu_items">16. Description of the Subsurface Main Menu items</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>This section describes the functions and operation of the items in the Main Menu
of Subsurface. Several of the items below are links to sections of this manual
dealing with the appropriate operations.</p></div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_file">16.1. File</h3>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_NewLogbook"><em>New Logbook</em></a> - Close the currently open dive logbook and
clear all dive information.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Open logbook</em> - Open the file manager to select a dive
logbook to open.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Save</em> - Save the dive logbook currently open.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Save as</em> - Save the current logbook under a different file name.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Open cloud storage</em> - Open the dive log previously saved in <a href="#S_Cloud_storage"><em>Cloud storage</em></a>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Save to cloud storage</em> - Save the current dive log to <a href="#S_Cloud_storage"><em>Cloud storage</em></a>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Take cloud storage online</em> - <strong><strong></strong></strong><strong><strong></strong></strong><strong><strong></strong></strong><strong><strong></strong></strong><strong><strong></strong></strong><strong><strong></strong></strong><strong><strong></strong></strong><strong><strong></strong></strong><strong><strong></strong></strong>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Close</em> - Close the dive logbook currently open.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_ExportLog"><em>Export</em></a> - Export the currently open dive logbook (or
the selected dives in the logbook) to one of several formats.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_PrintDivelog"><em>Print</em></a> - Print the currently open logbook.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_Preferences"><em>Preferences</em></a> - Set the <em>Subsurface</em> preferences.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_FindMovedImages"><em>Find moved images</em></a> - If photos taken during dives have been moved to
a different disk or directory, locate them and link them to the appropriate dives.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_Configure"><em>Configure dive computer</em></a> - Edit the configuration of a dive computer.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Quit</em> - Quit <em>Subsurface</em>.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_edit">16.2. Edit</h3>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
The Edit option allows one to undo or redo an action, e.g. deleting dives.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_import">16.3. Import</h3>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_ImportDiveComputer"><em>Import from dive computer</em></a> - Import dive information
from a dive computer.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#Unified_import"><em>Import Log Files</em></a> - Import dive information from a file in
in a <em>Subsurface</em>-compatible format.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_Companion"><em>Import GPS data from Subsurface web service</em></a> - Load GPS
coordinates from the <em>Subsurface</em> mobile phone app.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_ImportingDivelogsDe"><em>Import from Divelogs.de</em></a> - Import dive information
from <em>www.Divelogs.de</em>.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_log">16.4. Log</h3>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_EnterData"><em>Add Dive</em></a> - Manually add a new dive to the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Edit dive</em> - Edit a dive where the profile was entered by hand and not from a dive computer.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_DivePlanner"><em>Plan Dive</em></a> - Plan dives.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_Replan"><em>Edit dive in planner</em></a> - Edit a dive plan that has been saved into the <strong>Dive List</strong>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_CopyComponents"><em>Copy dive components</em></a> - Copy information
from several fields of a dive log onto the clipboard.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Paste dive components</em> - Paste, into the selected dives in the <strong>Dive List</strong>,
the information copied using the <em>Copy dive components</em> option.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_Renumber"><em>Renumber</em></a> - Renumber the dives listed in the <strong>Dive List</strong>
panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_Group"><em>Auto Group</em></a> - Group the dives in the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel into dive
trips.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_DeviceNames"><em>Edit Device Names</em></a> - Edit the names of dive computers to coordinate your logs.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_Filter"><em>Filter divelist</em></a> - Select only some dives, based on specific tags or dive criteria.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_view">16.5. View</h3>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_ViewPanels"><em>All</em></a> - View the four main <em>Subsurface</em> panels
all at once.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_ViewPanels"><em>Dive List</em></a> - View only the <strong>Dive List</strong> panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_ViewPanels"><em>Profile</em></a> - View only the <strong>Dive Profile</strong> panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_ViewPanels"><em>Info</em></a> - View only the <strong>Notes</strong> panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_ViewPanels"><em>Globe</em></a> - View only the <strong>World Map</strong> panel.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Yearly Statistics</em> - Display summary statistics about dives during this and past
years.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Prev DC</em> - Switch to data from previous dive computer, if a single dive was logged from more than one.
See the sections on <a href="#S_MultipleDiveComputers">using multiple dive computers for the same dive</a> and <a href="#S_MergeDivePlan">Saving an uploaded dive with its dive plan</a>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Next DC</em> - Switch to next dive computer.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Full Screen</em> - Toggles Full Screen mode.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_share_on">16.6. Share on</h3>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_Facebook"><em>Facebook</em></a> - Share the currently selected dive on your Facebook timeline.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_help">16.7. Help</h3>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>About Subsurface</em> - Show a panel with the version number of <em>Subsurface</em> as
well as licensing information.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Check for updates</em> - Find out whether a newer version of Subsurface is available
on the <a href="https://subsurface-divelog.org/"><em>Subsurface</em> web site</a>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="#S_UserSurvey"><em>User survey</em></a> - Help to make <em>Subsurface</em> even better by taking part in our user survey
or by completing another survey if your diving habits have changed.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>User manual</em> - Open a window showing this user manual.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_appendix_a_operating_system_specific_information_for_importing_dive_information_from_a_dive_computer">17. APPENDIX A: Operating system specific information for importing dive information from a dive computer.</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_make_sure_that_the_os_has_the_required_drivers_installed">17.1. Make sure that the OS has the required drivers installed</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/drivers.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">The operating system of the desktop computer needs the appropriate drivers in
order to communicate with the dive computer, the way the dive
computer prefers (e.g. Bluetooth, USB, infra-red).</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
On Linux users need to have the correct kernel
module loaded. Most distributions will do this automatically, so the
user does not need to load kernel modules. However, some communication
protocols require an additional driver, especially for rarely used
technology such as infra-red.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
On Windows, the OS should offer to download the correct
driver once the user connects the dive computer to the USB port and
operating system sees the equipment for the first time.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
On a Mac users sometimes have to manually hunt for the correct
driver. For example the correct driver for the Mares Puck
devices or any other dive computer using a USB-to-serial interface
based on the Silicon Labs CP2101 or similar chip can be found as
<em>Mac_OSX_VCP_Driver.zip</em> at the
<a href="https://www.silabs.com/support/pages/document-library.aspx?p=Interface&f=USB%20Bridges&pn=CP2101">Silicon Labs document and software repository</a>.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_HowFindDeviceName">17.2. How to Find the Device Name for USB devices and set its write permission</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/usb.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">When connecting a dive computer by using a USB connector, usually
<em>Subsurface</em> will either propose a drop down list with the
correct device name (or mount point for the Uemis Zurich), or it will
disable the device select drop down if no device name is needed at
all. In the rare cases where this doesn’t work, here are some
ways to find out what the device name is:</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><div class="title">On Windows:</div><p>Simply try COM1, COM2, etc. The drop down list should contain all connected COM
devices.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><div class="title">On MacOS:</div><p>The drop down box should find all connected dive computers.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><div class="title">On Linux:</div><p>There is a definitive way to find the port:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Disconnect the USB cable from the dive computer
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Open a terminal
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Type the command: <em>dmesg</em> and press enter
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Plug in the USB cable of the dive computer
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Type the command: <em>dmesg</em> and press enter
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>A message similar to this one should appear:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>usb 2-1.1: new full speed USB device number 14 using ehci_hcd
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial
USB Serial support registered for generic
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial_generic
usbserial: USB Serial Driver core
USB Serial support registered for FTDI USB Serial Device
ftdi_sio 2-1.1:1.0: FTDI USB Serial Device converter detected
usb 2-1.1: Detected FT232BM
usb 2-1.1: Number of endpoints 2
usb 2-1.1: Endpoint 1 MaxPacketSize 64
usb 2-1.1: Endpoint 2 MaxPacketSize 64
usb 2-1.1: Setting MaxPacketSize 64
usb 2-1.1: FTDI USB Serial Device converter now attached to ttyUSB3
usbcore: registered new interface driver ftdi_sio
ftdi_sio: v1.6.0:USB FTDI Serial Converters Driver</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The third line from the bottom shows that the FTDI USB adapter is
detected and connected to <code>ttyUSB3</code>. This information can now be used in
the import settings as <code>/dev/ttyUSB3</code> which directs Subsurface to the correct
USB port.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Ensuring the user has write permission to the USB serial port:</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>On Unix-like operating systems the USB ports can only be accessed by users who
are members special group that can be e.g.
<code>dialout</code> or <code>uucp</code>. This can be verified by listing the appropriate
device permissions e.g. by <code>ls -l /dev/ttyUSB0</code>. Note that the number in
the file name depends on how many USB devices you have connected, and
must be adjusted appropriately.
If you are not root, you may not be a member of
that group and
won’t be able to use the USB port. Let us assume your username is <em>johnB</em>.</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
As root, type: <code>usermod -a -G dialout johnB</code> (Ubuntu users: <code>sudo usermod
-a -G dialout johnB</code>)
This makes johnB a member of the <code>dialout</code> group.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Type: <code>id johnB</code> This lists all the groups that johnB belongs to and
verifies that
the appropriate group membership has been created. The <code>dialout</code> group should
be listed
among the different IDs.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Under some circumstances this change takes only effect (eg. on Ubuntu) after
you log out and then log in again.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>With the appropriate device name (e.g. <code>dev/ttyUSB3</code>) and with write permission
to the USB
port, the dive computer interface can connect and you should be able to import
dives.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_HowFindBluetoothDeviceName">17.3. Manually setting up Bluetooth enabled devices</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/bluetooth.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">For dive computers communicating through Bluetooth like the Heinrichs
Weikamp Frog or the Shearwater Predator, Petrel and Nerd there is a
different procedure to get the device’s name to communicate with
<em>Subsurface</em>. Follow these steps:</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<strong>For the dive computer, after enabling Bluetooth, be sure it is in Upload mode.</strong>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For Bluetooth pairing of the dive computer, refer to the
manufacturer’s user guide. When using a Shearwater Predator/Petrel/Nerd, select
<em>Dive Log → Upload Log</em> and wait for the <em>Wait PC</em> message.</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Pair the <em>Subsurface</em> computer with the dive computer.</strong>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_on_windows_2">17.3.1. On Windows:</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Bluetooth is most likely already enabled. For pairing with the dive computer choose
<em>Control Panel → Bluetooth Devices → Add Wireless Device</em>.
This should bring up a dialog showing your dive computer (which should be in Bluetooth mode) and
allowing pairing. Right click on it and choose <em>Properties→ COM
Ports</em> to identify the port used for your dive computer. If there are several
ports listed, use the one saying "Outgoing" instead of "Incoming".</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For downloading to <em>Subsurface</em>, the <em>Subsurface</em> drop-down list should contain
this COM port already. If not, enter it manually.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Note: If there are issues afterwards when downloading from the dive computer using
other software, remove the existing pairing with the dive computer.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_on_macos">17.3.2. On MacOS:</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Click on the Bluetooth symbol in the menu bar and select <em>Set up
Bluetooth Device…</em>. The dive computer should then show up in the list of devices. Select it and go
through the pairing process. This step should only be needed once for
initial setup.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Once the pairing is complete, the correct device is shown in the
<em>Device or Mount Point</em> drop-down in the <em>Subsurface</em> <strong>Import</strong> dialog.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_on_linux">17.3.3. On Linux</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Be sure Bluetooth is enabled on the <em>Subsurface</em> computer.
On most common distributions this should be true out of the box and
pairing should be straightforward. For instance, Gnome3 shows a
Bluetooth icon on the right of the toolbar at the top of the screen.
Users have reported difficulties with some Bluetooth controllers. If you have an onboard controller,
try that first. It is simplest if you remove any USB Bluetooth dongles. If you have a USB dongle that
came with your dive computer, try that before any others.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Setting up a connection to download dives from your Bluetooth-enabled device, such as the
<em>Shearwater Petrel</em>, is not yet an automated process and will generally require the command prompt.
It is essentially a three step process.</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Enable the Bluetooth controller and pair your dive computer
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Establish an RFCOMM connection
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Download the dives with Subsurface
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Ensure the dive computer is in upload mode. On the <em>Shearwater Petrel</em>, <em>Petrel 2</em> and <em>Nerd</em>
cycle through the menu, select <em>Dive Log</em>, then <em>Upload Log</em>. The display will read <em>Initializing</em>, then
<em>Wait PC 3:00</em> and will countdown. Once the connection is established, the display reads <em>Wait CMD …</em>
and the countdown continues. When downloading the dive from Subsurface, the display reads <em>Sending</em> then
<em>Sent Dive</em>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To establish the connection, establish root access through <code>sudo</code> or <code>su</code>.
The correct permission is required to download the dives in the computer. On most Linux systems this means becoming
a member of the dialout group (This is identical as for many dive computers using a Linux USB port, described
in the previous section). On the command terminal, enter:</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>sudo usermod -a -G dialout username</code></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Then log out and log in for the change to take effect.</p></div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_enabling_the_bluetooth_controller_and_pairing_your_dive_computer">Enabling the Bluetooth controller and pairing your dive computer</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Attempt to set up the Bluetooth controller and pair your dive computer using the graphical
environment of the operating system. After setting the dive computer to upload mode, click the Bluetooth icon in the system tray
and select <em>Add new device</em>. The dive computer should appear. If asked for a password, enter 0000.
Write down or copy the MAC address of your dive computer - this needed later and should be in the form 00:11:22:33:44:55.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If the graphical method doesn’t work, pair the device from the command line. Open a terminal
and use <code>hciconfig</code> to check the Bluetooth controller status.</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>$ hciconfig
hci0: Type: BR/EDR Bus: USB
BD Address: 01:23:45:67:89:AB ACL MTU: 310:10 SCO MTU: 64:8
*DOWN*
RX bytes:504 acl:0 sco:0 events:22 errors:0
TX bytes:92 acl:0 sco:0 commands:21 errors:0</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This indicates a Bluetooth controller with MAC address 01:23:45:67:89:AB, connected as hci0.
Its status is <em>DOWN</em>, i.e. not powered. Additional controllers will appear as hci1, etc.
If there is not a Bluetooth dongle plugged in upon booting the computer, hci0 is probably the onboard.
Now power on the controller and enable authentication:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>sudo hciconfig hci0 up auth+ (enter password when prompted)
hciconfig
hci0: Type: BR/EDR Bus: USB
BD Address: 01:23:45:67:89:AB ACL MTU: 310:10 SCO MTU: 64:8
*UP RUNNING PSCAN AUTH*
RX bytes:1026 acl:0 sco:0 events:47 errors:0
TX bytes:449 acl:0 sco:0 commands:46 errors:0</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Check that the status now includes <em><code>UP</code></em>, <em><code>RUNNING</code></em> AND <em><code>AUTH</code></em>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If there are multiple controllers running, it’s easiest to turn off the unused controller(s). For example, for <code>hci1</code>:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>sudo hciconfig hci1 down</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Next step is to <em>trust</em> and <em>pair</em> the dive computer. On distros with Bluez 5, such as Fedora 22,
you can use a tool called <code>blutootctl</code>, which will bring up its own command prompt.</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>bluetoothctl
[NEW] Controller 01:23:45:67:89:AB localhost.localdomain [default]
[bluetooth]# agent on
Agent registered
[bluetooth]# default-agent
Default agent request successful
[bluetooth]# scan on <----now set your dive computer to upload mode
Discovery started
[CHG] Controller 01:23:45:67:89:AB Discovering: yes
[NEW] Device 00:11:22:33:44:55 Petrel
[bluetooth]# trust 00:11:22:33:44:55 <----you can use the tab key to autocomplete the MAC address
[CHG] Device 00:11:22:33:44:55 Trusted: yes
Changing 00:11:22:33:44:55 trust succeeded
[bluetooth]# pair 00:11:22:33:44:55
Attempting to pair with 00:11:22:33:44:55
[CHG] Device 00:11:22:33:44:55 Connected: yes
[CHG] Device 00:11:22:33:44:55 UUIDs: 00001101-0000-1000-8000-0089abc12345
[CHG] Device 00:11:22:33:44:55 Paired: yes
Pairing successful
[CHG] Device 00:11:22:33:44:55 Connected: no</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If asked for a password, enter 0000. It’s ok if the last line says <em>Connected: no</em>. The important part
is the line above, <code>Pairing successful</code>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If the system has Bluez version 4 (e.g. Ubuntu 12.04 through to 15.04), there is probably not a
<code>bluetoothctl</code>, but a script called <code>bluez-simple-agent</code> or just <code>simple-agent</code>.</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>hcitool -i hci0 scanning
Scanning ...
00:11:22:33:44:55 Petrel
bluez-simple-agent hci0 00:11:22:33:44:55</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Once the dive computer is paired, set up the RFCOMM connection.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_establishing_the_rfcomm_connection">Establishing the RFCOMM connection</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The command to establish an RFCOMM connection is:</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>sudo rfcomm -i <controller> connect <dev> <bdaddr> [channel]</code></p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<code><controller></code> is the Bluetooth controller, <code>hci0</code>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<code><dev></code> is the RFCOMM device file, <code>rfcomm0</code>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<code><bdaddr></code> is the dive computer’s MAC address, <code>00:11:22:33:44:55</code>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<code>[channel]</code> is the dive computer’s Bluetooth channel we need to connect to.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If you omit it, channel 1 is assumed. Based on a limited number of user reports,
the appropriate channel for the dive computer is probably:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em>Shearwater Petrel 1</em>: channel 1
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Shearwater Petrel 2</em>: channel 5
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Shearwater Nerd</em>: channel 5
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<em>Heinrichs-Weikamp OSTC Sport</em>: channel 1
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>E.g. to connect a <em>Shearwater Petrel 2</em>, set the dive computer to upload mode and enter:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>sudo rfcomm -i hci0 connect rfcomm0 00:11:22:33:44:55 5 (enter a password, probably 0000, when prompted)</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This gives the response:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>Connected /dev/rfcomm0 to 00:11:22:33:44:55 on channel 5
Press CTRL-C for hangup</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To connect a _Shearwater Petrel 1+ or + HW OSTC Sport+, set the dive computer to upload mode and enter:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>sudo rfcomm -i hci0 connect rfcomm0 00:11:22:33:44:55 (enter a password, probably 0000, when prompted)
Connected /dev/rfcomm0 to 00:11:22:33:44:55 on channel 1
Press CTRL-C for hangup</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If the specific channel the dive computer needs is not known, or the channel in the list above doesn’t
work, the command <code>sdptool records</code> should help determine the appropriate channel. The output
below is for a <em>Shearwater Petrel 2</em>.</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>sdptool -i hci0 records 00:11:22:33:44:55
Service Name: Serial Port
Service RecHandle: 0x10000
Service Class ID List:
"Serial Port" (0x1101)
Protocol Descriptor List:
"L2CAP" (0x0100)
"RFCOMM" (0x0003)
Channel: 5</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For a Bluetooth dive computer not in the list above, or if the channel listed is not correct, please
let the Subsurface developers know on the user forum or the developer mailing list <em>subsurface@subsurface-divelog.org</em>.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect4">
<h5 id="_download_the_dives_with_subsurface">Download the dives with Subsurface</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After establishing the RFCOMM connection and while the dive computer’s upload mode countdown is still running, go to_Subsurface_, select <em>Import→Import from dive computer</em> and enter appropriate Vendor (e.g. <em>Shearwater</em>), Dive Computer (<em>Petrel</em>), Device or Mount Point (<em>/dev/rfcomm0</em>) and click <em>Download</em>.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_appendix_b_dive_computer_specific_information_for_importing_dive_information">18. APPENDIX B: Dive Computer specific information for importing dive data.</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_ImportUemis">18.1. Importing from Uemis Zurich</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/iumis.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content"><em>Subsurface</em> downloads the information
stored on the SDA (the built-in file system of the Uemis) including
information about dive spots and
equipment. Buddy information is not yet downloadable.
Things are very similar to a normal USB-connected dive computer
(the Uemis is one of those that recharge when connected to the USB port).
The main difference is that you don’t enter a
device name, but instead the location where the UEMISSDA file system is
mounted once connected to the dive computer. On Windows this is a drive letter (
often <em>E:</em> or <em>F:</em>), on a Mac this is
<em>/Volumes/UEMISSDA</em> and on Linux systems this differs depending on the
distribution. On Fedora it usually is
<em>/var/run/media/<your_username>/UEMISSDA</em>. In all cases <em>Subsurface</em>
should suggest the correct location in the drop down list.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After selecting the above device name, download the
dives from the Uemis Zurich. One technical issue with the Uemis Zurich
download implementation (this is a Uemis firmware limitation, not a
<em>Subsurface</em> issue) is that you cannot download more than about 40-50
dives without running out of memory on the SDA. This will usually only
happen the very first time you download dives from the Uemis Zurich.
Normally when downloading at the end of a day or even after a dive
trip, the capacity is sufficient. If <em>Subsurface</em> displays an error
that the dive computer ran out of space, the solution is straightforward.
Disconnect the SDA, turn it off and on again, and reconnect
it. You can now retry (or start a new download session) and the
download will continue where it stopped previously. You
may have to do this more than once, depending on how many dives are
stored on the dive computer.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_ImportingGalileo">18.2. Importing from Uwatec Galileo</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/Galileo.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">The Uwatec Galileo dive computers use infra red (IrDA) communication
between the dive computer and Subsurface. The Uwatec hardware uses
a USB dongle based on the serial infra-red (SIR) protocol and the
MSC7780 IrDA controller manufactured by MosChip
and marketed by Scubapro and some electronics companies.
Under Linux, the kernel
already provides for communication using the IrDA protocol. However,
the user additionally needs to load a driver for the IrDA interface
with the dive computer. The easiest way is to load the <strong>irda-tools</strong>
package from the <a href="http://irda.sourceforge.net/docs/startirda.html">Linux IrDA Project</a>.
After the installation of the irda-tools, the <strong>root user</strong> can specify a device name
from the console as follows:
<code>irattach irda0</code></td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After executing this command, Subsurface will recognize the Galileo
dive computer and download dive information.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Under Windows, a similar situation exists. Drivers for the MCS7780 are
available from some Internet web sites e.g.
<a href="http://www.drivers-download.com/Drv/MosChip/MCS7780/">www.drivers-download.com</a>. Windows-based IrDA
drivers for the Uwatec can also be downloaded from the ScubaPro web site, with drivers located on
the download page for the ScubaPro SmartTrak software.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For the Apple Mac, IrDA communication via the MCS7780 link is not
available for OSX 10.6 or higher.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_ImportingDR5">18.3. Importing from Heinrichs Weikamp DR5</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/HW_DR5.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">When mounted as a USB drive the Heinrichs Weikamp DR5 saves a single UDDF file
for every dive.
Mark all the dives you’d like to import or open.
Note: The DR5 does not seem to store gradient factors nor deco information, so
for <em>Subsurface</em> it is not possible to display them. Adjust the gradient
factors in the <em>Profile Settings</em> in <em>Subsurface</em> to generate a deco overlay in the
<em>Subsurface</em> <strong>Dive Profile</strong> panel but please note that the deco calculated by
<em>Subsurface</em> will most likely differ from the one displayed on the DR5.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_ImportingXDeep">18.4. Importing from xDEEP BLACK</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/HW_xdeepblack.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Each dive has to be individually saved as UDDF file using "Export UDDF" option in BLACK’s logbook menu.
When mounted as a USB drive UDDF files are available in LOGBOOK directory.
Note: The xDEEP BLACK saves NDL time but does not seem to store gradient factors nor deco information, so
for <em>Subsurface</em> it is not possible to display them. Adjust the gradient
factors in the <em>Profile Settings</em> in <em>Subsurface</em> to generate a deco overlay in the
<em>Subsurface</em> <strong>Dive Profile</strong> panel but please note that the deco calculated by
<em>Subsurface</em> will most likely differ from the one displayed on the xDEEP BLACK.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_importing_from_shearwater_predator_petrel_nerd_using_bluetooth">18.5. Importing from Shearwater Predator/Petrel/Nerd using Bluetooth</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/predator.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Specific instructions for downloading dives using Bluetooth are given in the section above, <a href="#S_Bluetooth"><em>Connecting Subsurface to a Bluetooth-enabled dive computer</em></a>.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_PoseidonMkVI">18.6. Importing from Poseidon MkVI Discovery</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/MkVI.jpeg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Download of dive logs from the MkVI is performed using a custom communications
adapter and the <em>Poseidon PC Configuration Software</em>, obtained when purchasing
the MKVI equipment. The latter is a Windows application allowing configuration
of equipment and storage of dive logs. Communication between dive computer and
desktop computer utilizes the IrDA infra-red protocol. Only data for one dive
can be downloaded at a time, in three files:</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Setup configuration for the dive and key dive parameters (file with a .txt
extension)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Dive log details (file with a .csv extension)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Redbook format dive log (file with .cvsr extension). This is a compressed
version of the dive log using a proprietary format.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Subsurface</em> accesses the .txt and the .csv files to get dive log information.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_importing_from_apd_inspiration_evolution_ccr">18.7. Importing from APD Inspiration/Evolution CCR</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/APDComputer.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">The dive logs of an APD Inspiration or similar CCR dive computer are downloaded using
a communications adapter and <em>AP Communicator</em>, obtained when
purchasing the equipment. The dive logs can be viewed using the <em>AP Log Viewer</em>,
within Windows or Mac/OS. However, APD logs can be viewed and managed from within
<em>Subsurface</em> (together with dives using many other types of dive computer). The
APD inspiration dive logs are imported into <em>Subsurface</em> as follows:</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Download the dive using <em>AP Communicator</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Open a dive within the <em>AP Log Viewer</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Select the tab at the top of the screen, entitled "<em>Data</em>".
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
With the raw dive log data show on the screen, click on "<em>Copy to Clipboard</em>".
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Open a text editor, e.g. Notepad (Windows) or TextWrangler (Mac).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Copy the contents of the clipboard into the text editor and save the text file
with a filename extension of <em>.apd</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Within <em>Subsurface</em>, select <em>Import → Import log files</em> to open the <a href="#Unified_import">universal import dialogue</a>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
In the dropdown list towards the bottom right of the dialogue (labeled <em>Filter:</em>), select "APD log viewer".
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
On the list of file names select the <em>.apd</em> file created. An import
dialogue opens showing the default settings for the data in the
<em>.apd</em> file. If changes are required,
do this as for <a href="#S_ImportingCSVDives">CSV imports</a>.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/APD_CSVimportF22.jpg" alt="Figure: APD log viewer import" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
The top left hand dropdown box in the import panel lets you select the APD dive computer
for which the dive log needs to be imported. The default it is DC1, <em>i.e.</em> the
first of the two dive computers the APD uses. It is possible to sequentially
import the data for both dive computers by first importing CD1 and then DC2.(<strong>Hint</strong>: The logs
for the two dive computers are viewed by selecting <em>View → Next DC</em> from
the Main Menu after the uploading has been completed)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Click the <em>Ok</em> button at the bottom of the import panel.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The APD dive log will appear within <em>Subsurface</em>. The dive computer- generated ceiling
provided by the Inspiration can be viewed by selecting the appropriate
button on the left of the <strong>Dive Profile</strong>. Cylinder pressure data are not logged
by the APD equipment but can be manually entered in the <em>Equipment</em> Tab.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_appendix_c_exporting_dive_log_information_from_external_dive_log_software">19. APPENDIX C: Exporting Dive log information from external dive log software.</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>The import of dive log data from external dive log software is mostly performed
using
the dialogue found by selecting <em>Import</em> from the Main Menu, then clicking on
<em>Import Log Files</em>. This is a single-step process, more information about which
can be found
<a href="#Unified_import">here.</a>
However, in some cases, a two-step process may be required:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
Export the foreign dive log data to format that is accessible from
<em>Subsurface</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Import the accessible dive log data into <em>Subsurface</em>.
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This appendix provides some information about approaches to export dive log
data from foreign
dive log software. The procedures below mostly apply to Linux and/or Windows.</p></div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_ImportingDivesSuunto">19.1. Exporting from <strong>Suunto Divemanager (DM3, DM4 or DM5)</strong></h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/suuntologo.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">DiveManager is a Windows application for Suunto dive computers.
Divemanager 3 (DM3) is an older version of the Suunto software. More recent
Suunto dive computers use Divemanager version 4 or 5 (DM4 or DM5). The
different versions of Divemanager use different methods and different file naming
conventions to export dive log data.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Divemanager 3 (DM3):</strong></p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
Start <em>Suunto Divemanager 3</em> and log in with the name containing the logs
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Do not start the import wizard to import dives from the dive computer.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
In the navigation tree on the left side of the program-window, select the appropriate
dives.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Within the list of dives, select the dives you would like to import later:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
To select certain dives: hold <em>ctrl</em> and click the dive
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
To select all dives: Select the first dive, hold down shift and
select the last dive
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
With the dives marked, use the program menu <em>File → Export</em>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The export pop-up will show. Within this pop-up, there is one field called <em>Export Path</em>.
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Click the browse button next to the field Export Path
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
A file-manager like window pops up
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Navigate to the directory for storing the
Divelog.SDE file
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Optionally change the name of the file for saving
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Click <em>Save</em>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Back in the Export pop-up, press the button <em>Export</em>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The dives are now exported to the file Divelog.SDE.
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>Divemanager 4 (DM4) and Divemanager 5 (DM5):</strong></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>DM4 and DM5 use identical mechanisms for exporting dive logs.
To export a divelog from Divemanager you need to locate the DM4/DM5 database
where the dives are stored. You can either look for the original
database or make a backup of the dives. Both methods are described here.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Locating the Suunto DM4 (or DM5) database:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
Start Suunto DM4/DM5
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Select <em>Help → About</em>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Click <em>Copy</em> after text <em>Copy log folder path to clipboard</em>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Open Windows Explorer
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Paste the address to the path box at the top of the File Explorer
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The database is called DM4.db or DM5.db
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Making a backup copy of the Suunto DM4/DM5 database:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
Start Suunto DM4/DM5
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Select <em>File - Create backup</em>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
From the file menu select the location and name for the backup, we’ll
use DM4 (or DM5) in here with the default extension .bak
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Click <em>Save</em>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The dives are now exported to the file DM4.bak (or DM5.bak)
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_exporting_from_atomic_logbook">19.2. Exporting from Atomic Logbook</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock" id="Atomic_Export">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/atomiclogo.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Atomic Logbook is Windows software by Atomic Aquatics. It allows
downloading of dive information from Cobalt and Cobalt 2 dive computers.
The divelog is kept in a SQLite database at
C:\ProgramData\AtomicsAquatics\Cobalt-Logbook\Cobalt.db. This file can
be directly imported to Subsurface.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_exporting_from_mares_dive_organiser_v2_1">19.3. Exporting from Mares Dive Organiser V2.1</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock" id="Mares_Export">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/mareslogo.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">Mares Dive Organizer is a Windows application. The dive log is kept as a
Microsoft SQL Compact Edition database with a <em>.sdf</em> filename extension. The
database includes all Dive Organizer-registered divers on the particular
computer and all Mares dive computers used. The safest way to get a copy
of the dive database is to export the information to another compatible format
which can then be imported into <em>Subsurface</em>.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
Within Dive Organizer, select
<em>Database → Backup</em> from the main menu and back up the database to the desk
top.
This creates a zipped file DiveOrganizerxxxxx.dbf.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Rename the file to
DiveOrganizerxxxxx.zip. Inside the zipped directory is a file
<em>DiveOrganizer.sdf</em>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Extract the <em>.sdf</em> file from the zipped folder to your Desktop.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The password for accessing the .zip file is <em>mares</em>.
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_ImportingDivingLog">19.4. Exporting from <strong>DivingLog 5.0 and 6.0</strong></h3>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="images/icons/divingloglogo.jpg" alt="Note" />
</td>
<td class="content">The best way to bring your logs from DivingLog to Subsurface is to
convert the whole database. This is because other export formats do not
include all the details, and would lack, for example, gas switches and
information of what units are used. With database import, all this
information is included and readily available.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To transfer all files from DivingLog to Subsurface:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
In DivingLog open the <em>File → Export → SQLite</em> menu
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Select <em>Settings</em> button
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Set the <em>RTF2Plaintext</em> to <em>true</em>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Close the Settings dialog
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Click <em>Export</em> button and select the filename
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Once this is done, open the saved database file with Subsurface and the
dives are automatically converted to Subsurface’s own format. Last step to do is
save the log file in Subsurface.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_appendix_d_exporting_a_spreadsheet_to_csv_format">20. APPENDIX D: Exporting a spreadsheet to CSV format</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph" id="S_Appendix_D"><p>Many divers keep a dive log in some form of digital file, commonly a spreadsheet
with various fields of information. These logs can be easily imported into <em>Subsurface</em> after the
spreadsheet is converted in a .CSV file.
This section explains the procedure to convert a diving logbook stored in a spreadsheet
to a .CSV file that will later be imported to <em>Subsurface</em>.
Creating a .CSV is straightforward, although the procedure is somewhat different
according to which spreadsheet program is used.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Organize the diving data in the spreadsheet, so the first row
contains the names (or titles) of each column and the information for each dive is stored in a single row.
<em>Subsurface</em> supports many data items (Dive number, Date,
Time, Duration, Location, GPS, Max. Depth, Mean Depth, Buddy, Notes, Weight and Tags).
Organize dive data following a few simple rules:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
Date: use one of the following formats: yyyy-mm-dd, dd.mm.yyyy, mm/dd/yyyy
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Duration: the format should be minutes:seconds.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Unit system: only one unit system should be used (no mix of imperial and metric units)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Tags and buddies: values should be separated using a comma.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
GPS position: use decimal degrees, e.g. 30.22496 30.821798
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_em_libreoffice_calc_em_and_em_openoffice_calc_em">20.1. <em>LibreOffice Calc</em> and <em>OpenOffice Calc</em></h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>These are open source spreadsheet applications forming parts of larger open source office suite applications. The user interaction with <em>LibreOffice</em> and <em>OpenOffice</em> is very similar.
In Libreoffice Calc the time format should be set to minutes:seconds - [mm]:ss and dates should be set to one of: yyyy-mm-dd, dd.mm.yyyy, mm/dd/yyyy. A typical dive log may look like this:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/LOffice_spreadsheetdata.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Spreadsheet data" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To export the data as a .CSV file from within LibreOffice click <em>File → Save As</em>. On the dialogue that comes up, select the <em>Text CSV (.csv)</em> as the file type and select the option <em>Edit filter settings</em>.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/LOffice_save_as_options.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Save as options" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After selecting <em>Save</em>, select the appropriate field delimiter (choose <em>Tab</em> to prevent conflicts with the comma when using this as a decimal point), then select <em>OK</em>.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/LOffice_field_options.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Field options" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Double check the .CSV file by opening it with a text editor, and then import the dive data as explained on the section <a href="#S_ImportingCSVDives">Importing CSV dives</a>.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_microsoft_em_excel_em">20.2. Microsoft <em>Excel</em></h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The field delimiter (called "<em>list separator</em>" in Microsoft manuals) is not accessible
from within <em>Excel</em> and needs to be set through the <em>Microsoft Control Panel</em>. After changing the
separator character, all software on the Windows machine uses the new character as a separator.
You can change the character back to the default character by following the same procedure, outlined below.</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
In Microsoft Windows, click the <strong>Start</strong> button, then select <em>Control Panel</em> from the list on the right-hand side.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Open the <em>Regional and Language Options</em> dialog box.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Do the following:
</p>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
In Windows 7, click the <em>Formats</em> tab, and then click <em>Customize this format</em>.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Type a new separator in the <em>List separator</em> box. To use a TAB-delimited file, type the word TAB in the box.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Click <em>OK</em> twice.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Below is an image of the <em>Control Panel</em>:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Win_SaveCSV2.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Win List separator" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To export the dive log in CSV format:</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>With the dive log opened in <em>Excel</em>, select the round Windows button at the top left, then <em>Save As</em>.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Win_SaveCSV1.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Excel save as option" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Click on the left-hand part of the <em>Save as</em> option, NOT on the arrow on the right-hand. This brings up a dialogue for saving the
spreadsheet in an alternative format. From the dropdown list at the
bottom of the dialogue, marked <em>Save as Type:</em>, select <em>CSV(Comma delimited) (*.CSV)</em>. Be sure the appropriate folder has been
selected to save the CSV file into.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Win_SaveCSV3.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Excel save CSV dialogue" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Select the <em>Save</em> button. The CSV-formatted file is saved into the
folder that was selected. You can double check the .CSV file by
opening it with a text editor, then import the dive data as
explained on the section <a href="#S_ImportingCSVDives">Importing CSV dives</a>.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="S_APPENDIX_E">21. APPENDIX E: Writing a custom print template</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Subsurface</em> has a way to create or modify templates for printing dive logs to
produce customized printouts of them. Templates written in HTML, as well as a simple
Grantlee instruction set, are rendered to the print device by <em>Subsurface</em>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Templates are accessed using the print dialogue (see image <strong>B</strong> below).</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Print1_f22.jpg" alt="FIGURE: Print dialogue" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The buttons under the <em>Template</em> dropdown box lets you <em>Edit</em>, <em>Delete</em>,
<em>Import</em> and <em>Export</em> templates (see image <strong>A</strong> above). New or modified templates are stored as HTML
files in the same directory as the dive log being processed. In order to create or modify
a template, select one of the templates from the template dropdown list in the print dialogue
(see image <strong>B</strong> above). Choose an existing template that resembles the final desired printout. Then select <em>Edit</em>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The Edit Panel has three tabs:</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Template1_f22.jpg" alt="FIGURE: template edit dialogue" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>1) The <em>Style</em> tab (image <strong>A</strong> above) controls the font, line spacing and color template used for printing the dive log.
The style attributes are editable. Choose one of the four color palettes used for color printing.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>2) The <em>Colors</em> tab (image <strong>B</strong> above) allows editing the colors used for printing the dive log. The colors are highly
customizable: the <em>Edit</em> buttons in the <em>Colors</em> tab allows choosing arbitrary colors for different
components of the dive log printout.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>3) The <em>Template</em> tab of the Edit Panel (see image below) allows creating a template using HTML as well as a few
Grantlee programming primitives. Grantlee can create and format HTML code in
a highly simple but efficient way (see below). The HTML of the template can be edited and saved. The saved
template is stored in the same directory as the dive being processed. By default, a <em>Custom</em>
template is a skeleton with no specific print instructions. The information printed
needs to be specified and formatted in the template by replacing the section marked with:
"<!-- Template must be filled -→". Writing HTML code with Grantlee instructions allows unlimited
freedom in determining what is printed and in which way it should be rendered.</p></div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align:center;">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/Template2_f22.jpg" alt="FIGURE:Template tab" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>You can adapt any of the existing templates and save it to the dive log directory. The standard templates (e.g. One dive, Six dives,
Table) can be modified in this way. After completing the edits, use the <em>Export</em> button in the print
dialogue to save the new template using a new template name.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To write a custom template, the following elements must exist so the template will be correctly handled and rendered.</p></div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_main_dive_loop">21.1. Main dive loop</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Subsurface</em> exports a dive list called (<strong>dives</strong>) to the <em>Grantlee</em> back end. It is possible to iterate over the list as follows:
.template.html</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> {% for dive in dives %}
<h1> {{ dive.number }} </h1>
{% endfor %}</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="title">output.html</div>
<div class="content">
<pre><code> <h1> 1 </h1>
<h1> 2 </h1>
<h1> 3 </h1></code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Additional information about <em>Grantlee</em> can be found <a href="http://www.grantlee.org/apidox/for_themers.html">here</a></p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_grantlee_exported_variables">21.2. Grantlee exported variables</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Only a subset of the dive data is exported:</p></div>
<div class="tableblock">
<table rules="all"
width="100%"
frame="border"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4">
<col width="50%" />
<col width="50%" />
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table"><strong>Name</strong></p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table"><strong>Description</strong></p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">number</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>int</strong>) dive number</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">id</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>int</strong>) unique dive ID, should be used to fetch the dive profile</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">date</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) date of the dive</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">time</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) time of the dive</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">location</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) location of the dive</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">duration</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) duration of the dive</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">depth</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) depth of the dive</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">divemaster</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) divemaster for the dive</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">buddy</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) buddy for the dive</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">airTemp</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) air temperature of the dive</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">waterTemp</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) water temperature of the dive</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">notes</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) dive notes</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">rating</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>int</strong>) dive rating which ranges from 0 to 5</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">sac</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) SAC value for the dive</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">tags</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) list of dive tags for the dive</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">gas</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) list of gases used in the dive</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">suit</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) the suit used for the dive</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">cylinders</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) complete information of all used cylinders</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">cylinder0-7</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) information about a specific cylinder</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">weights</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) complete information of all used weight systems</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">weight0-5</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) information about a specific weight system</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">maxcns</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) maxCNS value for the dive</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">otu</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) OTU value for the dive</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">sumWeight</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) the summed weight of all used weight systems</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">startPressure</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) the start pressure</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">endPressure</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) the end pressure</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">firstGas</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) first used gas</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Please note that some of the variables like <em>notes</em> need to be extended with <em>|safe</em> to support HTML tags:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> <p> {{ dive.notes|safe }} </p></code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Otherwise tags like <em>br</em> would not be converted to line breaks.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Subsurface</em> also exports <strong>template_options</strong> data. This data must be used as <em>CSS</em> values to provide a dynamically
editable template. The exported data is shown in the following table:</p></div>
<div class="tableblock">
<table rules="all"
width="100%"
frame="border"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4">
<col width="50%" />
<col width="50%" />
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table"><strong>Name</strong></p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table"><strong>Description</strong></p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">font</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) font family</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">borderwidth</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>int</strong>) border-width value dynamically calculated as 0.1% of the page width with minimum value of 1px</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">font_size</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>double</strong>) size of fonts in vw, ranges between 1.0 and 2.0</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">line_spacing</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>double</strong>) distance between text lines, ranges between 1.0 and 3.0</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">color1</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) background color</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">color2</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) primary table cell color</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">color3</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) secondary table cell color</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">color4</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) primary text color</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">color5</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) secondary text color</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">color6</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">(<strong>string</strong>) border colors</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="title">template.html</div>
<div class="content">
<pre><code> border-width: {{ template_options.borderwidth }}px;</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="title">output.html</div>
<div class="content">
<pre><code> border-width: 3px;</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Another variable that <em>Subsurface</em> exports is <strong>print_options</strong>. This variable contains a single member:</p></div>
<div class="tableblock">
<table rules="all"
width="100%"
frame="border"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4">
<col width="50%" />
<col width="50%" />
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table"><strong>Name</strong></p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table"><strong>Description</strong></p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">grayscale</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">Use <em>CSS</em> filters to convert the page into grayscale (should be added to body style to enable printing grayscale prints)</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="title">template.html</div>
<div class="content">
<pre><code> body {
{{ print_options.grayscale }};
}</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="title">output.html</div>
<div class="content">
<pre><code> body {
-webkit-filter: grayscale(100%);
}</code></pre>
</div></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_defined_css_selectors">21.3. Defined CSS selectors</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>As the dive profile is placed after rendering, <em>Subsurface</em> uses special <em>CSS</em> selectors to search
in the HTML output. The <em>CSS</em> selectors in the following table should be added.</p></div>
<div class="tableblock">
<table rules="all"
width="100%"
frame="border"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4">
<col width="33%" />
<col width="33%" />
<col width="33%" />
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table"><strong>Selector</strong></p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table"><strong>Type</strong></p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table"><strong>Description</strong></p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">dive_{{ dive.id }}</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">id</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">is used to fetch the relevant dive profile</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">diveProfile</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">class</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">each dive that will contain a dive profile should have this class selector in addition to the dive_{{ dive.id }} id selector</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">dontbreak</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">class</p></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><p class="table">prevents the dive with this class from being divided into two pages. This can be used
in flow layout templates only (when data-numberofdives = 0)</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="./images/icons/important.png" alt="Important" />
</td>
<td class="content">Rendering dive profiles is not supported for flow layout templates (when data-numberofdives = 0).</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_special_attributes">21.4. Special attributes</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>There are two ways of rendering- either rendering a specific number of dives in each page or make <em>Subsurface</em> try to
fit as many dives as possible into one page (<em>flow</em> rendering).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <strong>data-numberofdives</strong> data attribute is added to the body tag to set the rendering mode.</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
render 6 dives per page:
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> <body data-numberofdives = 6></code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
render as much dives as possible:
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> <body data-numberofdives = 0></code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<img src="./images/icons/important.png" alt="Important" />
</td>
<td class="content">All CSS units should be in relative lengths only, to support printing on any page size.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_appendix_f_faqs">22. APPENDIX F: FAQs.</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="S_APPENDIX_F">22.1. Subsurface appears to miscalculate gas consumption and SAC</h3>
<div class="paragraph" id="SAC_CALCULATION"><p><em>Question</em>: I dived with a 12.2 l tank, starting with 220 bar and ending with 100 bar, and I calculate a different SAC compared what <em>Subsurface</em> calculates. Is <em>Subsurface</em>
miscalculating?</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Answer</em>: Not really. What happens is that <em>Subsurface</em> actually calculates gas
consumption differently - and better - than you expect.
In particular, it takes the incompressibility of the gas into account.
Traditionally, gas consumption and SAC should be:
<code>consumption = tank size x (start pressure - end pressure)</code></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>and that’s true for an ideal gas, and it’s what you get taught in dive theory.
But an "ideal gas" doesn’t actually exist, and real gases actually don’t compress
linearly with pressure. Also, you are missing the fact that one atmosphere of
pressure isn’t actually one bar.
So the <strong>real</strong> calculation is:</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>consumption = (amount_of_air_at_beginning - amount_of_air_at_end)</code></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>where the amount of air is <strong>not</strong> just "tank size times pressure in bar".
It’s a combination of: "take compressibility into account" (which is a fairly
small issue under 220 bar - you’ll see more differences when you do high-pressure
tanks with 300bar) and "convert bar to atm" (which is the majority of your discrepancy).
Remember: one ATM is ~1.013 bar, so without the compressibility, your gas use is:</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>12.2*((220-100)/1.013)</code></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>which is about 1445, not 1464. So there was 19 l too much in your simple
calculation that ignored the difference between 1 bar and one ATM.
The compressibility does show up above 200 bar, and takes that 1445 down
about eight litres more, so you really did use only about 1437 l of air at surface pressure.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>So be happy: your SAC really is better than your calculations indicated.
Or be sad: your cylinder contains less air than you thought it did.
And as mentioned, the "contains less air than you thought it did" really
starts becoming much more noticeable at high pressure. A 400 bar really does not
contain twice as much air as a 200 bar one. At lower pressures, air acts pretty much like an ideal gas.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_some_dive_profiles_have_time_discrepancies_with_the_recorded_samples_from_my_dive_computer_8230">22.2. Some dive profiles have time discrepancies with the recorded samples from my dive computer…</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Subsurface</em> ends up ignoring surface time for many things (average depth, divetime, SAC, etc).
<em>Question</em>: Why do dive durations in my dive computer differ from that given by <em>Subsurface</em>?</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>Answer</em>: For example, if you end up doing a weight check (deep enough to trigger the "dive started")
but then come back up and wait five minutes for your buddies, your dive computer may say
that your dive is 50 minutes long - because you have fifty minutes worth of samples - but
subsurface will say it’s 45 minutes - because you were actually diving for 45 minutes.
It’s even more noticeable if you do things like divemastering the initial OW dives, when
you may stay in the water for a long time, but spend most of it at the surface. And then
you don’t want that to count as some kind of long dive”.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_some_dive_profiles_are_missing_from_the_download">22.3. Some dive profiles are missing from the download</h3>
<div class="paragraph" id="DC_HISTORY"><p><em>Question</em>: I cannot download all my dives, only the most recent ones,
even though my dive computer’s manual states that it records history of
e.g. 999 dives?
<em>Answer</em>: Dive history is different than the dive profiles on the log.
The history only keeps track of the total number of dives and total
amount of time spent below surface. The logs, on the other hand, store
the dive profile, but they have a limited amount of memory to do so. The
exact amount of dive profiles that can be stored on the device depends on
sample interval and duration of the dives. Once the memory is full the
oldest dives get overwritten with new dives. Thus we are only able to
download the last 13, 30 or 199 dives.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If you have downloaded your dives to different dive logging software
before they were overwritten, there is a good chance that Subsurface can
import these. However, if the logs are only on your dive computer, they
cannot be salvaged after being overwritten by new dives.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
2018-09-15 09:39:06 PDT
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
|
